15,644 research outputs found
Projected entangled-pair states can describe chiral topological states
We show that Projected Entangled-Pair States (PEPS) in two spatial dimensions
can describe chiral topological states by explicitly constructing a family of
such states with a non-trivial Chern number. They are ground states of two
different kinds of free-fermion Hamiltonians: (i) local and gapless; (ii)
gapped, but with hopping amplitudes that decay according to a power law. We
derive general conditions on topological free fermionic PEPS which show that
they cannot correspond to exact ground states of gapped, local parent
Hamiltonians, and provide numerical evidence demonstrating that they can
nevertheless approximate well the physical properties of topological insulators
with local Hamiltonians at arbitrary temperatures.Comment: v2: minor changes, references added. v3: accepted version,
Journal-Ref adde
Observation of indirect ionization of W7+ in an electron-beam ion-trap plasma
In this work, visible and extreme ultraviolet spectra of W7+ are measured
using the high-temperature superconducting electron-beam ion trap (EBIT) at the
Shanghai EBIT Laboratory under extremely low-energy conditions (lower than the
nominal electron-beam energy of 130 eV). The relevant atomic structure is
calculated using the flexible atomic code package based on the relativistic
configuration interaction method. The GRASP2K code, in the framework of the
multiconfiguration Dirac-Hartree-Fock method, is employed as well for
calculating the wavelength of the M1 transition in the ground configuration of
W7+. A line from the W7+ ions is observed at a little higher electron-beam
energy than the ionization potential for W4+, making this line appear to be
from W5+. A hypothesis for the charge-state evolution of W7+ is proposed based
on our experimental and theoretical results; that is, the occurrence of W7+
ions results from indirect ionization caused by stepwise excitation between
some metastable states of lower-charge-state W ions, at the nominal
electron-beam energy of 59 eV
On the energy-delay tradeoff and relay positioning of wireless butterfly networks
This paper considers energy-delay tradeoff (EDT) of data transmission in wireless network coded butterfly networks (WNCBNs) where two sources convey their data to two destinations with the assistance of a relay employing either physical-layer network coding (PNC) or analog network coding (ANC). Hybrid automatic repeat request with incremental redundancy (HARQIR) is applied for a reliable communication. Particularly, we first investigate the EDT of both PNC and ANC schemes in WNCBNs to evaluate their energy efficiency. It is found that there is no advantage of using a relay in a high power regime. However, in a low power regime, the PNC scheme is shown to be more energy efficient than both the ANC and direct transmission (DT) schemes if the relay is located far from the sources, while both the PNC and ANC schemes are less energy efficient than the DT scheme when the relay is located near the sources. Additionally, algorithms that optimise relay positioning are developed based on two criteria - minimising total transmission delays and minimising total energy consumption subject to node location and power allocation constraints. This optimisation can be considered as a benchmark for relay positioning in either a low-latency or a low-energy-consumption WNCBN
Conformal Covariantization of Moyal-Lax Operators
A covariant approach to the conformal property associated with Moyal-Lax
operators is given. By identifying the conformal covariance with the second
Gelfand-Dickey flow, we covariantize Moyal-Lax operators to construct the
primary fields of one-parameter deformation of classical -algebras.Comment: 13 pages, Revtex, no figures, v.2: typos corrected, references added
and conclusion modifie
Nonlinear elasticity of monolayer graphene
By combining continuum elasticity theory and tight-binding atomistic
simulations, we work out the constitutive nonlinear stress-strain relation for
graphene stretching elasticity and we calculate all the corresponding nonlinear
elastic moduli. Present results represent a robust picture on elastic behavior
of one-atom thick carbon sheets and provide the proper interpretation of recent
experiments. In particular, we discuss the physical meaning of the effective
nonlinear elastic modulus there introduced and we predict its value in good
agreement with available data. Finally, a hyperelastic softening behavior is
observed and discussed, so determining the failure properties of graphene.Comment: 4 page
Event-specific chorus wave and electron seed population models in DREAM3D using the Van Allen Probes
Abstract The DREAM3D diffusion model is applied to Van Allen Probes observations of the fast dropout and strong enhancement of MeV electrons during the October 2012 double-dip storm. We show that in order to explain the very different behavior in the two dips, diffusion in all three dimensions (energy, pitch angle, and Lo) coupled with data-driven, event-specific inputs, and boundary conditions is required. Specifically, we find that outward radial diffusion to the solar wind-driven magnetopause, an event-specific chorus wave model, and a dynamic lower-energy seed population are critical for modeling the dynamics. In contrast, models that include only a subset of processes, use statistical wave amplitudes, or rely on inward radial diffusion of a seed population, perform poorly. The results illustrate the utility of the high resolution, comprehensive set of Van Allen Probes\u27 measurements in studying the balance between source and loss in the radiation belt, a principal goal of the mission. Key Points DREAM3D uses event-specific driving conditions measured by Van Allen Probes Electron dropout is due to outward radial diffusion to compressed magnetopause Event-specific chorus and seed electrons are necessary for the enhancement
Front Stability in Mean Field Models of Diffusion Limited Growth
We present calculations of the stability of planar fronts in two mean field
models of diffusion limited growth. The steady state solution for the front can
exist for a continuous family of velocities, we show that the selected velocity
is given by marginal stability theory. We find that naive mean field theory has
no instability to transverse perturbations, while a threshold mean field theory
has such a Mullins-Sekerka instability. These results place on firm theoretical
ground the observed lack of the dendritic morphology in naive mean field theory
and its presence in threshold models. The existence of a Mullins-Sekerka
instability is related to the behavior of the mean field theories in the
zero-undercooling limit.Comment: 26 pp. revtex, 7 uuencoded ps figures. submitted to PR
Ignorance based inference of optimality in thermodynamic processes
We derive ignorance based prior distribution to quantify incomplete
information and show its use to estimate the optimal work characteristics of a
heat engine.Comment: Latex, 10 pages, 3 figure
The interaction between stray electrostatic fields and a charged free-falling test mass
We present an experimental analysis of force noise caused by stray
electrostatic fields acting on a charged test mass inside a conducting
enclosure, a key problem for precise gravitational experiments. Measurement of
the average field that couples to test mass charge, and its fluctuations, is
performed with two independent torsion pendulum techniques, including direct
measurement of the forces caused by a change in electrostatic charge. We
analyze the problem with an improved electrostatic model that, coupled with the
experimental data, also indicates how to correctly measure and null the stray
field that interacts with test mass charge. Our measurements allow a
conservative upper limit on acceleration noise, of 2 fm/s\rthz\ for
frequencies above 0.1 mHz, for the interaction between stray fields and charge
in the LISA gravitational wave mission.Comment: Minor edits in PRL publication proces
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