490 research outputs found
Design of a fault tolerant airborne digital computer. Volume 2: Computational requirements and technology
This final report summarizes the work on the design of a fault tolerant digital computer for aircraft. Volume 2 is composed of two parts. Part 1 is concerned with the computational requirements associated with an advanced commercial aircraft. Part 2 reviews the technology that will be available for the implementation of the computer in the 1975-1985 period. With regard to the computation task 26 computations have been categorized according to computational load, memory requirements, criticality, permitted down-time, and the need to save data in order to effect a roll-back. The technology part stresses the impact of large scale integration (LSI) on the realization of logic and memory. Also considered was module interconnection possibilities so as to minimize fault propagation
The Influence of Frame Size on Growth and Carcass Characteristics of Swine Taken to Heavy Weights
In recent years progressive swine producers have sought a larger framed hog that matures at a heavier weight . In theory, these large framed pigs are leaner and maintain desirable feed/gain to heavier weights and therefore offer the flexibility to be marketed at heavier weights if favorable marketing conditions prevail. The study reported herein was designed to evaluate large and small framed pigs for growth and carcass characteristics when taken to a 300-pound slaughter weight
The Swedish Salmonella Control Program with Special Reference to Pig Meat Production
In 1953-1954 a severe Salmonella epidemic, involving almost 9000 people, occurred in Sweden. This event clearly demonstrated the need for a Salmonella control program. In 1961 the first governmental regulation concerning Salmonella control was implemented. A comprehensive description of the control program was presented at the International Course on Salmonella Control in Animal Production and Products (2). After joining the EEC some parts of the program were revised
Smartphone placement within vehicles
This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from the publisher via the DOI in this recordSmartphone-based driver monitoring is quickly gaining ground as a feasible alternative to competing in-vehicle and aftermarket solutions. Currently the main challenges for data analysts studying smartphone-based driving data stem from the mobility of the smartphone. In this paper, we use kernel-based k-means clustering to infer the placement of smartphones within vehicles. The trip segments are mapped into fifteen different placement clusters. As a part of the presented framework, we discuss practical considerations concerning e.g., trip segmentation, cluster initialization, and parameter selection. The proposed method is evaluated on more than 10 000 kilometers of driving data collected from approximately 200 drivers. To validate the interpretation of the clusters, we compare the data associated with different clusters and relate the results to real-world knowledge of driving behavior. The clusters associated with the label “Held by hand” are shown to display high gyroscope variances, low maximum speeds, low correlations between the measurements from smartphone-embedded and vehicle-fixed accelerometers, and short segment durations
Controlled Environment for Swine
Development of the Southeast South Dakota Experiment Farm near Centerville furnished an excellent opportunity to study swine housing management. Initial steps in a research program were construction of temporary houses and later the construction of a permanent, insulated, ventilated house with four different floor types. These structures have been used to gather data on the effects of floor-type and controlled environment on performance of growing-finishing pigs
Potential infection of grazing cattle via contaminated water: a theoretical modelling approach
Wastewater discharge and agricultural activities may pose microbial risks to natural water sources. The impact of different sources can be assessed by water quality modelling. The aim of this study was to use hydrological and hydrodynamic models to illustrate the risk of exposing grazing animals to faecal pollutants in natural water sources, using three zoonotic faecal pathogens as model microbes and fictitious pastures in Sweden as examples. Microbial contamination by manure from fertilisation and grazing was modelled by use of a hydrological model (HYPE) and a hydrodynamic model (MIKE 3 FM), and microbial contamination from human wastewater was modelled by application of both models in a backwards process. The faecal pathogens Salmonella spp., verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 (VTEC) and Cryptosporidium parvum were chosen as model organisms. The pathogen loads on arable land and pastures were estimated based on pathogen concentration in cattle faeces, herd prevalence and within-herd prevalence. Contamination from human wastewater discharge was simulated by estimating the number of pathogens required from a fictitious wastewater discharge to reach a concentration high enough to cause infection in cattle using the points on the fictitious pastures as their primary source of drinking water. In the scenarios for pathogens from animal sources, none of the simulated concentrations of salmonella exceeded the concentrations needed to infect adult cattle. For VTEC, most of the simulated concentrations exceeded the concentration needed to infect calves. For C. parvum, all the simulated concentrations exceeded the concentration needed to infect calves. The pathogen loads needed at the release points for human wastewater to achieve infectious doses for cattle were mostly above the potential loads of salmonella and VTEC estimated to be present in a 24-h overflow from a medium-size Swedish wastewater treatment plant, while the required pathogen loads of C. parvum at the release points were below the potential loads of C. parvum in a 24-h wastewater overflow. Most estimates in this study assume a worst-case scenario. Controlling zoonotic infections at herd level prevents environmental contamination and subsequent human exposure. The potential for infection of grazing animals with faecal pathogens has implications for keeping animals on pastures with access to natural water sources. As the infectious dose for most pathogens is more easily reached for calves than for adult animals, and young calves are also the main shedders of C. parvum, keeping young calves on pastures adjacent to natural water sources is best avoided
Relativistic nature of a magnetoelectric modulus of Cr_2O_3-crystals: a new 4-dimensional pseudoscalar and its measurement
Earlier, the magnetoelectric effect of chromium sesquioxide Cr_2O_3 has been
determined experimentally as a function of temperature. One measures the
electric field-induced magnetization on Cr_2O_3 crystals or the magnetic
field-induced polarization. From the magnetoelectric moduli of Cr_2O_3 we
extract a 4-dimensional relativistic invariant pseudoscalar
. It is temperature dependent and of the order of
10^{-4}/Z_0, with Z_0 as vacuum impedance. We show that the new pseudoscalar is
odd under parity transformation and odd under time inversion. Moreover,
is for Cr_2O_3 what Tellegen's gyrator is for two port
theory, the axion field for axion electrodynamics, and the PEMC (perfect
electromagnetic conductor) for electrical engineering.Comment: Revtex, 36 pages, 9 figures (submitted in low resolution, better
quality figures are available from the authors
Altered expression of T cell Immunoglobulin-Mucin (TIM) molecules in bronchoalveolar lavage CD4+ T cells in sarcoidosis
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licens
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