Nonstretch NMO

We describe a new implementation of the normal-moveout (NMO) correction that is routinely applied to common-midpoint (CMP) reflections prior to stacking. The procedure, called nonstretch NMO, automatically avoids the undesirable stretch effects that are present in conventional NMO. Under nonstretch NMO, a significant range of large offsets that normally would be muted in the case of conventional NMO can be kept and used, thereby leading to better stack and velocity determinations. We illustrate the use of nonstretch NMO by applying it to synthetic and real data sets obtained from high-resolution (HR) seismic and ground-penetrating radar (GPR) measurements.69259960

Inverse Common-Reflection-Surface

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)The Common-Reflection-Surface (CRS) stack method is a powerful tool to produce high-quality stacked images of multicoverage seismic data. As a result of the CRS stack, not only a stacked section, but also a number of attributes defined at each point of that section, are produced. In this way, one can think of the CRS stack method as a transformation from data space to attribute space. Being a purely kinematic method, the CRS stack lacks amplitude information that can be useful for many purposes. Here we propose to fill this gap by means of a combined use of a zero-offset section (that could be a short-offset or amplitude-corrected stacked section) and common midpoint gather. We present an algorithm for an inverse CRS transformation, namely one that (approximately) transforms the CRS attributes back to data space. First synthetic tests provide satisfying results for the two simple cases of single dipping-plane and single circular reflectors with a homogeneous overburden, and provide estimates of the range of applicability, in both midpoint and offset directions. We further present an application for interpolating missing traces in a near-surface, high-resolution seismic experiment, conducted in the alluvial plain of the river Gave de Pau, near Assat, southern France, showing its ability to build coherent signals, where recording was not available. A somewhat unexpected good feature of the algorithm, is that it seems capable to reconstruct signals even in muted parts of the section.183313921400Research Foundation of the State of Sao Paulo, BrazilConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)WIT ConsortiumConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Superfield Formulation for Non-Relativistic Chern-Simons-Matter Theory

We construct a superfield formulation for non-relativistic Chern-Simons-Matter theories with manifest dynamical supersymmetry. By eliminating all the auxiliary fields, we show that the simple action reduces to the one obtained by taking non-relativistic limit from the relativistic Chern-Simons-Matter theory proposed in the literature. As a further application, we give a manifestly supersymmetric derivation of the non-relativistic ABJM theory.Comment: 18 page

Revision of the age of magnetization of the Montmartin red beds, Normandy, France

A new roadcut has enabled us to sample the south-dipping limb of the Montmartin syncline for a palaeomagnetic reevaluation of an earlier result published by Jones, Van der Voo & Bonhommet. In combination with the results previously published in 1979 for the north-dipping beds of the syncline, a conclusively negative fold test is obtained. The resulting magnetization (declination/inclination =206°/-3°, Α 95 = 12°, palaeopole at 38°S, 325°E) is interpreted to be of Late Carboniferous age, not Late Devonian as thought earlier. Simultaneously, we have re-evaluated the age of the rocks, previously thought to be Late Devonian on the basis of Acritarchs, Chitinozoans and spores. It has not been possible to reconfirm these fossils, not even in the same samples as studied originally; in contrast, the regional presence of Early Palaeozoic fossils suggests to us an age similar to that of other red beds in the Arrnorican Massif, which have been dated as Early Ordovician. The geodynamic implications of our finding that the Montmartin rocks are completely remagnetized, however, are of no great consequence for the geodynamics of the Hercynian belt. Pre-folding magnetization obtained from Silurian and Devonian rocks in Spain and Germany argue for the same conclusion as reached erroneously in our earlier study, namely that the Armorican Massif and adjacent parts of Hercynian Europe were adjointed to North America, Great Britain, the Baltic Shield and the Russian Platform since at least Late Devonian time. If a Medio-European ocean existed during the Palaeozoic, it was virtually closed before the mid-Devonian and of insignificant width during Culm deposition in Early Carboniferoirs time.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/74719/1/j.1365-246X.1985.tb05108.x.pd

Pathway analysis of kidney cancer using proteomics and metabolic profiling

BACKGROUND: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the sixth leading cause of cancer death and is responsible for 11,000 deaths per year in the US. Approximately one-third of patients present with disease which is already metastatic and for which there is currently no adequate treatment, and no biofluid screening tests exist for RCC. In this study, we have undertaken a comprehensive proteomic analysis and subsequently a pathway and network approach to identify biological processes involved in clear cell RCC (ccRCC). We have used these data to investigate urinary markers of RCC which could be applied to high-risk patients, or to those being followed for recurrence, for early diagnosis and treatment, thereby substantially reducing mortality of this disease. RESULTS: Using 2-dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometric analysis, we identified 31 proteins which were differentially expressed with a high degree of significance in ccRCC as compared to adjacent non-malignant tissue, and we confirmed some of these by immunoblotting, immunohistochemistry, and comparison to published transcriptomic data. When evaluated by several pathway and biological process analysis programs, these proteins are demonstrated to be involved with a high degree of confidence (p values < 2.0 E-05) in glycolysis, propanoate metabolism, pyruvate metabolism, urea cycle and arginine/proline metabolism, as well as in the non-metabolic p53 and FAS pathways. In a pilot study using random urine samples from both ccRCC and control patients, we performed metabolic profiling and found that only sorbitol, a component of an alternative glycolysis pathway, is significantly elevated at 5.4-fold in RCC patients as compared to controls. CONCLUSION: Extensive pathway and network analysis allowed for the discovery of highly significant pathways from a set of clear cell RCC samples. Knowledge of activation of these processes will lead to novel assays identifying their proteomic and/or metabolomic signatures in biofluids of patient at high risk for this disease; we provide pilot data for such a urinary bioassay. Furthermore, we demonstrate how the knowledge of networks, processes, and pathways altered in kidney cancer may be used to influence the choice of optimal therapy

Receptors and Other Signaling Proteins Required for Serotonin Control of Locomotion in Caenorhabditis elegans

A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of signaling by the neurotransmitter serotonin is required to assess the hypothesis that defects in serotonin signaling underlie depression in humans. Caenorhabditis elegans uses serotonin as a neurotransmitter to regulate locomotion, providing a genetic system to analyze serotonin signaling. From large-scale genetic screens we identified 36 mutants of C. elegans in which serotonin fails to have its normal effect of slowing locomotion, and we molecularly identified eight genes affected by 19 of the mutations. Two of the genes encode the serotonin-gated ion channel MOD-1 and the G-protein-coupled serotonin receptor SER-4. mod-1 is expressed in the neurons and muscles that directly control locomotion, while ser-4 is expressed in an almost entirely non-overlapping set of sensory and interneurons. The cells expressing the two receptors are largely not direct postsynaptic targets of serotonergic neurons. We analyzed animals lacking or overexpressing the receptors in various combinations using several assays for serotonin response. We found that the two receptors act in parallel to affect locomotion. Our results show that serotonin functions as an extrasynaptic signal that independently activates multiple receptors at a distance from its release sites and identify at least six additional proteins that appear to act with serotonin receptors to mediate serotonin response.National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant GM24663

Nucleon pairing in μ- capture by 40Ca

Spectra of energetic protons above 35 MeV have been measured following negative muon capture from rest in Ca. The spectrum extends to the kinematic limit near 93 MeV, with a branching ratio of (2.3±0.3)×10-4 per capture above 40 MeV. Nuclear cascade calculations of the proton and neutron spectra in this energy region are presented and are consistent with the measured proton spectrum when capture on correlated pp and np pairs in the nucleus is included. The ratio of capture on np to pp pairs is 6.7±1.6, which is consistent with results from pion capture

Search for the Lepton-Number-Violating Decay Ξ−→pμ−μ−\Xi^- \to p \mu^- \mu^-

A sensitive search for the lepton-number-violating decay $\Xi^-\to p \mu^-\mu^-$ has been performed using a sample of $\sim10^9$ $\Xi^-$ hyperons produced in 800 GeV/$c$ $p$-Cu collisions. We obtain $\mathcal{B}(\Xi^-\to p \mu^-\mu^-)< 4.0\times 10^{-8}$ at 90% confidence, improving on the best previous limit by four orders of magnitude.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. Let