Resolving the paradox of shame: differentiating among specific appraisal-feeling combinations explains pro-social and self-defensive motivation

Research has shown that people can respond both self-defensively and pro-socially when they experience shame. We address this paradox by differentiating among specific appraisals (of specific self-defect and concern for condemnation) and feelings (of shame, inferiority, and rejection) often reported as part of shame. In two Experiments (Study 1: N = 85; Study 2: N = 112), manipulations that put participants’ social-image at risk increased their appraisal of concern for condemnation. In Study 2, a manipulation of moral failure increased participants’ appraisal that they suffered a specific self-defect. In both studies, mediation analyses showed that effects of the social-image at risk manipulation on self-defensive motivation were explained by appraisal of concern for condemnation and felt rejection. In contrast, the effect of the moral failure manipulation on pro-social motivation in Study 2 was explained by appraisal of a specific self-defect and felt shame. Thus, distinguishing among the appraisals and feelings tied to shame enabled clearer prediction of pro-social and self-defensive responses to moral failure with and without risk to social-image

Progressive Polycomb Assembly on H3K27me3 Compartments Generates Polycomb Bodies with Developmentally Regulated Motion

Polycomb group (PcG) proteins are conserved chromatin factors that maintain silencing of key developmental genes outside of their expression domains. Recent genome-wide analyses showed a Polycomb (PC) distribution with binding to discrete PcG response elements (PREs). Within the cell nucleus, PcG proteins localize in structures called PC bodies that contain PcG-silenced genes, and it has been recently shown that PREs form local and long-range spatial networks. Here, we studied the nuclear distribution of two PcG proteins, PC and Polyhomeotic (PH). Thanks to a combination of immunostaining, immuno-FISH, and live imaging of GFP fusion proteins, we could analyze the formation and the mobility of PC bodies during fly embryogenesis as well as compare their behavior to that of the condensed fraction of euchromatin. Immuno-FISH experiments show that PC bodies mainly correspond to 3D structural counterparts of the linear genomic domains identified in genome-wide studies. During early embryogenesis, PC and PH progressively accumulate within PC bodies, which form nuclear structures localized on distinct euchromatin domains containing histone H3 tri-methylated on K27. Time-lapse analysis indicates that two types of motion influence the displacement of PC bodies and chromatin domains containing H2Av-GFP. First, chromatin domains and PC bodies coordinately undergo long-range motions that may correspond to the movement of whole chromosome territories. Second, each PC body and chromatin domain has its own fast and highly constrained motion. In this motion regime, PC bodies move within volumes slightly larger than those of condensed chromatin domains. Moreover, both types of domains move within volumes much smaller than chromosome territories, strongly restricting their possibility of interaction with other nuclear structures. The fast motion of PC bodies and chromatin domains observed during early embryogenesis strongly decreases in late developmental stages, indicating a possible contribution of chromatin dynamics in the maintenance of stable gene silencing

Do Caves Have Agency?

Recent studies of later prehistoric cave use have stressed the affective qualities of these natural spaces. Certain properties of caves, darkness, constriction and their active geomorphology for example, can lead to caves be characterised as active agents, natural places with profound powers. However, is it really plausible to interpret caves, inanimate geological formations, as active agents? This paper will review arguments on social, environmental and material agency. This will include Structuration theory, with its emphasis on human consciousness as a key aspect of agency, Ingold's 'Dwelling perspective', which allows the possibility of non-human agents, the work of Alfred Gell and Actor Network Theory. Two common threads are drawn from these approaches to describe the way that things act. Things act in accordance with the properties they have and in a way that is structured and enabled by their past history. From this perspective caves can be shown to act and therefore caves would have been perceived as having agency

O papel das relações públicas no contexto do turismo : descobrindo a cidade de Porto Alegre

O trabalho estuda o papel das Relações Públicas no âmbito do turismo, em que se apresenta o caso de Porto Alegre e das ações da Secretaria Municipal de Turismo da cidade. Considerando que o Turismo é um fênomeno que se insere no contexto da globalização, em que a promoção de destinos a nível internacional se torna um aspecto relevante para o desenvolvimento turístico local, levanta-se que o trabalho do Setor de Relações Internacionais da Secretaria de Turismo é característica de destaque para a projeção da imagem de Porto Alegre em outros países. O estudo traz a importância do site da Secretaria Municipal de Turismo e busca analisá-lo a partir de três categorias como o conteúdo, qualidade de conteúdo e design, pois se trata de uma ferramenta essencial para impulsionar a promoção turística da capital gaúcha. Então, o trabalho mostra a potencialidade do profissional de Relações Públicas como construtor e mediador de relacionamentos entre os públicos de diferentes partes do mundo e por meio de ferramentas de comunicação digital como a internet. Assim, a investigação levanta o trabalho realizado em Porto Alegre e apresenta a necessidade de se entender que as Relações Públicas são indispensáveis para o contexto do turismo contemporâneo.The dissertation presents the role of Public Relations in the tourism industry, wich presents the case of Porto Alegre and the actions of the Municipal Tourism Office of the city. Considering that tourism is a phenomenon that is in the context of globalization, the promotion of international destinations it becomes an important issue for the local tourism development, arises that the work of the Department of International Relations from the Municipal Tourism Office is especially characteristic of the projection image of Porto Alegre abroad. The study shows the importance of the site of the Municipal Tourism and seeks to analyse it from three categories such as content, quality content and design, because it is an essential tool to boost tourism promotion of the state capital. Then, the dissertation shows the potentiality of Public Relations as a builder and mediator of relationships between persons from every part of the world and using tools of digital communication like the internet. Thus, the investigation raises the work done in Porto Alegre and presents the need to understand that Public Relations are essential to the context of contemporary tourism

Increased microvascular proliferation is negatively correlated to tumour blood flow and is associated with unfavourable outcome in endometrial carcinomas

Background: We aimed to study the angiogenic profile based on histomorphological markers in endometrial carcinomas in relation to imaging parameters obtained from preoperative dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and to explore the potential value of these markers to identify patients with poor outcome. Methods: In fifty-four surgically staged endometrial carcinoma patients, immunohistochemical staining with factor VIII and Ki67 allowed assessment of microvessel density (MVD) and microvascular proliferation reflecting tumour angiogenesis. In the same patients, preoperative pelvic DCE-MRI and DWI allowed the calculation of parameters describing tumour microvasculature and microstructure in vivo. Results: Microvascular proliferation was negatively correlated to tumour blood flow (Fb) (r=−0.36, P=0.008), capillary permeability surface area product (PS) (r=−0.39, P=0.004) and transfer from the blood to extravascular extracellular space (EES) (Ktrans) (r=−0.40, P=0.003), and was positively correlated to tumour volume (r=0.34; P=0.004). High-tumour microvascular proliferation, low Fb and low Ktrans were all significantly associated with reduced progression/recurrence-free survival (P<0.05). Conclusion: Disorganised angiogenesis with coexisting microvascular proliferation and low tumour blood flow is a poor prognostic factor supporting that hypoxia is associated with progression and metastatic spread in endometrial carcinomas

CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells in health and disease

10.1111/j.1440-1681.2006.04401.xClinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology335-6519-52