Brain mechanisms of successful recognition through retrieval of semantic context

Episodic memory is associated with the encoding and retrieval of context information and with a subjective sense of reexperiencing past events. The neural correlates of episodic retrieval have been extensively studied using fMRI, leading to the identification of a "general recollection network" including medial temporal, parietal, and prefrontal regions. However, in these studies, it is difficult to disentangle the effects of context retrieval from recollection. In this study, we used fMRI to determine the extent to which the recruitment of regions in the recollection network is contingent on context reinstatement. Participants were scanned during a cued recognition test for target words from encoded sentences. Studied target words were preceded by either a cue word studied in the same sentence (thus congruent with encoding context) or a cue word studied in a different sentence (thus incongruent with encoding context). Converging fMRI results from independently defined ROIs and whole-brain analysis showed regional specificity in the recollection network. Activity in hippocampus and parahippocampal cortex was specifically increased during successful retrieval following congruent context cues, whereas parietal and prefrontal components of the general recollection network were associated with confident retrieval irrespective of contextual congruency. Our findings implicate medial temporal regions in the retrieval of semantic context, contributing to, but dissociable from, recollective experience

Detection and genome characterization of iPotato virus/i Y isolates infecting potato (iSolanum tuberosum/i L.) in La Union (Antioquia, Colombia)

Potato virus Y (PVY) is one of the most severe viruses affecting the production of potato (Solanum tuberosum) in the world. This study presents a detailed molecular analysis using nextgeneration sequencing (NGS), IC-RT-qPCR and RT-PCR on the PVY isolates infecting seed-tubers and foliage of potato plants cv. Diacol-Capiro in La Union (Antioquia, Colombia). Analysis of incidence by IC-RT-qPCR in 15 random leaf samples of three cultivation plots and fifteen sprouting tuber eye-buds reveal infection levels between 13.4 and 80%; a higher incidence of 86.7% was observed in seed-tuber samples with threshold cycle (Ct) values as low as 24.3. Genome assembly from a bulk of foliage samples resulted in a consensus PVY genome (PVY_LaUnionF) of 9,702 nt and 399 polymorphic sites within the polyprotein ORF; while the assembled genome from sprouts of tubers has 9,704 nt (PVY_LaUnionT) and contained only six polymorphic nucleotide sites. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrates that the PVY isolates from leaf samples are in the recombinant PVYNTN group (sequence identity 99%); while those from tuber sprouts are in the PVYN/NTN group with identities above 95%. Sanger sequencing of viral capsid suggests the presence of a third variant related to PVYO, a prevalent strain reported in potato fields worldwide

The GALANTE Photometric System

This paper describes the characterization of the GALANTE photometric system, a seven intermediate- and narrow-band filter system with a wavelength coverage from 3000 $\r{A}$ to 9000 $\r{A}$ . We describe the photometric system presenting the full sensitivity curve as a product of the filter sensitivity, CCD, telescope mirror, and atmospheric transmission curves, as well as some first- and second-order moments of this sensitivity function. The GALANTE photometric system is composed of four filters from the J-PLUS photometric system, a twelve broad-to-narrow filter system, and three exclusive filters, specifically designed to measure the physical parameters of stars such as effective temperature $T_{\rm eff}$, $\log(g)$, metallicity, colour excess $E(4405-5495)$, and extinction type $R_{5495}$. Two libraries, the Next Generation Spectral Library (NGSL) and the one presented in Ma\'iz Apell\'aniz & Weiler (2018), have been used to determine the transformation equations between the Sloan Digital Sky Survey ($\textit{SDSS}$) $\textit{ugriz}$ photometry and the GALANTE photometric system. We will use this transformation to calibrate the zero points of GALANTE images. To this end, a preliminary photometric calibration of GALANTE has been made based on two different $\textit{griz}$ libraries ($\textit{SDSS}$ DR12 and ATLAS All-Sky Stellar Reference Catalog, hereinafter $\textit{RefCat2}$). A comparison between both zero points is performed leading us to the choice of $\textit{RefCat2}$ as the base catalogue for this calibration, and applied to a field in the Cyg OB2 association.Comment: Accepted in MNRA

Conductas apropiadas en Educación Física y el deporte en la escuela y validación de la escala

El propósito del presente trabajo de investigación es conocer y examinar las conductas apropiadas desde la perspectiva de los alumnos y alumnas, sus conductas en el aula, en Educación Física y deportes y de habilidades sociales, así como determinar la validez y abilidad del “Cuestionario sobre Conducta Apropiada en la Educación Física y el Deporte (CAEFD)”. La muestra se compuso de 352 alumnos y alumnas de 6o de Educación Primaria en seis centros educativos de Albacete. Los resultados muestran por un lado la importancia entre las habilidades sociales y los va- lores así como las actitudes percibidas por el alumnado y profesorado hacia las conductas apropiadas. Y respecto al cuestionario, los análisis estadísticos indicaron una moderada consistencia de la escala.

Sublittoral soft bottom communities and diversity of Mejillones Bay in northern Chile (Humboldt Current upwelling system)

The macrozoobenthos of Mejillones Bay (23°S; Humboldt Current) was quantitatively investigated over a 7-year period from austral summer 1995/1996 to winter 2002. About 78 van Veen grab samples taken at six stations (5, 10, 20 m depth) provided the basis for the analysis of the distribution of 60 species and 28 families of benthic invertebrates, as well as of their abundance and biomass. Mean abundance (2,119 individuals m-2) was in the same order compared to a previous investigation; mean biomass (966 g formalin wet mass m-2), however, exceeded prior estimations mainly due to the dominance of the bivalve Aulacomya ater. About 43% of the taxa inhabited the complete depth range. Mean taxonomic Shannon diversity (H', Log e) was 1.54 ± 0.58 with a maximum at 20 m (1.95 ± 0.33); evenness increased with depth. The fauna was numerically dominated by carnivorous gastropods, polychaetes and crustaceans (48%). About 15% of the species were suspensivorous, 13% sedimentivorous, 11% detritivorous, 7% omnivorous and 6% herbivorous. Cluster analyses showed a significant difference between the shallow and the deeper stations. Gammarid amphipods and the polychaete family Nephtyidae characterized the 5-mzone, the molluscs Aulacomya ater, Mitrella unifasciata and gammarids the intermediate zone, while the gastropod Nassarius gayi and the polychaete family Nereidae were most prominent at the deeper stations. The communities of the three depth zones did not appear to be limited by hypoxia during non-El Niño conditions. Therefore, no typical change in community structure occurred during El Niño 1997–1998, in contrast to what was observed for deeper faunal assemblages and hypoxic bays elsewhere in the coastal Humboldt Current system

Expression, purification and initial characterization of human serum albumin domain I and its cysteine 34

Human serum albumin presents in its primary structure only one free cysteine (Cys34) which constitutes the most abundant thiol of plasma. An antioxidant role can be attributed to this thiol, which is located in domain I of the protein. Herein we expressed domain I as a secretion protein using the yeast Pichia pastoris. In the initial step of ammonium sulfate precipitation, a brown pigment co-precipitated with domain I. Three chromatographic methods were evaluated, aiming to purify domain I from the pigment and other contaminants. Purification was achieved by cation exchange chromatography. The protein behaved as a noncovalent dimer. The primary sequence of domain I and the possibility of reducing Cys34 to the thiol state while avoiding the reduction of internal disulfides were confirmed by mass spectrometry. The reactivity of the thiol towards the disulfide 5,5´-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoate) was studied and compared to that of full-length albumin. A ~24-fold increase in the rate constant was observed for domain I with respect to the entire protein. These results open the door to further characterization of the Cys34 thiol and its oxidized derivatives

An approach to age and growth of south Atlantic swordfish (Xiphias gladius) stock

A first growth function was estimated for the South Atlantic swordfish stock. A total of 406 anal fins were collected from 2006 to 2013. Fins were classified into three types and the most common, type A, was selected. Biometric relationships among several ray section measurements and lower jaw fork length were analysed. A detailed methodological description for swordfish age interpretation has been developed. Inconclusive results have been obtained when indirect validation test, as edge type and marginal increment ratio analysis, were applied. Mean size at age and growth parameters were estimated using the Standard Von Bertalanffy growth model (VBGM) (L∞= 358.7, k= 0.092, t0= -1.929), which showed the best fit in comparison with other VBGMs

Nitrate mass balance in agricultural areas of intensive fertilizer application: the North Maresme aquifer system case study (Spain)

Nitrate pollution is a worldwide problem in groundwater, as it may limit water supply and increase health risk when high concentrations are present. The North Maresme coastal alluvial groundwater-dependent agrosystem, one of the most heavily nitrate polluted aquifers in Spain, is located 70 km northeast from Barcelona. Field monitoring campaigns performed in this aquifer yielded nitrate concentrations up to ten times the permitted limit for drinking water suggested by the World Health Organization (50 mg/l), with a maximum concentration of 567 mg/l and a mean of 137.5 mg/l. Nitrate contamination was quantified by means of a mass balance, taking into account the main hydrogeological and anthropogenic processes that control the behavior of this ion in the aquifer, such as recharge, groundwater extraction, irrigation and fertilizer application to crops. Nitrate balance is an integrative approach for assessing nitrate loading based on linking different sources of nitrates to a groundwater balance. This methodology considers nitrate as a conservative ion because the geological-geochemical medium behaves under oxidant conditions. Results show that the studied aquifer system receives, yields and retains approximately 935, 844 and 91 tons of NO3- / year, respectively. This methodology can be applied to other nitrate-contaminated aquifers with similar conditions to improve management of fertilizers practices in areas of intensive agriculture

CD133-directed CAR T-cells for MLL Leukemia: On-Target, Off-Tumor Myeloablative Toxicity

Acknowledgements: We thank the Interfant treatment protocol and local physicians for contributing patient samples: Dr. Ronald W Stam (Princess Maxima Centre, Utrech), Dr. Mireia Camos and Dr. Jose Luis Fuster (Spanish Society of Pediatric Hematoncology), Dr. Paola Ballerini (A. Trousseau Hospital, Paris). We also thank Prof. Paresh Vyas (Oxford Univeristy, UK) and Prof. Kajsa Paulsson (Lund University, Sweden) for facilitating access to their RNA-seq database. This work has been supported by the European Research Council (CoG-2014-646903, PoC-2018-811220) to PM, the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO, SAF-SAF2016-80481-R, BIO2017-85364-R) to PM and EE, the Generalitat de Catalunya (SGR330, SGR102 and PERIS) to PM and EE, the Spanish Association against cancer (AECC-CI-2015) to CB, and the Health Institute Carlos III (ISCIII/FEDER, PI14-01191) to CB. PM also acknowledges financial support from the Obra Social La Caixa-Fundaciò Josep Carreras. SRZ and TV are supported by a Marie Curie fellowships. OM is supported by the Catalan Government through a Beatriu de Pinos fellowship. MB is supported by MINECO through a PhD scholarship. PM is an investigator of the Spanish Cell Therapy cooperative network (TERCEL)