THE USE OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN THE RESTORATION AND CONSERVATION OF BUILT CULTURAL HERITAGE/ THE CASE OF THE STATUE OF FOUARA, SETIF, ALGERIA

The present paper deals with the techniques using the laser scanner survey in the restoration of the statue of Fouara in Setif, Algeria. This statue which is made of marble was realized by Francis de St Vidal in 1899 that represents a nymph which is a part of the fountain, publicly displayed in the center of the city's main plaza. On 18 December 2018, a man defaced the statue, removing the facial features and breasts with a hammer and chisel.As a matter of fact, the build cultural heritage in Algeria is in danger from attacks and reaction time deterioration with age. Following the day of the incident, our team has been called to use a previous scanner laser survey of the nymph that was stored in our cultural heritage monument database in order to help the restoration of the missing part of the nymph (the face and the breast. as matter of fact, the original laser scanning survey provided a helpful and accurate details to support the restoration of the nymph.</p

Experimental evidence of frequency entrainment between coupled chaotic oscillations

The nonlinear response of a chaotic system to a chaotic variation in a system parameter is investigated experimentally. Clear experimental evidence of frequency entrainment of the chaotic oscillations is observed. We show that analogous to the frequency locking between coupled periodic oscillations, this effect is generic for coupled chaotic systems.Tang, D. Dykstra, R. ; Hamilton, M. ; Heckenberg, N

Limit cycle induced by multiplicative noise in a system of coupled Brownian motors

We study a model consisting of $N$ nonlinear oscillators with {\em global periodic} coupling and {\em local multiplicative} and additive noises. The model was shown to undergo a nonequilibrium phase transition towards a broken-symmetry phase exhibiting noise-induced "ratchet" behavior. A previous study \cite{[7]} focused on the relationship between the character of thehysteresis loop, the number of ``homogeneous'' mean-field solutions and the shape of the stationary mean-field probability distribution function. Here we show --as suggested by the absence of stable solutions when the load force is beyond a critical value-- the existence of a limit cycle induced by both:multiplicative noise and {\em global periodic} coupling.Comment: Submitted to Phys. Rev. E, RevTex, 18 pgs, 5 figure

Nonequilibrium phase transitions induced by multiplicative noise: effects of self-correlation

A recently introduced lattice model, describing an extended system which exhibits a reentrant (symmetry-breaking, second-order) noise-induced nonequilibrium phase transition, is studied under the assumption that the multiplicative noise leading to the transition is colored. Within an effective Markovian approximation and a mean-field scheme it is found that when the self-correlation time of the noise is different from zero, the transition is also reentrant with respect to the spatial coupling D. In other words, at variance with what one expects for equilibrium phase transitions, a large enough value of D favors disorder. Moreover, except for a small region in the parameter subspace determined by the noise intensity and D, an increase in the self-correlation time usually preventsthe formation of an ordered state. These effects are supported by numerical simulations.Comment: 15 pages. 9 figures. To appear in Phys.Rev.

Optical and structural properties of new chalcohalide glasses

New class of chalcohalide glasses has been prepared in the GeS2–In2S3–CsI system with regard to their potential non-linear properties. The study of glass-forming region was undertaken to select glassy compositions, which present high non-linear (NL) optical properties with a low two-photon absorption. Thermal analyses, structural examination by Raman spectroscopy, non-linear optical measurements were investigated as a function of CsI contents. Introduction of CsI has shifted the band-gap edge towards the blue region of the absorption optical spectrum and therefore has limited the two-photon absorption. Their NL refractive index n2 are 60 times higher than silica glasses without any NL absorption. Moreover, second harmonic signal was observed in thermally poled samples similar to silica glass. However, this second order non-linearity is not temporally stable

Transforming chaos to periodic oscillations

We demonstrate that the dynamics of an autonomous chaotic class C laser can be controlled to a periodic state via external modulation of the pump. In the absence of modulation, above the chaos threshold, the laser exhibits Lorenz-like chaotic pulsations. The average amplitude and frequency of these pulsations depend on the pump power. We find that there exist parameter windows where modulation of the pump power extinguishes the chaos in favor of simpler periodic behavior. Moreover we find a number of locking ratios between the pump and laser output follow the Farey sequence

Spiral attractor created by vector solitons

Mode-locked lasers emitting a train of femtosecond pulses called dissipative solitons are an enabling technology for metrology, high-resolution spectroscopy, fibre optic communications, nano-optics and many other fields of science and applications. Recently, the vector nature of dissipative solitons has been exploited to demonstrate mode locked lasing with both locked and rapidly evolving states of polarisation. Here, for an erbium-doped fibre laser mode locked with carbon nanotubes, we demonstrate the first experimental and theoretical evidence of a new class of slowly evolving vector solitons characterized by a double-scroll chaotic polarisation attractor substantially different from Lorenz, Rössler and Ikeda strange attractors. The underlying physics comprises a long time scale coherent coupling of two polarisation modes. The observed phenomena, apart from the fundamental interest, provide a base for advances in secure communications, trapping and manipulation of atoms and nanoparticles, control of magnetisation in data storage devices and many other areas

Dynamics of coherently pumped lasers with linearly polarized pump and generated fields

The influence of light polarization on the dynamics of an optically pumped single-mode laser with a homogeneously broadened four-level medium is theoretically investigated in detail. Pump and laser fields with either parallel or crossed linear polarizations are considered, as are typical in far-infrared-laser experiments. Numerical simulations reveal dramatically different dynamic behaviors for these two polarization configurations. The analysis of the model equations allows us to find the physical origin of both behaviors. In particular, the crossed-polarization configuration is shown to be effective in decoupling the pump and laser fields, thus allowing for the appearance of Lorenz-type dynamics