The Effects of Oxidative Stress in Urinary Tract Infection During Pregnancy

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of urinary tract infection (UTI) on antioxidant systems and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels during pregnancy. We also investigated if these antioxidant systems and LPO levels differed in each trimester. One hundred forty-three nonpregnant women, as a control group, and 77 pregnant women were included in the study. Urine cultures were performed according to standard techniques. Catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and LPO levels were measured using a spectrophotometer. UTI was observed in 14 of 77 pregnant women and the isolated microorganisms were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus saprophyticus. CAT, SOD, and LPO levels were increased in pregnant women compared with nonpregnant women (P < .01). CAT, SOD activities, and LPO levels were increased from the first trimester to the third trimester in pregnancy without UTI. However, CAT and SOD activities were decreased, LPO levels were increased from the first trimester to the third trimester in pregnancy with UTI (P < .01). Pregnancy causes oxidative stress and also UTI during pregnancy may aggravate oxidative stress

Nurses' perceptions of aids and obstacles to the provision of optimal end of life care in ICU

Contains fulltext : 172380.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access

Turkish Expressive and Receptive Language Test: I. Standardization, Reliability and Validity Study of the Receptive Vocabulary Sub-Scale

Objective: A reliable, valid and original test to assess the receptive vocabulary skills of children in Turkey was not available. Thus, the purpose of the current study was to develop a receptive vocabulary test for Turkish children based on the Turkish language

A 52-year old Turkish with acute chest pain and right bundle branch block was described GOGUS AGRISI AYIRICI TANISINDA AILEVI AKDENIZ ATESI

She was admitted to the coronary care unit with the diagnosis of unstable angina pectoris. On the second day of hospitalization, Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) was diagnosed with her past history of recurrent attacks of fever, abdominal pain, chest pain and myalgias and the demonstation of pericardial effusion with acute phase response. Although pericarditis is not a frequent feature of FMF, it may cause a confusion in the differential diagnosis of acute chest pain like the well-known confusion in peritonitis attacks and acute abdomen

Serum IL-6 level may have role in the pathophysiology of unexplained infertility

PubMed: 19706022The aim of this study was to compare the serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6 of women with unexplained infertility with fertile subjects. Serum IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?) levels of 45 infertile and 44 fertile women on day 3 of menstrual cycle were assessed and compared for this prospective controlled study. The mean serum IL-6 level was significantly higher in women with unexplained infertility, compared with fertile women (5.71 ± 1.81 and 4.31 ± 1.79, P < 0.001, Student's t-test). There was no significant difference in TNF-? level among the groups. Significant difference in serum IL-6 levels between unexplained infertile and fertile women suggests that this cytokine may be involved in pathophysiology of unexplained infertility. © 2009 John Wiley & Sons A/S

Production, purification and characterisation of thermostable metallo-protease from newly isolated Bacillus sp. KG5

Background: Due to the importance of microbial proteases in biotechnological applications, a number of microorganisms are being explored. The production, purification and characterisation of extracellular metallo-proteases by producing Bacillus sp. KG5 was studied.\ud \ud Material and Methods: Bacterial strain KG5 was isolated from Kos (Bingol) hot spring. The strain KG5 was identified by morphological, physiological, biochemical and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The effects of various parameters on protease production, such as time, temperature, pH, carbon and nitrogen sources and CaCl2 were studied. The enzyme was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation and Sephadex G-75 gel permeation chromatography. Molecular weight was calculated by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and zymographic analysis. The effects of some metal ions, chelators and inhibitors on enzyme activity were determined.\ud \ud Results: The optimum temperature, pH and incubation period for protease production were 40-45°C, 7.0 and 24 h, respectively. It was determined that the best nitrogen sources were yeast extract and urea, while the best carbon sources were lactose and galactose. However, glucose as a source of carbon was found to inhibit the production of the enzyme. The maximum enzyme production was increased in the presence of CaCl2. The molecular weight of purified enzyme was found to be approximately 48 kDa. It was found that the enzyme was fully stable in the presence of 2 mM CaCl2 at 50°C after 120 min. Purified protease was significantly activated by Ca2+ and Mg2+, while it was greatly inhibited by Cu2+, Zn2+, Hg2+ and SDS as well as by the metal ion chelators ethylenediaminetetraacetic (EDTA) and 1,10-phenanthroline. Phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF) had a little effect on the enzyme.\ud \ud Conclusions: Our findings suggest the potential of this isolate for protease production and that this enzyme may be suitable for biotechnological applications

A new Fine-Kinney-based risk assessment framework using FAHP-FVIKOR incorporation

The most crucial step of a risk assessment process that follows identifying the scope of assessment and hazards is the initial risk assessment, particularly with a risk scoring system. The Fine-Kinney method is a comprehensive method for quantitative evaluations to aid in controlling hazards. In this risk assessment method, the risk value is calculated by considering the parameters of the consequence of an accident (C), the exposure or frequency of occurrence of a hazard event that could lead to an accident (E) and the probability of a hazardous event (P). The classical Fine-Kinney method has a limitation in that it assigns an equal weight to these three parameters. Therefore, we propose a new risk assessment method incorporating a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) with fuzzy VIKOR (FVIKOR). FAHP was used in weighting these risk parameters derived from the Fine-Kinney method. The priority orders of hazards were determined by a FVIKOR method. The proposed method enables group decision-making in assessing hazards and uses relative importance among three risk parameters by pair-wise comparison of Buckley's FAHP. Owing to the difficulty in evaluating C, E and P, linguistic terms are used in the proposed method. In addition, a case study of the evaluation of risks in the arms industry is used to illustrate the proposed method. A comparison with the classical method and fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity of an ideal solution (FTOPSIS) is discussed. The results show that the proposed method is effective in helping stakeholders to determine the risk control policies to validate the effectiveness of their risk controls. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Recovery from complex ore by floatation

The lead-zinc ore sample containing 3.45% Pb, 3.15% Zn, 12.2 g/t Au and 256 g/t Ag was subjected to this experimental study and taken from Bolkardağ-Niğde, south eastern part of Anatolia. According to the mineralogical studies, the representative ore sample contains primarily native gold, electrum, native silver, and argentojarosite as gold and silver minerals, cerusite, anglesite, galena, pyromorphite, mimetite and plumbojarosite as lead minerals, smithsonite, hydrozincite, hemimorphite, adamite and sphalerite as zinc minerals, limonite, hematite, goethite, pyrite, magnetite and siderite as lead minerals and quartz, feldspar, albite and muscovite as gangue minerals. Beneficiation of complex lead and zinc ore was investigated using flotation method. Various parameters such as particle size, flotation stages, collector type, collector amount, control reagents were investigated to recover of gold and silver bearing minerals. At the end of the experimental studies, the flotation experiments performed with Aero 208 + Aerophine 3418 A (350 + 350 g/t) collectors at pH 4.5 gave the best result. –38 microns particle size and 1000 g/t of Na2SiO3 as depressant were used at these conditions. At the end of the experiments, a process was designed for evaluation of the ore. According to the process, a concentrate having 920 g/t Au and 10100 g/t Ag can be obtained with the recoveries of 54.1% and 31.1%, respectively