Dziewiętnastowieczne listy gończe w badaniach nad urzędową polszczyzną wielkopolską

Arrest warrants published in the 19th century in Poznań have not been explored as the excellent material they are for historical and linguistic research. Published in the local newspapers and official journals: “Gazeta Południowo-Pruska”, “Gazeta Poznańska”, “Gazeta Wielkiego Księstwa Poznańskiego” and in “Publiczny Donosiciel. Dodatek do Dziennika Urzędowego Królewskiey Regencyi w Poznaniu”, they represent the bureaucratic variety of the 19th century Polish language used in Wielkopolska. On top of the linguistic forms typical of the 19th century, they represent considerable material illustrating two types of regional linguistic formations: old, traditional regionalisms and a layer of new regionalisms resulting from the influence of the German language9. What is more, arrest warrants offer interesting lexical material which allows to examine several areas of vocabulary with words related to garment as the best elaborate one

Polarity-Specific Cortical Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Primary Somatosensory Cortex of Healthy Humans

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive stimulation method that has been shown to modulate the excitability of the motor and visual cortices in human subjects in a polarity dependent manner in previous studies. The aim of our study was to investigate whether anodal and cathodal tDCS can also be used to modulate the excitability of the human primary somatosensory cortex (S1). We measured paired-pulse suppression (PPS) of somatosensory evoked potentials in 36 right-handed volunteers before and after anodal, cathodal or sham stimulation over the right non-dominant S1. Paired-pulse stimulation of the median nerve was performed at the dominant and non-dominant hand. After anodal tDCS, PPS was reduced in the ipsilateral S1 compared to sham stimulation, indicating an excitatory effect of anodal tDCS. In contrast, PPS in the stimulated left hemisphere was increased after cathodal tDCS, indicating an inhibitory effect of cathodal tDCS. Sham stimulation induced no pre-post differences. Thus, tDCS can be used to modulate the excitability of S1 in polarity-dependent manner, which can be assessed by paired-pulse suppression. An interesting topic for further studies could be the investigation of direct correlations between sensory changes and excitability changes induced by tDCS

Multivariate analysis of mineral constituents of edible Parasol Mushroom (Macrolepiota procera) and soils beneath fruiting bodies collected from Northern Poland

Caps and stipes of 141 fruiting bodies of Parasol Mushroom (Macrolepiota procera) and surface layer of soils collected from 11 spatially distant and background (pristine) areas in Northern Poland were analyzed for Ag, Al, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Rb, Sr, and Zn by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy and cold vapor atomic absorption spectroscopy. In terms of bioconcentration and bioexclusion concept, K, Ag, Cu, Rb, and P were highly bioconcentrated in caps, and their bioconcentration factor values varied for the 11 sites between 120 and 500—67–420, 70–220, 10–170, and 45–100, respectively. Cd, Zn, Mg, and Na showed bioconcentration factors (BCFs) between 3.3 and 36, 3.7–15, 0.92–6.3, and 1.4–44 while Al, Ba, Ca, Co, Cr, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Sr were excluded (BCF < 1). The Parasol Mushroom is a species harvested in the wild, and its caps are of unique taste and can contain a spectrum of essential and hazardous mineral compounds accumulated at elevated concentrations, even if collected at the background (pristine) areas. These elevated mineral concentrations of the caps are due to the efficient bioconcentration potential of the species (K, Ag, Cu, Rb, P, Cd, Zn, Mg, and Na) and abundance in the soil substrates (Al, Ca, Fe, Mn). The estimated intake rates of Cd, Hg, and Pb contained in Parasol Mushroom’s caps show a cause for concern associated with these metals resulting from the consumption of between 300- and 500-g caps daily, on a frequent basis in the mushrooming season

137Cs and 40K in Cortinarius caperatus mushrooms (1996–2016) in Poland - Bioconcentration and estimated intake: 137Cs in Cortinarius spp. from the Northern Hemisphere from 1974 to 2016

Cortinarius caperatus grows in the northern regions of Europe, North America and Asia and is widely collected by mushroom foragers across Europe. This study shows that in the last three decades since the Chernobyl nuclear accident, C. caperatus collected across much of Northern Poland exhibited high activity concentrations of radiocaesium (137Cs) - a long-lived radionuclide. The mushroom appears to efficiently bioconcentrate 137Cs from contaminated soil substrata followed by sequestration into its morphological parts such as the cap and stipe which are used as food. The gradual leaching of 137Cs into the lower strata of surface soils in exposed areas are likely to facilitate higher bioavailability to the mycelia of this species which penetrate to relatively greater depths and may account for the continuing high activity levels noticed in Polish samples (e.g. activity within caps in some locations was still at 11,000 Bq kg−1 dw in 2008 relative to a peak of 18,000 in 2002). The associated dietary intake levels of 137Cs have often exceeded the tolerance limits set by the European Union (370 and 600 Bq kg−1 ww for children and adults respectively) during the years 1996–2010. Human dietary exposure to 137Cs is influenced by the method of food preparation and may be mitigated by blanching followed by disposal of the water, rather than direct consumption after stir-frying or stewing. It may be prudent to provide precautionary advice and monitor activity levels, as this mushroom continues to be foraged by casual as well as experienced mushroom hunters

Prevalenca E Faktorëve Të Riskut Për Sëmundjet Kardiovaskulare Tek Të Rinjtë

Gjithnjë e më shume po rritet numri i të rinjëve që prekën nga sëmundjet kardiovaskulare dhe një ndër shkaqet kryesore është ekspozimi qysh në moshat e hershme mefaktorët e riskut për SKV. Qëllimi i këtij hulumtimi ka qenë që të kuptohet prevalenca e faktorëve të riskut për SKV tek të rinjët. Hulumtimi është kryer tek studentat e Universitetit te Prizrenit përmes nje pyetësori të vetadministrueshëm onljan. Të dhënat u mblodhën gjatë muajit Gusht, ku u anketuan gjithësej 53 te rinjë nga një mostër e cila u zgjodh rastësisht. Gjitashtu per realizimin e këtij punimi është rishikuar dhe trajtuar literature e bollshme, e cila ështe marre nga Biblotekat online ne internet në fushën e Mjeksisë dhe Infermierisë si dhe artikuj te ndryshem shkencorë nga autorë eminent në këto fusha. Nga ky hulumtim rezulton se prevalenca e mbipeshës është 13% tek të rinjët, pastaj 13% e të rinjëve kanë histori pozitive familjare me SKV, prevalenca e duhanpirjes është 12%, prevalenca e përdorimit të Alkoolit është 6%, e drogave 4%, mosaktiviteti fizik është meprevalencë të lartë 45% , rreth 88% e të rinjëve nuk përdorin asnjë lloj diete kurse rreth 40% e të anketuarëve perdornin vazhdimisht ushqime të shpejta. Duke u mbështetur në studim konkludojmë se shumica e përdoruesve të duhanit ishin gjinia mashkullore poashtu edhe të alkoolit dhe drogës, nga mungesa e përdorimit të një diete të caktuar nga të rinjët kemi edhe nje prevalencë të lartë të përdorimit të ushqimeve të shpejta ose fast foods dhe pothuajse gjysma e te rinjëve nuk i plotësojne kriteret e Shoqatës Amerikane të Zemrës për të paktën 150 minuta aktivite fizike në javë