OPTIMALISASI SECURING CARGO PETI KEMAS DI MV. SAMUDRA INDAH 2

ABSTRAKSI IGO OKTORA H, 2018, NIT : 51145152.N, “Optimalisasi Securing Cargo Petikemas di MV. Samudra Indah 2”, skripsi Program Studi Nautika, Program Diploma IV, Politeknik Ilmu Pelayaran Semarang, Pembimbing I: Capt. Agus Hadi Puurwantomo, M.Mar, Pembimbing II: Daryanto S.H., M.M. Securing cargo adalah usaha yang dilakukan untuk mengamankan dan melindungi dari gerakan-gerakan mengangguk kapal dapat mengakibatkan mengendurnya lasingan muatan. Jenis kapal petikemas secara garis besar dapat dibedakan dalam dua jenis yaitu :kapal full container dan kapal semi container. Pada prinsipnya semua kapal dalam melaksanakan pemuatannya, mempunyai tujuan untuk menjaga keselamatan muatan dan awak kapal baik dalam proses permuatan, proses pembongkaran dan selama pelayaran. Terutama dalam hal masalah lasing muatan selama pelayaran harus benar-benar diperhatikan. Seperti halnya pada kapal MV. Samudra Indah 2 dimana penulis melaksanakan praktek berlayar. Selain akibat pergerakan-pergerakan kapal faktor dari manusiapun memungkinkan terjadinya bahaya-bahaya yang disebabkan oleh muatan. Faktorfaktor tersebut antara lain, pelaksanaan securing cargo yang tidak sesuai dengan prosedur, Pemberian alat-alat lasing yang tidak lengkap, kurangnya skill buruh dalam hal pelaksanaan securing cargo yang sesuai prosedur, serta kurangnya partisipasi awak kapal dalam pengamanan muatan. Dalam pelaksanaannya, seorang peneliti harus menggunakan metodemetode tertentu untuk mengumpulkan data yang tersusun secara sistematis sesuai dengan tujuan penelitian. Ada bermacam-macam metode yang dipergunakan untuk mengumpulkan data seperti interview, observasi, dan kepustakaan. Namun tidak satu teknik pun yang paling dianggap baik. Dengan melaksanakan securing cargo tersebut diharapkan securing cargo petikemas dapat dilaksanakan sesuai prosedur untuk menjaga muatan petikemas terjaga sampai di pelabuhan tujuan dengan lancer, aman, cepat, efektif, dan efisien. Pada akhir bagian skripsi penulis menyajikan kesimpulan dan saran. ABSTRACT IGO OKTORA H, 2018, NIT: 51145152.N, "Optimality Securing Cargo Container MV. Samudra Indah 2 ", essay of Nautical Study Program, Diploma IV, Politeknik Ilmu Pelayaran Semarang,1st supervisor: Capt. Agus Hadi Puurwantomo, M.Mar, Pembimbing II: Daryanto S.H., M.M. Securing cargo is an effort made to secure and protect from nodding movements may result in loosening of the charge weld. Types of container vessels can be broadly divided into two types: full-container ships and semi-container vessels. In principle, all ships in carrying out their loads, have a purpose to maintain the safety of cargo and crew both in the process of loading, dismantling and during the voyage. Particularly in the case of lasing issues during the voyage should be taken into account. Just like on a MV. Samudra Indah 2 where the authors carry out the practice of sailing. In addition to the effects of the ship movements, the factor of any human being allows the occurrence of the dangers caused by the load. These factors include the implementation of cargo securing cargo that is not in accordance with the procedure, the provision of incomplete lasing equipment, the lack of labor skills in terms of implementation of cargo securing cargo according to procedures, and the lack of participation of crew members in charge cargo. In practice, a researcher must use certain methods to collect data organized systematically in accordance with the objectives of the study. There are various methods used to collect data such as interviews, observations, and literature. But not one technique is most considered good. By implementing the securing cargo, it is expected that cargo container cargo can be carried out in accordance with the procedure to keep the container load safely until the port of destination with lancer, safe, fast, effective and efficient. At the end of the authors section presents conclusions and suggestions

Measurement of the analyzing power of proton-carbon elastic scattering in the CNI region at RHIC

The single transverse spin asymmetry, A_N, of the p-carbon elastic scattering process in the Coulomb Nuclear Interference (CNI) region was measured using an ultra thin carbon target and polarized proton beam in the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). In 2004, data were collected to calibrate the p-carbon process at two RHIC energies (24 GeV, 100 GeV). A_N was obtained as a function of momentum transfer -t. The results were fit with theoretical models which allow us to assess the contribution from a hadronic spin flip amplitude.Comment: Contribution to the proceedings of the 16th International Spin Physics Symposium, spin2004 (Trieste

GEOLOGI DAN STUDI PENGARUH SESAR HILL 11 TERHADAP PERUBAHAN KUALITAS BATUBARA DAERAH TUTUPAN KEC. WARA KAB. TABALONG

Lokasi penelitian terletak di daerah Tutupan, Kecamatan Wara, Kabupaten Tabalong, Propinsi Kalimantan Selatan. Daerah penelitian terletak di kuasa pertambangan PT Adaro Indonesia yang secara administratif masuk dalam Propinsi Kalimantan Selatan yang berada di Kabupaten Tabalong. Daerah telitian secara geografis berada pada 115º33’30” sampai dengan 115º26’10” Bujur Timur dan 2º7’30” sampai dengan 2º55’30” Lintang Selatan. Lokasi telitian terletak di daerah penambangan Tutupan tepatnya di lokasi penambangan Hill 11. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode pemetaan geologi meliputi pengumpulan data litologi, struktur geologi, stratigrafi, geomorfologi, dan pengambilan sampel batuan meliputi sampel petrografi, mikropaleontologi dan batubara. Untuk menunjang penelitian, dilakukan análisis nilai kalori dan kandungan sulfur pada sampel batubara yang selanjutnya hasilnya dikaitkan dengan geologi daerah teitian, khususnya dengan struktur geologi yang berkembang di daerah telitian. Morfologi daerah telitian dibagi kedalam dua bentuk asal, yaitu bentuk asal stuktural yang mencakup Bukit homoklin berlereng miring (S1) dan Bukit homoklin berlereng landai (S2), serta bentuk asal aspek manusia yang mencakup bentuk lahan Kolam Penampungan Hasil Penambangan (H1), bentuk lahan dinding tambang berlereng sangat curam Hasil penambangan (H2), dan bentuk lahan dinding tambang berlereng landai hasil Penambangan (H3). Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan lapangan, stratigrafi daerah telitian dapat dibagi menjadi 3 satuan litostratigrafi tidak resmi dengan urutan dari tua ke muda sebagai berikut : satuan batupasir kuarsa Warukin (Miosen Tengah) dengan lingkungan pengendapan upper delta plain, satuan batulempung Warukin (Miosen tengah) dengan lingkungan pengendapan transisional lower delta plain dan endapan alluvial (kuarter). Struktur geologi daerah telitian terdiri dari struktur homoklin, sesar kanan naik hill 11, sesar naik hill 11 serta kekar dan cleat. Struktur homoklin ditandai dengan kedudukan batuan pada daerah telitian yang secara umum miring ke tenggara. Struktur sesar terdiri dari sesar kanan naik Hill 11 dengan nama thrust right slip fault (Rickard 1972) dan sesar naik hill 11 diinterpretasi dari adanya microfold yang ditemukan di daerah telitian. Struktur kekar dan cleat secara umum memiliki kedudukan yang sama jika dilihat dari arah extension joint dan face cleat yang memiliki arah N 255 0 E hingga N 290 0 E. Kualitas batubara daerah telitian ditinjau berdasarkan nilai kalori dan kandungan sulfur. Secara umum nilai kalori dari batubara daerah telitian yaitu 5600 cal/g, dimana nilai kalori sama pada seam-seam utama yang ada yaitu pada seam T110, T120 dan T300. Sedangkan nilai kandungan sulfur batubara daerah telitian berkisar antara 0.12-0.19 %. Hasil analisa laboratorium terhadap sampel batubara T120 yang diambil pada tiga titik berbeda, menunjukkan nilai kalori dan kandungan sulfur yang sama dengan nilai pada umumnya, kecuali pada sampel yang diambil pada bidang sesar, mengalami perubahan niai kalori yang mencolok mencapai 6084 cal/g. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh penambahan tekanan dan suhu saat pembentukan sesar akan meningkatkan nilai kalori batubara, sedangkan perubahan kandungan sulfur yang tidak mencolok karena pengaruh lingkungan pengendapan upper delta plain, dimana pengaruh marin tidak signifikan sehingga cleat yang terbentuk akibat proses pensesaran ini tidak banyak terisi oleh sulfur

Sneutrino Mass Measurements at e+e- Linear Colliders

It is generally accepted that experiments at an e+e- linear colliders will be able to extract the masses of the selectron as well as the associated sneutrinos with a precision of ~ 1% by determining the kinematic end points of the energy spectrum of daughter electrons produced in their two body decays to a lighter neutralino or chargino. Recently, it has been suggested that by studying the energy dependence of the cross section near the production threshold, this precision can be improved by an order of magnitude, assuming an integrated luminosity of 100 fb^-1. It is further suggested that these threshold scans also allow the masses of even the heavier second and third generation sleptons and sneutrinos to be determined to better than 0.5%. We re-examine the prospects for determining sneutrino masses. We find that the cross sections for the second and third generation sneutrinos are too small for a threshold scan to be useful. An additional complication arises because the cross section for sneutrino pair to decay into any visible final state(s) necessarily depends on an unknown branching fraction, so that the overall normalization in unknown. This reduces the precision with which the sneutrino mass can be extracted. We propose a different strategy to optimize the extraction of m(\tilde{\nu}_\mu) and m(\tilde{\nu}_\tau) via the energy dependence of the cross section. We find that even with an integrated luminosity of 500 fb^-1, these can be determined with a precision no better than several percent at the 90% CL. We also examine the measurement of m(\tilde{\nu}_e) and show that it can be extracted with a precision of about 0.5% (0.2%) with an integrated luminosity of 120 fb^-1 (500 fb^-1).Comment: RevTex, 46 pages, 15 eps figure

A Clinically Relevant Method of Analyzing Continuous Change in Robotic Upper Extremity Chronic Stroke Rehabilitation

Background. Robots designed for rehabilitation of the upper extremity after stroke facilitate high rates of repetition during practice of movements and record precise kinematic data, providing a method to investigate motor recovery profiles over time. Objective. To determine how motor recovery profiles during robotic interventions provide insight into improving clinical gains. Methods. A convenience sample (n = 22), from a larger randomized control trial, was taken of chronic stroke participants completing 12 sessions of arm therapy. One group received 60 minutes of robotic therapy (Robot only) and the other group received 45 minutes on the robot plus 15 minutes of translation-to-task practice (Robot + TTT). Movement time was assessed using the robot without powered assistance. Analyses (ANOVA, random coefficient modeling [RCM] with 2-term exponential function) were completed to investigate changes across the intervention, between sessions, and within a session. Results. Significant improvement (P < .05) in movement time across the intervention (pre vs post) was similar between the groups but there were group differences for changes between and within sessions (P < .05). The 2-term exponential function revealed a fast and slow component of learning that described performance across consecutive blocks. The RCM identified individuals who were above or below the marginal model. Conclusions. The expanded analyses indicated that changes across time can occur in different ways but achieve similar goals and may be influenced by individual factors such as initial movement time. These findings will guide decisions regarding treatment planning based on rates of motor relearning during upper extremity stroke robotic interventions

The cross section minima in elastic Nd scattering: a ``smoking gun'' for three nucleon force effects

Neutron-deuteron elastic scattering cross sections are calculated at different energies using modern nucleon-nucleon interactions and the Tucson-Melbourne three-nucleon force adjusted to the triton binding energy. Predictions based on NN forces only underestimate nucleon-deuteron data in the minima at higher energies starting around 60 MeV. Adding the three-nucleon forces fills up those minima and reduces the discrepancies significantly.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figure

A fluorescence-based reporter substrate for monitoring RNA editing in trypanosomatid pathogens

RNA editing regulates mitochondrial gene expression in trypanosomatid pathogens by creating functional mRNAs. It is catalyzed by a multi-protein complex (the editosome), and is found to be essential in both insect stage and mammalian blood stream form of Trypanosoma brucei. This particular form of RNA editing is unique to trypanosomatids, and thus provides a suitable drug target in trypanosomatid pathogens. Here, we demonstrate the feasibility of a rapid and sensitive fluorescence-based reporter assay to monitor RNA editing based on ribozyme activity. We could validate our new assay using previously identified inhibitors against the essential RNA editing ligase. The principle advantages of this assay are: (i) the use of non-radioactively labeled materials, (ii) sensitivity afforded by fluorescence instrumentation applicable to high-throughput screening of chemical inhibitors against the essential editosome and (iii) a rapid and convenient ‘mix and measure’ type of assay in low volume with a high signal to noise ratio. This assay should enhance rapid identification and characterization of the editosome inhibitors primarily based on the overall composition of the editosomes from T. brucei. These inhibitors could also be tested against the editosomes from the closely related pathogens including T. cruzi and Leishmania species

Dielectron Cross Section Measurements in Nucleus-Nucleus Reactions at 1.0 A GeV

We present measured dielectron production cross sections for Ca+Ca, C+C, He+Ca, and d+Ca reactions at 1.0 A GeV. Statistical uncertainties and systematic effects are smaller than in previous DLS nucleus-nucleus data. For pair mass < 0.35 GeV/c2 : 1) the Ca+Ca cross section is larger than the previous DLS measurement and current model results, 2) the mass spectra suggest large contributions from pi0 and eta Dalitz decays, and 3) dsigma/dM is proportional to ApAt. For M > 0.5 GeV/c2 the Ca+Ca to C+C cross section ratio is significantly larger than the ratio of ApAt values.Comment: Submitted to Physical Review Letters. Further analysis information will be posted on our web pages -- http://macdls.lbl.gov Figure 1 has been redrawn to make more legible. Text modified to support redrawn figur

Nucleon-deuteron elastic scattering as a tool to probe properties of three-nucleon forces

Faddeev equations for elastic Nd scattering have been solved using modern NN forces combined with the Tucson-Melbourne two-pion exchange three-nucleon force, with a modification thereof closer to chiral symmetry and the Urbana IX three-nucleon force. Theoretical predictions for the differential cross section and several spin observables using NN forces only and NN forces combined with three-nucleon force models are compared to each other and to the existing data. A wide range of energies from 3 to 200 MeV is covered. Especially at the higher energies striking three-nucleon force effects are found, some of which are supported by the still rare set of data, some are in conflict with data and thus very likely point to defects in those three-nucleon force models.Comment: 30 pages, 14 Postscript figures; now minor changes in figures and reference