Cybersecurity governance in Indonesia and the Netherlands: towards more cooperation

This article analyses cybersecurity frameworks which address cybercrime, safeguarding critical infrastructure, approaches to cyberwar and cyberespionage in Indonesia and the Netherlands. We compare approaches addressing cybersecurity-related challenges in an international context. While Indonesia and the Netherlands share some common history, signifcant differences in geographical location, population size, socio-economic status, and other factors remain. Despite substantial differences, both nations face comparable challenges, which present opportunities for closer cooperation. This paper underscores the need for making a concerted effort to foster dialogue and collaboration.Effective Protection of Fundamental Rights in a pluralist worl

Risicoprofilering heronderzoek bijstandsuitkering = Risk profiling for social welfare re-examination

Normative advice commissionAbderrahman El Aazani, Researcher at the Ombudsman Rotterdam-RijnmondFrancien Dechesne, Associate Professor Law and Digital Technologies, Leiden UniversityMaarten van Asten, Alderman Finance, Digitalization, Sports and Events Municipality of TilburgMunish Ramlal, Ombudsman Metropole region AmsterdamOskar Gstrein, Assistant Professor Governance and Innovation, University of GroningenEffective Protection of Fundamental Rights in a pluralist worl

Sex- and age-related differences in the management and outcomes of chronic heart failure: an analysis of patients from the ESC HFA EORP Heart Failure Long-Term Registry

Aims: This study aimed to assess age- and sex-related differences in management and 1-year risk for all-cause mortality and hospitalization in chronic heart failure (HF) patients. Methods and results: Of 16 354 patients included in the European Society of Cardiology Heart Failure Long-Term Registry, 9428 chronic HF patients were analysed [median age: 66 years; 28.5% women; mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) 37%]. Rates of use of guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) were high (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers, beta-blockers and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists: 85.7%, 88.7% and 58.8%, respectively). Crude GDMT utilization rates were lower in women than in men (all differences: P\ua0 64 0.001), and GDMT use became lower with ageing in both sexes, at baseline and at 1-year follow-up. Sex was not an independent predictor of GDMT prescription; however, age >75 years was a significant predictor of GDMT underutilization. Rates of all-cause mortality were lower in women than in men (7.1% vs. 8.7%; P\ua0=\ua00.015), as were rates of all-cause hospitalization (21.9% vs. 27.3%; P\ua075 years. Conclusions: There was a decline in GDMT use with advanced age in both sexes. Sex was not an independent predictor of GDMT or adverse outcomes. However, age >75 years independently predicted lower GDMT use and higher all-cause mortality in patients with LVEF 6445%