Sistemas de Innovación como sistemas complejos

El libro Sistemas de Innovación como Sistemas Complejos consiste en un análisis exhaustivo de la literatura relacionada con los sistemas de innovación, empleando como marco de referencia los sistemas nacionales, regionales y sectoriales, para comprender los mismos desde el fundamento epistemológico y luego como sistemas complejos, ya que tienen diversas características como la auto-organización, la no linealidad, entre otros. En conclusión, la presente obra expone las variables que interactúan en las dinámicas que hacen parte de la construcción colectiva de los sistemas de innovación, brindando la posibilidad de comprender que estos no responden a fenómenos tradicionales o lineales, y que dado su nivel de relacionamiento, un Sistema de Innovación se comporta exactamente como un Sistema Complejo.The book Innovation Systems as Complex Systems consists of an exhaustive analysis of the literature related to innovation systems, using national, regional and sectoral systems as a frame of reference, to understand them from the epistemological foundation and later as complex systems, since they have various characteristics such as self-organization, non-linearity, among others. In conclusion, this work exposes the variables that interact in the dynamics that are part of the collective construction of innovation systems, offering the possibility of understanding that these do not respond to traditional or linear phenomena, and that given their level of relationship, An Innovation System behaves exactly like a Complex System

Sentencias básicas usada en la programación de computadores

El Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano presenta a la comunidad, este libro que contiene la teoría requerida y los fundamentos generales de la programación de computadores, basadas en pseudocódigo, con ejemplos ilustrados en un lenguaje de fácil comprensión

Servicios básicos en redes de comunicaciones

El texto presenta la implementación de servicios básicos de red como apoyo a las áreas de redes y servicios en los programas académicos de Telecomunicaciones, Electrónica y Sistemas de Información. Estos servicios constituyen una base fundamental en la implementación de soluciones empresariales, al presentar la instalación y configuración básica de un sistema operativo en diferentes plataformas, se realiza cada una de las soluciones en Linux y seguidamente se ilustra su implementación en plataformas Windows. La metodología desarrollada constituye una fortaleza para comprender la relación de independencia existente entre el sistema operativo y los servicios ofrecidos en una red de computadores. This text presents an implementation of basic networking services as a way to support the networks and services areas in academic programs in Telecommunications, Electronics and Information systems. These services are the base for implementation of corporate solutions, when presenting the basic installation and setting of an operating system in different platforms. Each solution is presented using Linux operating system and its implementation is then presented using Windows operating system. The methodology is a strength to be able to understand the relationship of independence between the operating system and the services offered in a network of computers

The Role of Aerosol Concentration on Precipitation in a Winter Extreme Mixed-Phase System: The Case of Storm Filomena

Aerosol concentration, size and composition are fundamental in hydrometeor formation processes. Meteorological models often use prescribed aerosol concentrations and a single substance. In this study, we analyze the role of aerosol concentration, acting both as CCN and IN, in the development of precipitation in a mixed phase system in numerical weather simulations. To this end, Storm Filomena was selected as the case study. In such a mixed-phase system, the coexistence of supercooled water with ice crystals, as well as the particular existence of a thermal inversion, led to the formation of precipitation in the form of rain, snow and graupel. Several high resolution experiments varying the fixed background aerosol concentration as well as a simulation with an interactive aerosol calculation were performed by means of the WRF-Chem model, using the same physics suite, domain and driving conditions. Results show that the total precipitation remains basically unaltered, with maximum changes of 5%; however, the production of snow is heavily modified. The simulation with maximum prescribed aerosol concentration produced 27% more snow than the interactive aerosol simulation, and diminished the graupel (74%) and rain production (28%). This redistribution of precipitation is mainly linked to the fact that under fixed ice crystal population the variation of aerosol concentration translates into changes in the liquid water content and droplet size and number concentration, thus altering the efficiency of precipitation production. In addition, while modifying the prescribed aerosol concentration produces the same precipitation pattern with the concentration modulating the precipitation amount, interactive aerosol calculation leads to a different precipitation pattern due to the spatial and temporal variability induced in the dynamical aerosol distribution

Contabilidad experimental de los servicios ecosistémicos de la provincia de Málaga mediante k.LAB

La tecnología k.LAB permite aportar modelos y datos científicos que simulan e integran sistemas ambientales y socioeconómicos y a los usuarios obtener información sobre el ecosistema que desee a través de una interfaz de fácil utilización. Se ensaya la herramienta k.LAB basada en SEEA para calcular la evolución de la valorización de los servicios ecosistémicos durante el período 2012 a 2020 en la provincia de Málaga (Sur de España). Se presenta un balance final con el fin de determinar el sentido del progreso de cada ecosistema y del global provincial, realizando una aproximación a las causas del balance final en cada caso.Plan Propio de Investigación de la UM

Calcium-Looping performance of mechanically modified Al2O3-CaO composites for energy storage and CO2 capture

This work reports the Calcium-Looping (CaL) multicycle performance under energy storage and CO2 capture conditions of different Al-composites prepared by milling mixtures of nanoalumina and natural limestone powders. The micro- and nanostructure of the composites have been analyzed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy as affected by the type of CaL conditions employed, either for energy storage in Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) plants or for post-combustion CO2 capture. Two types of calcium aluminates are formed under these diverse CaL conditions. A calcium aluminate with ratio Ca/Al 1) under CaL-CO2 capture conditions presumably due to the higher calcination temperature, which withdraws from the sorbent a relatively higher amount of active Ca. Moreover, the addition of nano-alumina, and the consequent generation of calcium aluminate, affects in a diverse way the microstructure and morphology of the CaO particles as depending on the CaL application, which critically modifies the performance of the composites.Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad CTQ2014-52763-C2, CTQ2017-83602-C

Low-cost Ca-based composites synthesized by biotemplate method for thermochemical energy storage of concentrated solar power

An ever more environmentally conscious society demands the use of green, sustainable and high-efficiency renewable energy resources. However, large-scale energy storage remains a challenge for a deep penetration of power produced from renewables into the grid. The Calcium-Looping (CaL) process, based on the reversible carbonation/calcination of CaO, is a promising technology for thermochemical energy storage (TCES) in Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) plants. Natural limestone to be used as CaO precursor is cheap, non-toxic and abundant. Nevertheless, recent works have shown that carbonation of CaO derived limestone at optimum conditions for TCES is limited by pore-plugging, which leads to severe deactivation for large enough particles to be employed in practice. In our work, we have synthesized inexpensive CaO/SiO2 composites by means of a biotemplate method using rice husk as support. The morphological and compositional features of the biomorphic materials synthesized help improve the CaO multicycle activity under optimum CSP storage conditions and for particles sufficiently large to be managed in practical processes.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad CTQ2014-52763-C2, CTQ2017-83602-C

The construction of the urban in contemporary Bogota drama preliminary remarks

RESUMEN: La presente investigación analiza la manera como se configura lo urbano en cuatro obras de la dramaturgia bogotana contemporánea. El estudio del espacio en estos textos dramáticos revela las visiones de ciudad que rigen las piezas y, en consecuencia, determina cuál es el grado de relación entre las urbes imaginadas y la ciudad real que habitan sus autores. Dado que el teatro es una de las expresiones artísticas por medio de las cuales una determinada sociedad construye su identidad grupal y cultural, una mirada a la ciudad a través del drama capitalino contemporáneo ayuda a comprender referentes, mitologías y sentidos de pertenencia que se han creado en torno a Bogotá en el imaginario de sus ciudadanos.ABSTRACT: The present research analyzes the way in which urban reality is created in four contemporary plays by authors who live and work in Bogota. The study of these theatrical texts from a spatial viewpoint reveals the underlying visions that determine the fictional cities. This will reveal to what extent these urban spaces are reflections of the real city inhabited by their authors. Drama is one of the artistic expressions by which a given society builds its collective and cultural identities; therefore an analysis of contemporary plays written in Bogota will contribute to a better understanding of the mythologies, points of reference and feelings of belonging created around the Colombian capital in the mind of its inhabitants

Radon transport events associated with the impact of a NORM repository in the SW of Europe

Two radon measurement stations located to the north and south of a NORM (Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials) repository of phosphogypsum (southwest of Europe) were used to monitor radon behavior during 2018. The stations are located at opposing sides of the repository, one in Huelva City to the north and other one in a rural area to the south. This setup aimed to identify the influence of the NORM repository on each station and use radon levels as a marker of atmospheric transport in the local area. To achieve this, a comparison was carried out with other coastal stations in the south of Spain, finding higher average concentrations in Huelva City, ~3.3 Bq m− 3 . Hierarchical clustering was applied to identify days with different radon patterns at each Huelva station, detecting possible local radon transport events from the repository. Three events were investigated with WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting) and FLEXPART-WRF (FLEXible PARTicle dispersion model). It was found that both sampling sites required atmospheric stagnant conditions to reach high radon concentration. However, under these conditions the urban station showed high radon regardless of wind direction while the rural station also required radon transport from the repository, either directly or indirect.This research was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, by the project ‘Fluxes of radionuclides emitted by the PG piles located at Huelva; assessment of the dispersion, radiological risks and remediation proposals’ (Ref.: CTM2015-68628- R). It is important to reiterate the significant contribution of CSN to this research providing radon measurements from the REA network. Special thanks are given to Antonio Padilla for his invaluable technical support and know-how. Resources supporting this work were provided by the CEAFMC and Universidad de Huelva High Performance Computer (HPC@UHU) funded by ERDF/MINECO project UNHU-15CE-2848.Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Huelva / CBU

High-performance and low-cost macroporous calcium oxide based materials for thermochemical energy storage in concentrated solar power plants

High energy density, cycling stability, low cost and scalability are the main features required for thermochemical energy storage systems to achieve a feasible integration in Concentrating Solar Power plants (CSP). While no system has been found to fully satisfy all these requirements, the reversible CaO/CaCO3 carbonation reaction (CaL) is one of the most promising since CaO natural precursors are affordable and earth-abundant. However, CaO particles progressively deactivate due to sintering-induced morphological changes during repeated carbonation and calcinations cycles. In this work, we have prepared acicular calcium and magnesium acetate precursors using a simple, cost-effective and easily scalable technique that requires just the natural minerals and acetic acid, thereby avoiding expensive reactants and environmentally unfriendly solvents. Upon thermal decomposition, these precursors yield a stable porous structure comprised of well dispersed MgO nanoparticles coating the CaO/CaCO3 grains that is resistant to pore-plugging and sintering while at the same time exhibits high long term effective conversion. Process simulations show that the employment of these materials could significantly improve the overall CSP-CaL efficiency at the industrial level.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad CTQ2014-52763-C2, CTQ2017-83602-C