Investigation of paramagnetic response of metallic epoxies

The paramagnetic properties of epoxies which were impregnated with metal ions were examined as the primary task in this research. A major conclusion was that the quality control of the epoxies was insufficient to permit reliable evaluation. Subsequently, a new set of specimens is being prepared. As an additional task, a new method is investigated for estimating heats of combustion for saturated hydrocarbons. The results of that investigation have shown that the empirical approach is a promising method for on-line measurements

Conduction investigations into the magnetic properties of matter

The thermal analysis of a heat exchanger for heating air to temperatures on the order of 3000 C for use in NASA's high temperature wind tunnel is presented. It was ascertained that an externally finned shell-and-tube type of heat exchanger with counterflow could be considered for this application. The methods of estimating the convective heat transfer coefficients are outlined in this report. As a part of thermal design the required size of heat exchanger was predicted. As a result of the extreme length required (approx. = 1/2 km), it was determined that a conventional heat exchanger may not be the most suitable tool for this application

Generating, Deepening, and Documenting Learning: The Power of Critical Reflection in Applied Learning

Applied learning pedagogies—including service-learning, internships/practica, study abroad, and undergraduate research—have in common both the potential for significant student learning and the challenges of facilitating and assessing that learning, often in non-traditional ways that involve experiential strategies outside the classroom as well as individualized outcomes. Critical reflection oriented toward well-articulated learning outcomes is key to generating, deepening, and documenting student learning in applied learning. This article will consider the meaning of critical reflection and principles of good practice for designing it effectively and will present a research-grounded, flexible model for integrating critical reflection and assessment

The Articulated Learning: An Approach to Guided Reflection and Assessment

The value of reflection on experience to enhance learning has been advanced for decades; however, it remains difficult to apply in practice. This paper describes a reflection model that pushes students beyond superficial interpretations of complex issues and facilitates academic mastery, personal growth, civic engagement, critical thinking, and the meaningful demonstration of learning. Although developed in a service-learning program, its general features can support reflection on a range of experiences. It is accessible to both students and instructors, regardless of discipline; and it generates written products that can be used for formative and summative assessment of student learning

Great Mining Camps of Canada 3. The History and Geology of the Cariboo Goldfield, Barkerville and Wells, BC

The discovery of placer gold deposits in the Cariboo in 1860, and the immediate realization of their importance, were directly responsible for the establishment of the Province of British Columbia, allowing Canada to expand from ‘Sea to Shining Sea.’ Later, in the early 1930s, the new lode gold mines helped rescue the province from bankruptcy during the Great Depression. The Cariboo Goldfield is one of the longest continuously productive mining camps in Canada (nearly 150 years). The Cariboo Goldfield, like the California Goldfield, manifests two styles of mineralization: 1) primary lode gold deposits, and 2) secondary placer deposits. In plan, the zone of lode deposits trends linearly about 6 km in a northwest–southeast direction, within an inverted boot-shaped cluster of placer deposits having a surface area of about 250 km2. Three zones of rich placer creeks also trend northwest– southeast within the goldfield, the most northeasterly of which envelopes the known lode trend. The Cariboo Goldfield encompasses two dominant rock domains–an upper or hanging-wall domain of late Paleozoic ophiolitic rocks, part of Slide Mountain Terrane, and a more widespread, lower or foot-wall domain of late Proterozoic to Paleozoic continental margin meta-sedimentary rocks, part of the Barkerville Terrane. In cross-section, the lode deposits are located in a sub-horizontal, terrane-bounding fault (suture or high-strain zone), which separates the hanging-wall and footwall domains. The vertical extent of the mineralized zone below this suture is half a kilo-metre or less. Gold occurs in both pyritic quartz veins and pyritic replacement deposits; the mineralogy of the ore is simple: gold-bearing (auriferous) pyrite and minor amounts of other sulfide minerals. Three lode mines in the goldfield are from southeast to northwest, the Cariboo Gold Quartz, Island Mountain and Mosquito Creek mines. Combined production from these mines between 1933 and 1987 is about 38.3 million grams (g) (1.23 million troy ounces) of gold and 3.16 million g (101 439 troy ounces) of silver, which would be worth more than one billion dollars at current prices (~US$900 gold). Major placer deposits are located largely along creeks in the Goldfield mostly lying in gutters on bedrock overlain by Late Tertiary gravels but gold is also redistributed within overlying glacial sediments. Gold nuggets exhibit diverse shapes, from irregular and drusy to rounded and hammered, indicative of varied histories of transport. Average fineness ranges from 830 to 950 [gold to gold+silver, pure gold = 1000]. Since 1860, placer mines probably produced more than 118.2 million g (3.8 million troy ounces) worth about 3.4 billion dollars at current prices. Adventuresome placer miners reached the south end of the Goldfield in the winter of 1860 and the major producing creeks were all discovered during the following year. Initial mining took place in shallow deposits along creeks but within a year some mining was underway in water saturated gravels to depths of 20 m. Production peaked in 1863 but has continued at diminished rates until today. As placer production tailed off, great efforts went into the search for lode deposits. Many mineralized, pyritic quartz veins were found with very fine-grained gold contained within pyrite, but quartz veins containing nugget gold typical of that found in the placers remained elusive. In spite of provincial government assistance by providing milling and roasting facilities to process the lode deposits, the technology of the day was inadequate to make the deposits economic. The lodes were not viable until cyanide treatment became available and the price of gold rose. The Cariboo Gold Quartz mine opened in January 1933 and Island Mountain in November 1934. The Cariboo Gold Quartz purchased the Island Mountain mine in 1959 and both mines continued producing until 1967 when they closed because of unfavourable economics. Higher gold prices resulted in the Mosquito Creek mine coming into production in 1980 and continuing until 1987, after prices had receded. Recent high gold prices have again stimulated significant exploration. Like all gold rushes, the Cariboo has had a cast of strong and interesting characters. Four of the most memorable include: Billy Barker, an early placer miner; Bill Hong, a later Chinese placer miner; Amos Bowman, the first geologist; and Fred Wells, a prospector and mining entrepreneur during the heyday of lode mining. The village of Barkerville, named after Billy Barker, is now the site of a provincial park and museum dedicated to the gold rush, and the nearby town of Wells, named after Fred Wells, now functions mainly as a base for seasonal tourism, some exploration, and minor placer mining. RÉSUMÉ La découverte des gisements aurifères dans la région de Cariboo en 1860, et la prise de conscience immédiate de leur importance, sont les causes directes de la création de la province de Colombie-Britannique, ce qui a permis au Canada de s’étendre « d’un océan à l’autre ». Puis, au début des années 1930, de nouvelles mines d’or filonien ont permis de sauver la province de la faillite durant la Grande crise. Le champ aurifère de Cariboo est l’un des camps miniers ayant été en production continue le plus longtemps au Canada (presque 150 ans). Le champ aurifère de Cariboo, comme le champ aurifère de Californie, comporte deux styles de minéralisation : 1) des gisements primaires d’or filoniens, et 2) des gisements secondaires placériens. En plan, la zone de gisements filoniens s’étire sur 6 km du nord-ouest vers le sud-est, au sein d’un essain de gisements placériens formant une botte inversée d’une superficie de 250 km2. Trois zones de ruisseaux de riches gisements d’or placériens s’étirent aussi du nordouest au sud-est au sein de la région aurifère, la plus au nord-est envelop-pant la zone de gisements filoniens. Le champ aurifère de Cariboo comprend deux domaines principaux de roches – à l’éponte supérieure, un domaine de roches ophiolitiques paléozoïques faisant partie du terrane de Slide Mountain, et à l’éponte inférieure, un domaine plus étendu de roches métasédimentaires de marge continentale de la fin du Protérozoïque et du Paléozoïque faisant partie du terrane de Barkerville. En coupe, on peut voir que les gisements filoniens sont situés dans la zone d’une faille subhorizontale (de suture ou de déformation intense) séparant les domaines des deux épontes. Verticalement, l’épaisseur de la zone minéralisée sous cette suture ne dépasse pas un demi kilomètre. L’or se présente tantôt dans des veines de quartz pyritiques et tantôt dans des gisements de remplacement pyritique; la minéralogie du minerai est simple : il s’agit de pyrite aurifère et de quantités mineures d’autres minéraux sulfurés. Dans le champ minier, du sudest vers le nord-ouest on trouve trois mines d’or filonien, soit les mines Cariboo Gold Quartz, Island Mountain et Mosquito Creek. La production combinée de ces trois mines entre 1933 et 1987 totalise environ 38,3 millions de grammes (1,23 onces troy) d’or et 3,16 millions de grammes (101 439 onces troy) d’argent, ce qui vaudrait plus d’un milliard de dollars au prix actuels (~900$ US l’once d’or). Les gisements placériens les plus importants sont situés surtout le long de ruisseaux du champ minier formant gouttière sur le substratum recouverts de graviers de la fin du Tertiaire, mais on trouve aussi de l’or remobilisé au sein des dépôts glaciaires sus-jacents. Les pépites d’or se présentent sous des formes diverses, allant d’irrégulières et drusiques à arrondies et martelées, selon l’historique de leur transport. En moyenne la pureté (titre) varie de 830 à 950 (or à or + argent, or pure=1000). Depuis 1860, les mines placériennes ont donné plus de 118,2 millions de grammes (3,8 millions d’onces troy), ce qui vaut environ 3,4 milliards de dollars aux prix actuels. Les chercheurs d’or les plus aventureux ont atteint la limite sud du champ minier à l’hiver de 1860, et les principaux ruisseaux producteurs ont tous été découverts durant l’année suivante. Au début, l’extraction s’est faite à partir des gisements peu pro-fonds le long des ruisseaux, mais en moins d’une année on a travaillé à partir de gisements de graviers saturés d’eau à des profondeurs de 20 m. La meilleur année de production a été 1863, mais la production s’est poursuivie jusqu’à maintenant à des rythmes moindres. Au fur et à mesure que la production placérienne baissait, on a investit de plus en plus d’efforts d’exploration en quête de gisements filoniens. On a trouvé de nombreux gisements filoniens de quarts minéralisés de pyrite renfermant des grains d’or très fins, sans que l’on puisse trouver des gisements filoniens de quartz renfermant des pépites d’or comme celles des gisements d’or placériens. En dépit de l’aide gouvernemental provinciale qui a fourni des installations de concassage et de grillage du minerai filonien, la technologie d’alors n’en permettait pas une exploitation profitable. L’exploitation des gisements filoniens sont demeurés non rentables jusqu’à l’avènement du traitement par cyanure et la hausse du prix. La mine Cariboo Gold Quartz a été inaugurée en janvier 1933 et la mine Island Mountain en novembre 1934. La mine Cariboo Gold Quartz a acheté la mine Island Mountain en 1959 et les deux exploitations ont continué leurs opérations jusqu’à leur fermeture en 1967 à cause d’un contexte économique défavorable. De meilleurs prix pour l’or ont permis l’ouverture de la mine Mosquito Creek en 1980, opérations qui ont continuées jusqu’en 1987, jusqu’à une baisse insoutenable du prix de l’or. La remontée récente des prix a encore une fois stimulé des investissements significatifs en exploration. Comme toutes les ruées vers l’or, celle de la région de Cariboo a eu ses personnages intéressants. En voici quatre parmi les plus illustres : Billy Parker, un des premiers mineurs; Bill Hong, un mineur placérien arrivé plus tard; Amos Bowman, le premier géologue; et Fred Wells, un prospecteur et entrepreneur minier de l’âge d’or de l’exploitation minière filonienne. Le village de Bakerville, du nom de Billy Barker, est maintenant le site d’un parc provincial et d’un musée dédié à la ruée vers l’or, et non loin de là, la petite ville de Wells, du nom de Fred Wells, doit son existence surtout au tourisme saisonnier, à l’exploration minérale et à quelques activités mineures d’extraction de placers

Desain Ilustrasi Tokoh Suryaputra Karna Mahabharata

The positive values of life are embodied in culture and literary works that contain life values and also knowledge that has an influence on human life until now. Mahabharata is one of two ancient literary works originating from India, apart from Ramayana, as for several versions of this Mahabharata story. Mahabharata tells the story of the conflicts of the five Pandavas with Pandawa cousins namely 100 Kauravas, regarding the dispute over the rights of the Hasstinapura court government. Suryaputra Karna is one of the knights in the Mahabharata story and plays an important role in the storyline. The meaning of life that can be taken very much in the journey of life Karna, this design describes the meaning of heroism owned by Suryaputra Karna in the Mahabharata story. The conclusion obtained from this design, tells Karna's journey through many trials, slanders, and others that ultimately show the value of the character owned by Karna as an antagonist who can become a better figure and save or solve existing problems. The importance of the purpose of this design aims to preserve Karna characters and folklore that can be adapted into other media and can be easily accepted by teenagers today. Nilai positif kehidupan terkandung dalam budaya dan karya sastra yang mengandung nilai kehidupan dan juga ilmu pengetahuan yang berpengaruh dalam kehidupan manusia hingga saat ini. Mahabharata merupakan salah satu dari dua karya sastra kuno yang berasal dari India, selain dari Ramayana, adapun beberapa versi dari cerita Mahabharata ini. Mahabharata menceritakan kisah konflik para Pandawa lima dengan saudara sepupu Pandawa yaitu 100 Korawa, mengenai sengketa hak pemerintahan istana Hasstinapura. Suryaputra Karna adalah salah satu kesatria yang ada di dalam cerita Mahabharata dan berperan penting terhadap jalan ceritanya. Makna kehidupan yang dapat diambil sangatlah banyak di dalam perjalanan hidup Karna, perancangan ini mendeskripsikan makna kepahlawanan yang dimiliki oleh Suryaputra Karna di dalam cerita Mahabharata. Kesimpulan yang didapatkan dari perancangan ini, menceritakan perjalanan Karna yang melalui banyak cobaan, fitnah, dan lainnya yang pada akhirnya memperlihatkan nilai tokoh yang dimiliki Karna sebagai antagonis yang dapat menjadi tokoh yang lebih baik dan menyelamatkan atau menyelesaikan masalah yang ada. Pentingnya tujuan perancangan ini bertujuan untuk melestarikan tokoh Karna dan cerita rakyat yang dapat diadaptasi menjadi media lainnya dan dapat mudah diterima oleh kalangan remaja saat ini.&nbsp

MemSum: Extractive Summarization of Long Documents using Multi-step Episodic Markov Decision Processes

We introduce MemSum (Multi-step Episodic Markov decision process extractive SUMmarizer), a reinforcement-learning-based extractive summarizer enriched at any given time step with information on the current extraction history. Similar to previous models in this vein, MemSum iteratively selects sentences into the summary. Our innovation is in considering a broader information set when summarizing that would intuitively also be used by humans in this task: 1) the text content of the sentence, 2) the global text context of the rest of the document, and 3) the extraction history consisting of the set of sentences that have already been extracted. With a lightweight architecture, MemSum nonetheless obtains state-of-the-art test-set performance (ROUGE score) on long document datasets (PubMed, arXiv, and GovReport). Supporting analysis demonstrates that the added awareness of extraction history gives MemSum robustness against redundancy in the source document

Trajectories of objectively measured physical activity in free-living older men.

BACKGROUND: The steep decline in physical activity (PA) among the oldest old is not well understood; there is little information about the patterns of change in PA and sedentary behaviour (SB) in older people. Longitudinal data on objectively measured PA data can give insights about how PA and SB change with age. METHODS: Men age 70-90 yr, from a United Kingdom population-based cohort wore a GT3X accelerometer over the hip annually on up to three occasions (56%, 50%, and 51% response rates) spanning 2 yr. Multilevel models were used to estimate change in activity. Men were grouped according to achieving ≥150 min·wk of MVPA in bouts of ≥10 min (current guidelines) at two or three time points. RESULTS: A total of 1419 ambulatory men had ≥600 min wear time on ≥3 d at ≥2 time points. At baseline, men took 4806 steps per day and spent 72.5% of their day in SB, 23.1% in light PA, and 4.1% in moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA). Mean change per year was -341 steps, +1.1% SB, -0.7% light PA, and -0.4% MVPA each day (all P 30 min increased from 5.1 by 0.1 per year (P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Among older adults, the steep decline in total PA occurred because of reductions in MVPA, while light PA is relatively spared and sedentary time and long sedentary bouts increase

Application of modern control and nonlinear estimation techniques

Control and nonlinear estimation techniques applied to optimal guidance of low thrust spacecraft, planetary soft landings, and feedback systems desig