Analysis of Quark Mixing Using Binary Tetrahedral Flavor Symmetry

Using the binary tetrahedral group $T^{'}$, the three angles and phase of the quark CKM mixing matrix are pursued by symmetry-breaking which involves $T^{'}$-doublet VEVs and the Chen-Mahanthappa CP-violation mechanism. The NMRT$^{'}$M, Next-to-Minimal-Renormalizable -T$^{'}$-Model is described, and its one parameter comparison to experimental data is explored.Comment: 14 pages latex. Two .eps figures include

Simplified Renormalizable T′T^{'} Model for Tribimaximal Mixing and Cabibbo Angle

In a simplified renormalizable model where the neutrinos have PMNS (Pontecorvo-Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata) mixings tan$^{2} \theta_{12} = {1/2}, \theta_{13}=0, \theta_{23} = \pi/4$ and with flavor symmetry $T^{'}$ there is a corresponding prediction where the quarks have CKM (Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa) mixings tan$2 \Theta_{12} = \frac{\sqrt{2}}{3}, \Theta_{13}=0, \Theta_{23} =0$.Comment: Further typos correcte

LHC Higgs Production and Decay in the T' Model

At $\sqrt{s} = 7$ TeV, the standard model needs at least $10\, (fb)^{-1}$ integrated luminosity at LHC to make a definitive discovery of the Higgs boson. Using binary tetrahedral ($T^{'}$) discrete flavor symmetry, we discuss how the decay of the lightest $T'$ Higgs into $\gamma\,\gamma$ can be effectively enhanced and dominate over its decay into $b \, \bar{b}$. Since the two-photon final state allows for a clean reconstruction, a decisive Higgs discovery may be possible at 7 TeV with the integrated luminosity only of $\sim 1\, (fb)^{-1}$.Comment: 17 pages, 9 figure

Impact of neutrino flavor oscillations on the neutrino-driven wind nucleosynthesis of an electron-capture supernova

Neutrino oscillations, especially to light sterile states, can affect the nucleosynthesis yields because of their possible feedback effect on the electron fraction (Ye). For the first time, we perform nucleosynthesis calculations for neutrino-driven wind trajectories from the neutrino-cooling phase of an 8.8 Msun electron-capture supernova, whose hydrodynamic evolution was computed in spherical symmetry with sophisticated neutrino transport and whose Ye evolution was post-processed by including neutrino oscillations both between active and active-sterile flavors. We also take into account the alpha-effect as well as weak magnetism and recoil corrections in the neutrino absorption and emission processes. We observe effects on the Ye evolution which depend in a subtle way on the relative radial positions of the sterile MSW resonances, of collective flavor transformations, and on the formation of alpha particles. For the adopted supernova progenitor, we find that neutrino oscillations, also to a sterile state with eV-mass, do not significantly affect the element formation and in particular cannot make the post-explosion wind outflow neutron rich enough to activate a strong r-process. Our conclusions become even more robust when, in order to mimic equation-of-state dependent corrections due to nucleon potential effects in the dense-medium neutrino opacities, six cases with reduced Ye in the wind are considered. In these cases, despite the conversion of active neutrinos to sterile neutrinos, Ye increases or is not significantly lowered compared to the values obtained without oscillations and active flavor transformations. This is a consequence of a complicated interplay between sterile-neutrino production, neutrino-neutrino interactions, and alpha-effect.Comment: 19 pages, 12 figures; accepted for publication by Ap

Off-diagonal Gluon Mass Generation and Infrared Abelian Dominance in Maximally Abelian Gauge in SU(3) Lattice QCD

In SU(3) lattice QCD formalism, we propose a method to extract gauge fields from link-variables analytically. With this method, we perform the first study on effective mass generation of off-diagonal gluons and infrared Abelian dominance in the maximally Abelian (MA) gauge in the SU(3) case. Using SU(3) lattice QCD, we investigate the propagator and the effective mass of the gluon fields in the MA gauge with U(1)_3 \timesU(1)_8 Landau gauge fixing. The Monte Carlo simulation is performed on $16^4$ at $\beta$=5.7, 5.8 and 6.0 at the quenched level. The off-diagonal gluons behave as massive vector bosons with the approximate effective mass $M_{\mathrm{off}} \simeq 1.1-1.2\mathrm{GeV}$ in the region of $r =0.3-0.8$fm, and the propagation is limited within a short range, while the propagation of diagonal gluons remains even in a large range. In this way, infrared Abelian dominance is shown in terms of short-range propagation of off-diagonal gluons. Furthermore, we investigate the functional form of the off-diagonal gluon propagator. The functional form is well described by the four-dimensional Euclidean Yukawa-type function $e^{-m_{\rm off}r}/r$ with $m_{\rm off} \simeq 1.3-1.4\mathrm{GeV}$ for $r = 0.1- 0.8$ fm. This also indicates that the spectral function of off-diagonal gluons has the negative-value region

Vacuum solutions of five dimensional Einstein equations generated by inverse scattering method

We study stationary and axially symmetric two solitonic solutions of five dimensional vacuum Einstein equations by using the inverse scattering method developed by Belinski and Zakharov. In this generation of the solutions, we use five dimensional Minkowski spacetime as a seed. It is shown that if we restrict ourselves to the case of one angular momentum component, the generated solution coincides with a black ring solution with a rotating two sphere which was found by Mishima and Iguchi recently.Comment: 10 pages, accepted for publication in Physical Review

Rotating Black Holes on Kaluza-Klein Bubbles

Using the solitonic solution generating techniques, we generate a new exact solution which describes a pair of rotating black holes on a Kaluza-Klein bubble as a vacuum solution in the five-dimensional Kaluza-Klein theory. We also investigate the properties of this solution. Two black holes with topology S^3 are rotating along the same direction and the bubble plays a role in holding two black holes. In static case, it coincides with the solution found by Elvang and Horowitz.Comment: 16 pages, 1 figure, minor correctio

First-principles study on scanning tunneling microscopy images of hydrogen-terminated Si(110) surfaces

Scanning tunneling microscopy images of hydrogen-terminated Si(110) surfaces are studied using first-principles calculations. Our results show that the calculated filled-state images and local density of states are consistent with recent experimental results, and the empty-state images appear significantly different from the filled-state ones. To elucidate the origin of this difference, we examined in detail the local density of states, which affects the images, and found that the bonding and antibonding states of surface silicon atoms largely affect the difference between the filled- and empty-state images.Comment: 4 pages, and 4 figure