Spatio-temporal composition and dynamics of zooplankton in the Kalmar Sound (western Baltic Sea) in 2009-2010

In pelagic food webs, zooplankton is the link between lower and higher trophic levels. It is thus essential to know how the zooplankton community structure varies with its environment. We investigated the seasonal and spatial variation in the zooplankton diversity and community structure during two consecutive years in the Kalmar Sound, along the Swedish east coast, an area with a strong bathymetric gradient and of high ecological importance for e.g. commercial fish species. Two zooplankton communities were identified in the area: a coastal/estuarine community in the south and an open-water community in the north. They were separated mainly by differing salinity and temperature conditions. Biodiversity increased from spring to autumn and was higher in the open waters. © 2014.C. Díaz-Gil, M. Werner, O. Lövgren, O. Kaljuste and M. Casini were partially funded by the Swedish PLAN FISH project, financed by the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency and the Swedish Agency for Marine and Water Management. C. Díaz-Gil was also funded by the EU Erasmus Program for international mobility of studentsPeer Reviewe

Spatio-temporal composition and dynamics of zooplankton in the Kalmar Sound (western Baltic Sea) in 2009–2010

In pelagic food webs, zooplankton is the link between lower and higher trophic levels. It is thus essential to know how the zooplankton community structure varies with its environment. We investigated the seasonal and spatial variation in the zooplankton diversity and community structure during two consecutive years in the Kalmar Sound, along the Swedish east coast, an area with a strong bathymetric gradient and of high ecological importance for e.g. commercial fish species. Two zooplankton communities were identified in the area: a coastal/estuarine community in the south and an open-water community in the north. They were separated mainly by differing salinity and temperature conditions. Biodiversity increased from spring to autumn and was higher in the open waters

Przegląd wybranych metod rehabilitacji kończyny górnej u pacjentów po przebytym udarze niedokrwiennym mózgu = A review of selected methods for the rehabilitation of the upper extremity in patients after undergone brain ischemic stroke

Siminska Joanna, Pietkun Katarzyna, Porzych Piotr, Głowacka Iwona, Świątkowska Anna, Ogurkowski Karol, Grzyb Sebastian, Nowacka Krystyna, Beuth Wojciech. Przegląd wybranych metod rehabilitacji kończyny górnej u pacjentów po przebytym udarze niedokrwiennym mózgu = A review of selected methods for the rehabilitation of the upper extremity in patients after undergone brain ischemic stroke. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(4):240-248. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.50155http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/3466 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 755 (23.12.2015).755 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7© The Author (s) 2016;This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, PolandOpen Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercialuse, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.Received: 20.03.2016. Revised 17.04.2016. Accepted: 17.04.2016.  PRZEGLĄD WYBRANYCH METOD REHABILITACJI KOŃCZYNY GÓRNEJ U PACJENTÓW PO PRZEBYTYM UDARZE NIEDOKRWIENNYM MÓZGUA review of selected methods for the rehabilitation of the upper extremity in patients after undergone brain ischemic stroke Siminska Joanna1, Pietkun Katarzyna1,2, Porzych Piotr1, Głowacka Iwona1, Świątkowska Anna1, Ogurkowski Karol1, Grzyb Sebastian3, Nowacka Krystyna1, Beuth Wojciech4 1Katedra i Klinika Rehabilitacji CM UMK Bydgoszcz2Katedry Kosmetologii i Dermatologii Estetycznej CM UMK Bydgoszcz3Klinika Neurochirurgii, Neurotraumatologii i Neurochirurgii Dziecięcej CM UMK Bydgoszcz4Oddział Neurochirurgii, Wojewódzki Szpital Specjalistyczny, Włocławek Słowa kluczowe: udar niedokrwienny mózgu.Keywords: ischemic stroke.  Streszczenie Analizując dane statystyczne uważa się, że udary mózgu stanowią około 15% wszystkich zgonów na świecie. W Polsce na udar mózgu zapada około 70 tysięcy osób rocznie , spośród których w okresie pierwszego miesiąca umiera około 20%, kolejne 10-25% pacjentów odzyskuje pełną samodzielność, u 40% chorych pozostaje umiarkowana niepełnosprawność, zaś około 15-30%  osób wymaga stałej pomocy osób drugich. Dlatego tak niezwykle istotnym faktem staje się wczesne wdrążenie właściwych algorytmów postępowania procedur rehabilitacji. Wiadomo, że optymalnym okresem powrotu i poprawy funkcji, w tym wykonywania czynności samoobsługowych, są pierwsze 3 miesiące od wystąpienia incydentu udaru mózgu. W tym okresie należy odpowiednio zaplanować i zastosować możliwie najefektywniejsze metody leczenia i usprawniania, co pozwala na poprawę jakości życia jak i podniesienie możliwości wykonywania czynności w zakresie samoobsługi tych chorych. Abstract Analysing statistical data, it is considered that strokes account for approximately 15% of all deaths in the world. In Poland the stroke falls approximately 70 thousand people per year, of which during the first month dies around 20%, 10-25% of patients recover full autonomy in 40% of patients remains a moderate disability, while about 15-30% of people requires constant assistance of another person. Why it is so extremely important fact becomes early implementation of the relevant algorithms conduct rehabilitation procedures. It is known that the optimal period of return and improved features, including self-service operations, are the first 3 months of the occurrence of an incident of stroke. During this period, please plan accordingly and apply as soon as possible the most effective methods of treatment and improve, allowing you to improve the quality of life and raise the possibility of performing self-service operations of these patients

Genomic Characterization of Cholangiocarcinoma in Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis Reveals Therapeutic Opportunities

Background and Aims Lifetime risk of biliary tract cancer (BTC) in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) may exceed 20%, and BTC is currently the leading cause of death in patients with PSC. To open new avenues for management, we aimed to delineate clinically relevant genomic and pathological features of a large panel of PSC-associated BTC (PSC-BTC). Approach and Results We analyzed formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor tissue from 186 patients with PSC-BTC from 11 centers in eight countries with all anatomical locations included. We performed tumor DNA sequencing at 42 clinically relevant genetic loci to detect mutations, translocations, and copy number variations, along with histomorphological and immunohistochemical characterization. Regardless of the anatomical localization, PSC-BTC exhibited a uniform molecular and histological characteristic similar to extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. We detected a high frequency of genomic alterations typical of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, such asTP53(35.5%),KRAS(28.0%),CDKN2A(14.5%), andSMAD4(11.3%), as well as potentially druggable mutations (e.g.,HER2/ERBB2). We found a high frequency of nontypical/nonductal histomorphological subtypes (55.2%) and of the usually rare BTC precursor lesion, intraductal papillary neoplasia (18.3%). Conclusions Genomic alterations in PSC-BTC include a significant number of putative actionable therapeutic targets. Notably, PSC-BTC shows a distinct extrahepatic morpho-molecular phenotype, independent of the anatomical location of the tumor. These findings advance our understanding of PSC-associated cholangiocarcinogenesis and provide strong incentives for clinical trials to test genome-based personalized treatment strategies in PSC-BTC.Peer reviewe

4C Mortality Score correlates with in-hospital functional outcome after COVID-19-associated ischaemic stroke

Aim of the study. The 4C Mortality Score was created to predict mortality in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 and has to date been evaluated only in respiratory system disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate its application in patients with COVID-19-associated acute ischaemic stroke (AIS).Clinical rationale for study. COVID-19 is a risk factor for AIS. COVID-19-associated AIS results in higher mortality and worse functional outcome. Predictors of functional outcome in COVID-19-associated AIS are required.Materials and methods. This was a retrospective observational study of patients with AIS hospitalised in seven neurological wards in Małopolska Voivodship (Poland) between August and December 2020. We gathered data concerning the patients’ age, sex, presence of cardiovascular risk factors, type of treatment received, and the presence of stroke-associated infections (including pneumonia, urinary tract infection and infection of unknown source). We calculated 4C Mortality Score at stroke onset, and investigated whether there was a correlation with neurological deficit measured using the National Health Institute Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and functional outcome assessed using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at discharge.Results. The study included 52 patients with COVID-19-associated AIS. The 4C Mortality Score at stroke onset correlated with mRS (rs = 0.565, p < 0.01) at discharge. There was also a statistically significant difference in the mean 4C Mortality Score between patients who died and patients who survived the stroke (13.08 ± 2.71 vs. 9.85 ± 3.47, p = 0.04).Conclusions and clinical implications. 4C Mortality Score predicts functional outcome at discharge in COVID-19-associated AIS patients

Methods for generating the random processes in the dynamics of vehicles

W artykule przedstawiono różne metody generowania procesów przypadkowych, szczególnie przydatne w analizie i badaniach symulacyjnych dynamiki pojazdów. Zamieszczono przykłady realizacji procesów przypadkowych z użyciem opisanych metod. Przedstawiono ważne cechy omawianych metod.The article presents the different methods of generating the random processes, particularly useful in the analysis and the simulation testing of vehicle dynamics. The examples of random processes realization with using the described methods are placed. The important features of the discussed methods are presented