52 research outputs found
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Europeâs new investment policy faces an uncertain future
An analysis of the recent European FTAs reveals important trends in the development of a unified European investment policy, which includes an unprecedented âmarket liberalizationâ approach. Facing mounting criticism of international investment law and rising dissatisfaction in EU member states, the future of these new trends may be bleak
Identité et itinérance : les stratégies identitaires dans le processus de désinsertion sociale
L'identitĂ© individuelle rĂ©sulte d'un processus complexe qui s'Ă©bauche et se parfait Ă travers le rapport dialectique quâentretient l'individu Ă l'autre. Au fil des interactions, l'individu - Ă la fois ĂȘtre singulier et membre d'une collectivitĂ© â est façonnĂ© par et pour le social. Toutefois, dans une sociĂ©tĂ© essentiellement axĂ©e sur la performance professionnelle et sur la rĂ©ussite personnelle, certains individus ne trouvent pas lâoccasion de participer pleinement au monde social. Exclus Ă divers degrĂ©s des principaux vecteurs d'inscription sociale que reprĂ©sentent, le travail, la consommation et la participation Ă un rĂ©seau relationnel, ces derniers se voient apposer l'Ă©tiquette de perdants. Parmi ceux-ci, ceux que l'on dĂ©signe comme Ă©tant « les itinĂ©rants » sont certainement les plus visibles. Socialement stigmatisĂ©es, les personnes en situation d'itinĂ©rance doivent apprendre Ă composer avec le fait de ne pas correspondre Ă l'image de l'autre idĂ©al. En analysant le discours de dix-sept hommes en situation d'itinĂ©rance, ce mĂ©moire propose d'explorer ce que reprĂ©sente l'itinĂ©rance du point de vue des personnes en situation d'itinĂ©rance, de quelle façon ces personnes portent-elles le poids de la stigmatisation sociale, quelles stratĂ©gies dĂ©ploient-elles afin d'Ă©chapper Ă l'effet dĂ©vastateur de la stigmatisation sur leur identitĂ© et quelles sont les Ă©tapes qui ponctuent leur parcours dans l'itinĂ©rance.\ud
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MOTS-CLĂS DE LâAUTEUR : IdentitĂ©, ItinĂ©rance, Exclusion sociale, DĂ©sinsertion sociale, Stigmatisation, RĂŽle, StratĂ©gies identitaires
L'individu dans les rouages de l'objectivation : déficience intellectuelle, justice pénale et travail en réseau
Lâapparente prolifĂ©ration dâindividus dits « Ă profil complexe » dans des lieux de rĂ©gulation tels la prison, lâhĂŽpital psychiatrique ou la rue nâest pas sans lien avec les changements de pratiques discursives dĂ©crivant le rapport des individus aux institutions et, par extension, leur rapport Ă la sociĂ©tĂ©. Puisquâon lâapprĂ©hende dĂ©sormais sous lâangle de sa singularitĂ©, lâindividu qui pose socialement problĂšme apparait multiproblĂ©matique, complexe, lourd Ă gĂ©rer et difficile Ă satisfaire. Devant un individu qui cumule plusieurs statuts problĂ©matiques (ex. : dĂ©linquant, dĂ©ficient, malade, dangereux, vulnĂ©rable), mais qui est considĂ©rĂ© avant tout comme un citoyen, la mĂ©canique institutionnelle, qui unifiait lâindividu, sa problĂ©matique et la rĂ©ponse institutionnelle qui lui Ă©tait dĂ©diĂ©e, sâenraye. Les logiques de rĂ©gulation dĂ©ployĂ©es autour de lâindividu dit problĂ©matique se multiplient et la question de la lĂ©gitimitĂ© de lâintervention se pose. Devant un individu, singuliĂšrement problĂ©matique, qui fait quoi et surtout, au nom de quoi? Ă partir du cas de figure de personnes composant avec une dĂ©ficience intellectuelle qui entrent en contact avec la justice pĂ©nale, cette thĂšse porte sur la gestion contemporaine dâindividus dits problĂ©matiques et sur le processus dâobjectivation de la rĂ©alitĂ© qui Ă©mane de la mise en rĂ©seau dâexpertises (disciplinaires, professionnelles, expĂ©rientielles) variĂ©es.The apparent proliferation of so-called "complex-profile" individuals in regulatory settings such as prisons, psychiatric wards and streets is not unrelated to discursive practices changes regarding those individualsâ relation to these institutions, and by extension, the society. Since now observed from the stance of their singularity, this individual that raises a social problem appears to be multiple problems related, complex, cumbersome, and difficult to satisfy. When facing cases of individuals multiplying problematic statuses (i.e.: delinquent, disabled, ill, dangerous, vulnerable), but above all regarded as citizens, the institutional machinery, that use to consolidate the individual with his problem and the institutional response, now jams. The regulatory logics deployed around the so-called problematic individual are multiplied and the interventionâs legitimacy, challenged. Faced with a singularly problematic individual, who does what, and most of all, in what name? Drawing upon the case of people with intellectual disabilities facing the criminal justice system, this doctoral thesis deals with the contemporary management of so-called problematic individuals and the objectivation process of reality that arises from expertise networking (disciplinary, professional, experiential)
Ontologie, politique et utopie : analyse comparée de la pensée de Ernst Bloch et Hans Jonas
Ce mĂ©moire cherche Ă illustrer les transformations de la pensĂ©e politique Ă travers l'expĂ©rience du XXe siĂšcle, particuliĂšrement en Allemagne. Pour ce faire, nous avons choisi d'analyser la pensĂ©e de Ernst Bloch et Hans Jonas, deux auteurs qui sont liĂ©s par leur tentative semblable de renouveler la conception des projets politiques en adoptant une posture critique par rapport Ă la philosophie de leur Ă©poque, spĂ©cifiquement Ă propos du concept d'utopie. Dans les deux premiers chapitres, nous insistons sur les fondements philosophiques de ce renouvellement critique. Pour Bloch, un tel renouvellement implique de refonder le matĂ©rialisme dialectique sur le principe de puissance, concept tirĂ© d'une interprĂ©tation « de gauche » d'Aristote. Il Ă©labore donc une ontologie de l'utopie-concrĂšte qui cherche Ă ouvrir sur le futur, sur l'Ătre en puissance et sur le non-encore-ĂȘtre ; ontologie traversĂ©e par l'affect d'espĂ©rance qui selon lui doit ĂȘtre puisĂ© Ă mĂȘme une comprĂ©hension athĂ©e des mouvements religieux judĂ©o-chrĂ©tiens hĂ©rĂ©tiques. Pour Jonas, renouveler la perception philosophique des projets d'avenir c'est d'abord fonder une Ă©thique anti-utopique visant la prĂ©servation de l'humanitĂ© de la menace que l'agir technologique fait peser sur elle. Cela implique de lier l'ĂȘtre de l'homme Ă la nature, elle-mĂȘme liĂ©e Ă la divinitĂ© Ă travers la crĂ©ation et l'Ă©volution, et ainsi retrouver dans l'ĂȘtre un principe Ă©thique transcendant. Bref, Jonas pense une ontologie de la clĂŽture : fin de l'indĂ©termination Ă©thique, voire du nihilisme, pour la fin de la crise engendrĂ©e par l'imminente menace Ă la survie humaine. Dans le troisiĂšme chapitre, nous examinons comment ces positions ontologiques radicales concernant l'utopie se traduisent sur le plan politique en une opposition ferme entre espĂ©rance et responsabilitĂ©, comment encore une telle opposition est Ă la fois symptomatique du contexte de son apparition et rĂ©vĂ©latrice, voire inquiĂ©tante, pour la sociĂ©tĂ© du futur. Il apparaĂźt que malgrĂ© les limitations de l'anti-utopisme intransigeant et les failles de l'utopisme naĂŻf, le dĂ©bat entre Bloch et Jonas est porteur d'un questionnement qui est en soi important. Au final donc, la radicalitĂ© de l'opposition entre espĂ©rance et responsabilitĂ© renvoie aussi Ă la similaritĂ© des questionnements qui font naĂźtre ces positions et Ă l'importance d'une telle rĂ©flexion. \ud
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MOTS-CLĂS DE LâAUTEUR : Utopie, ontologie, principe espĂ©rance, principe responsabilitĂ©, politique
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An analysis of the recent European FTAs reveals important trends in the development of a unified European investment policy, which includes an unprecedented âmarket liberalizationâ approach. Facing mounting criticism of international investment law and rising dissatisfaction in EU member states, the future of these new trends may be bleak
Anxiety following mild traumatic brain injury
Purpose/Objective: The goals of the present study were (1) to document the prevalence of
anxiety-related disorders and anxiety symptoms at 4, 8, and 12 months post-injury in individuals
with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) while considering pre-injury history of anxiety disorders
and (2) to verify whether the presence of anxiety in the first months following mTBI was
associated with more symptoms present one year after the injury. Research Method/Design:
One hundred and twenty participants hospitalized after an accident and having sustained mTBI
were assessed at 4, 8, and 12 months post-accident with the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric
Interview, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and questionnaires assessing fatigue,
irritability, perceived stress, cognitive difficulties, depression, insomnia, and pain. Results: At 4
months, 23.8% of participants presented with at least one anxiety-related disorder compared to
15.2% at 8 months and 11.2% at 12 months. Overall, 32.5% presented with at least one anxiety
disorder over the first 12 months post-mTBI. Participants with a history of anxiety (20.5%) were
significantly more anxious following their accident. Individuals who were anxious 4 months after
the accident presented with more symptoms in different areas 12 months post-injury compared to
non-anxious individuals. Conclusions/Implications: The present results highlight that anxiety
should be evaluated and managed carefully as it appears to be a key factor in the persistence of
other mTBI-related symptom
Lâobligation de signalement aux services de protection de lâenfance : analyse situationnelle de sa mise en Ćuvre dans les pratiques de soins primaires
Introduction: International studies suggest that a lack of forensic knowledge, clinical skills and organizational support may hinder nurses' implementation of the duty to report suspected cases of maltreatment to child welfare services. No studies to date have documented how the duty to report is integrated into primary care nursing practice.
Objectives: To describe primary care nurses' perceived role in preventing child maltreatment and to explore the process of implementing mandatory reporting to child welfare services.
Methods: A situational analysis was conducted using 14 semi-structured interviews with primary care nurses in Quebec, Canada. These interviews were qualitatively mapped and analyzed using inductive coding.
Results: Clinical vigilance is an important dimension of nursing practice, which is influenced by external constraints. The implementation of the duty to report relies on clinical intuition, the exercise of discretionary power and organizational work that can be preventive, targeted or symbolic in scope. The determining factor in the implementation of the duty to report is the exercise of control over the situation and its anticipated consequences.
Discussion and conclusion: These findings provide insight into the process of implementing mandatory reporting practices to child welfare services in terms of factors that may influence the exercise of nursesâ discretionary power.Introduction : Les Ă©tudes menĂ©es Ă lâinternational suggĂšrent quâun manque de connaissances mĂ©dico-lĂ©gales, dâhabiletĂ©s cliniques et de soutien organisationnel pourrait nuire Ă la mise en Ćuvre de lâobligation de signalement aux services de protection de lâenfance par le personnel infirmier. Aucune Ă©tude nâa jusquâĂ ce jour documenteÌ le processus dâintĂ©gration de lâobligation de signalement Ă la pratique infirmiĂšre en soins primaires.
Objectifs : DĂ©crire le rĂŽle perçu par les infirmiĂšres de soins primaires Ă lâĂ©gard de la prĂ©vention de la maltraitance auprĂšs des enfants et explorer le processus de mise en Ćuvre de lâobligation de signalement aux services de protection de lâenfance.
MĂ©thodes : Une analyse situationnelle a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©e Ă partir de 14 entrevues semi-dirigĂ©es auprĂšs dâinfirmiĂšres de soins primaires au QuĂ©bec, Canada. Ces entrevues ont fait lâobjet dâune analyse cartographique et dâune codification par Ă©mergence.
RĂ©sultats : La vigilance clinique est une dimension importante de la pratique infirmiĂšre, qui est influencĂ©e par des contraintes externes. La mise en Ćuvre de lâobligation de signalement sâappuie sur lâintuition clinique, sur lâexercice dâun pouvoir discrĂ©tionnaire et sur un travail dâorganisation dont la portĂ©e peut ĂȘtre prĂ©ventive, ciblĂ©e ou symbolique. LâĂ©lĂ©ment dĂ©terminant la mise en Ćuvre de lâobligation de signalement relĂšve de lâexercice dâun contrĂŽle sur la situation et sur ses consĂ©quences anticipĂ©es.
Discussion et conclusion : Ces rĂ©sultats permettent de mieux comprendre le processus de mise en Ćuvre de lâobligation de signalement aux services de protection de lâenfance, sous lâangle des facteurs pouvant influencer lâexercice du pouvoir discrĂ©tionnaire attribuĂ© au personnel infirmier
IEA EBC Annex 72: Assessing Life Cycle Related Environmental Impacts Caused by Buildings: Guidelines for design decision-makers:Energy in Buildings and Communities Technology Collaboration Programme
The purpose of this report is to provide support to the design decisions-makers during the design process. For each of the defined design step decision the important topics to consider were identified, the key stakeholders are declared and the purpose of LCA at the selected design step is defined.
The report covers:
The definition of the design steps, the definition of the tasks in each design step and an overview of the relevant milestones for performing LCA;
An overview of the systematic building decomposition methods and the appropriate levels at each design step;
An overview of the tools that can be used for LCA and a selection process for choosing the right LCA tool. A special emphasize is given to the topic of Building Information Modelling (BIM), how the BIM tools can facilitate the LCA assessment and what information should be implemented in the BIM model;
Strategies on how to reduce the design-related uncertainties;
An overview of the visualization of the LCA results and which are appropriate in the selected design steps
Argo data 1999-2019: two million temperature-salinity profiles and subsurface velocity observations from a global array of profiling floats.
© The Author(s), 2020. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Wong, A. P. S., Wijffels, S. E., Riser, S. C., Pouliquen, S., Hosoda, S., Roemmich, D., Gilson, J., Johnson, G. C., Martini, K., Murphy, D. J., Scanderbeg, M., Bhaskar, T. V. S. U., Buck, J. J. H., Merceur, F., Carval, T., Maze, G., Cabanes, C., Andre, X., Poffa, N., Yashayaev, I., Barker, P. M., Guinehut, S., Belbeoch, M., Ignaszewski, M., Baringer, M. O., Schmid, C., Lyman, J. M., McTaggart, K. E., Purkey, S. G., Zilberman, N., Alkire, M. B., Swift, D., Owens, W. B., Jayne, S. R., Hersh, C., Robbins, P., West-Mack, D., Bahr, F., Yoshida, S., Sutton, P. J. H., Cancouet, R., Coatanoan, C., Dobbler, D., Juan, A. G., Gourrion, J., Kolodziejczyk, N., Bernard, V., Bourles, B., Claustre, H., D'Ortenzio, F., Le Reste, S., Le Traon, P., Rannou, J., Saout-Grit, C., Speich, S., Thierry, V., Verbrugge, N., Angel-Benavides, I. M., Klein, B., Notarstefano, G., Poulain, P., Velez-Belchi, P., Suga, T., Ando, K., Iwasaska, N., Kobayashi, T., Masuda, S., Oka, E., Sato, K., Nakamura, T., Sato, K., Takatsuki, Y., Yoshida, T., Cowley, R., Lovell, J. L., Oke, P. R., van Wijk, E. M., Carse, F., Donnelly, M., Gould, W. J., Gowers, K., King, B. A., Loch, S. G., Mowat, M., Turton, J., Rama Rao, E. P., Ravichandran, M., Freeland, H. J., Gaboury, I., Gilbert, D., Greenan, B. J. W., Ouellet, M., Ross, T., Tran, A., Dong, M., Liu, Z., Xu, J., Kang, K., Jo, H., Kim, S., & Park, H. Argo data 1999-2019: two million temperature-salinity profiles and subsurface velocity observations from a global array of profiling floats. Frontiers in Marine Science, 7, (2020): 700, doi:10.3389/fmars.2020.00700.In the past two decades, the Argo Program has collected, processed, and distributed over two million vertical profiles of temperature and salinity from the upper two kilometers of the global ocean. A similar number of subsurface velocity observations near 1,000 dbar have also been collected. This paper recounts the history of the global Argo Program, from its aspiration arising out of the World Ocean Circulation Experiment, to the development and implementation of its instrumentation and telecommunication systems, and the various technical problems encountered. We describe the Argo data system and its quality control procedures, and the gradual changes in the vertical resolution and spatial coverage of Argo data from 1999 to 2019. The accuracies of the float data have been assessed by comparison with high-quality shipboard measurements, and are concluded to be 0.002°C for temperature, 2.4 dbar for pressure, and 0.01 PSS-78 for salinity, after delayed-mode adjustments. Finally, the challenges faced by the vision of an expanding Argo Program beyond 2020 are discussed.AW, SR, and other scientists at the University of Washington (UW) were supported by the US Argo Program through the NOAA Grant NA15OAR4320063 to the Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) at the UW. SW and other scientists at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) were supported by the US Argo Program through the NOAA Grant NA19OAR4320074 (CINAR/WHOI Argo). The Scripps Institution of Oceanography's role in Argo was supported by the US Argo Program through the NOAA Grant NA15OAR4320071 (CIMEC). Euro-Argo scientists were supported by the Monitoring the Oceans and Climate Change with Argo (MOCCA) project, under the Grant Agreement EASME/EMFF/2015/1.2.1.1/SI2.709624 for the European Commission
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