Coupled convective and radiative heating to superorbital entry vehicles

Coupled convective and radiative heating of suborbital entry vehicle

Digging Deeper: James Connolly in America

This project continued research into James Connolly\u27s time in America from 1902-1910. It focused on primary sources in the hopes to unearth things not found in the secondary writing on Connolly’s activities during this influential time. The O’Brien papers are an eclectic collection of primary documents from Connolly’s life, including letters between James Connolly and his friend John Matheson, correspondence with other socialists, and some of Connolly’s own writing. The New York Call was a daily socialist newspaper that contains ads for Connolly’s lectures and his magazine, The Harp, as well as meetings of his organization, the Irish Socialist Federation. Through these primary sources and others, more of James Connolly’s activities and perspectives during his time in America come to light

Move on up: Fingertip forces and felt heaviness are modulated by the goal of the lift

This is the final version. Available on open access from Springer via the DOI in this recordWhen we interact with objects, we usually do so for a purpose. It is well known that the specific goal of an action can have a substantial effect on initial reach kinematics. No research, however, has examined the effect that the goal of a lift can have on the fingertip forces and perception of object weight when picking up an object to move it. Here, we report a study in which participants were asked to move objects laterally to a higher platform, to a lower platform, or to a platform of the same height. The objects were rated, on average, as feeling heavier after they were moved to a higher platform than after they were moved to a lower platform or to a platform of the same height. Furthermore, participants gripped and lifted with more force, and used higher rates of force, when moving objects to a higher platform compared with moving it to a platform of the same height. These findings suggest that the goal of movement in the context of object interaction may affect how heavy an object feels and the way in which it is lifted

Flow field prediction and analysis, project fire final report

Flow field, and convective and radiative heating predictions for NASA Fire project reentry package trajectorie

Investigation of Pitot tubes

Report describes the principles of operation and characteristics of some of the instruments which have been devised or used to measure both low and high speeds of aeroplanes. Since the pitot tube is the instrument which has been most commonly used in the United States and Great Britain as a speedometer for aeroplanes, it is treated first and somewhat more fully than the others

Relaxation of a dewetting contact line Part 1: A full-scale hydrodynamic calculation

The relaxation of a dewetting contact line is investigated theoretically in the so-called "Landau-Levich" geometry in which a vertical solid plate is withdrawn from a bath of partially wetting liquid. The study is performed in the framework of lubrication theory, in which the hydrodynamics is resolved at all length scales (from molecular to macroscopic). We investigate the bifurcation diagram for unperturbed contact lines, which turns out to be more complex than expected from simplified 'quasi-static' theories based upon an apparent contact angle. Linear stability analysis reveals that below the critical capillary number of entrainment, Ca_c, the contact line is linearly stable at all wavenumbers. Away from the critical point the dispersion relation has an asymptotic behaviour sigma~|q| and compares well to a quasi-static approach. Approaching Ca_c, however, a different mechanism takes over and the dispersion evolves from |q| to the more common q^2. These findings imply that contact lines can not be treated as universal objects governed by some effective law for the macroscopic contact angle, but viscous effects have to be treated explicitly.Comment: 21 pages, 9 figure

Nonmetallic Diaphragms for Instruments

This report, the second of a series of reports relating to the general subject of instrument diaphragms. The first report of the series was published as Technical Report no. 165, "diaphragms for aeronautic instruments," and comprised an outline of historical developments and theoretical principles. The present report relates entirely to nonmetallic diaphragms, the use of which in certain types of pressure elements has been increasing for some time. Little, if any, information has been available to aid the designer of instruments using this form of pressure element. It was to attempt to meet the need for such information that the investigation reported in this paper was undertaken. The report describes the various materials which have been used as nonmetallic diaphragms, discusses the factors which affect the performance of the diaphragms and gives the results of tests made for the purpose of investigating the effect produced by these factors

A Posttermination Ribosomal Complex Is the Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor for Peptide Release Factor RF3

AbstractThe mechanism by which peptide release factor RF3 recycles RF1 and RF2 has been clarified and incorporated in a complete scheme for translation termination. Free RF3 is in vivo stably bound to GDP, and ribosomes in complex with RF1 or RF2 act as guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF). Hydrolysis of peptidyl-tRNA by RF1 or RF2 allows GTP binding to RF3 on the ribosome. This induces an RF3 conformation with high affinity for ribosomes and leads to rapid dissociation of RF1 or RF2. Dissociation of RF3 from the ribosome requires GTP hydrolysis. Our data suggest that RF3 and its eukaryotic counterpart, eRF3, have mechanistic principles in common

Cues and knowledge structures used by mental-health professionals when making risk assessments

Background: Research into mental-health risks has tended to focus on epidemiological approaches and to consider pieces of evidence in isolation. Less is known about the particular factors and their patterns of occurrence that influence clinicians’ risk judgements in practice. Aims: To identify the cues used by clinicians to make risk judgements and to explore how these combine within clinicians’ psychological representations of suicide, self-harm, self-neglect, and harm to others. Method: Content analysis was applied to semi-structured interviews conducted with 46 practitioners from various mental-health disciplines, using mind maps to represent the hierarchical relationships of data and concepts. Results: Strong consensus between experts meant their knowledge could be integrated into a single hierarchical structure for each risk. This revealed contrasting emphases between data and concepts underpinning risks, including: reflection and forethought for suicide; motivation for self-harm; situation and context for harm to others; and current presentation for self-neglect. Conclusions: Analysis of experts’ risk-assessment knowledge identified influential cues and their relationships to risks. It can inform development of valid risk-screening decision support systems that combine actuarial evidence with clinical expertise

Laser-induced splittings in the nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of the rare gases

Circularly polarized laser field causes a shift in the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of all substances. The shift is proportional to the intensity of the laser beam and yields oppositely signed values for left- and right-circularly polarized light, CPL -/+, respectively. Rapid switching -- in the NMR time scale -- between CPL+ and CPL- gives rise to a splitting of the NMR resonance lines. We present uncorrelated and correlated quadratic response calculations of the splitting per unit of beam intensity in the NMR spectra of $^{21}$Ne, $^{83}$Kr, and $^{129}$Xe. We study both the regions far away from and near to optical resonance and predict off-resonance shifts of the order 0.01, 0.1, and $1\times 10^{-6}$ Hz for $^{21}$Ne, $^{83}$Kr, and $^{129}$Xe, respectively, for a beam intensity of 10 W/cm$^2$. Enhancement by several orders of magnitude is predicted as the beam frequency approaches resonance. Only then can the effect on guest $^{129}$Xe atoms be potentially useful as a probe of the properties of the host material.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figur