Frey syndrome

Frey syndrome is a condition of gustatory sweating and hyperemia related to damage of the auriculotemporal nerve. It affects around 80% of patients after parotidectomy. Syndrome may be easily diagnosed with an iodine-starch test, even in patients without symptoms, which are about 20% depending on studies. Authors searched PubMed and Google Scholar using searchterms Frey syndrome, auriculotemporal nerve, greater auricular nerve, tympanic nerve, parotidectomy. We manually searched the references of selected articles for additional relevant articles. We selected articles relevant to a general medicine readership and prioritized systematic reviews, clinical practice guidelines and cases. The literature contains the latest reports on Frey syndrome. Symptoms of Frey syndrome are: redding of the skin due to vasodilatation, excessive sweating or tingling and burning sensation of the cheek skin. Clinicians should pay attention to frey syndrome in patients after parotid gland surgery. Treatment includes botulinum toxin type A most commonly, topical injection of alcohol, scopolamine, glycopyrrolate and less common surgical treatment including transection of auriculotemporal nerve. Frey syndrome is not such a rare disease and should be always considered by clinicians because it may worsen the quality of patients' life

Oral diseases in patients infected with HIV

Introduction: In recent years, more and more people have become infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Of great importance in the course of HIV infection are symptoms and diseases, which often occurs in the oral cavity with a corresponding decrease in lymphocytes.Aim: The aim of the study was the study was to present the most common oral diseases in patients infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus like hairy leukoplakia, Candidas, angular cheilitis, Linear Gingival Erythema, Herpesviridae virus infections, ulcerative lesions or xerostomia.Description: Clinicians should pay attention to oral manifestation of HIV infections because it may speed up the diagnostics process and may allow better control of the course of the infection. Hairy leukoplakia related to EBV is a marker of HIV on the side border of the tongue and appears as a hyperkeratotic stripes. Candidiasis may occur in many forms as acute pseudomembranous candidiasis, acute erythematous candidiasis, hyperplastic candidiasis or Median Rhomboid Glossitis. The most common fungus is Candida albicans but there may also be Candida krusei, Candida glabrata or Candida tropicalis. Another disease is Angular Cheilitis which is an inflammatory process localized in the commissure of the labia and can be caused by vitamin B deficiency, Candida, Staphylococcus or Streptococcus infection. Linear Gingival Erythema is a red linear lesion on the gingival margin infiltrated by polynuclear leukocytes and plasma cells. Patients with HIV also present Herpesviridae infections symptoms, ulcerations. Summary: This review shows that HIV/AIDS patients should be monitored for oral manifestation of the HIV infection and weakened immune system. Diseases described in this study are reliable markers of the HIV infection and clinicians should pay attention to them to monitor the course of primary infection

Spirometry-adjusted fraction of exhaled nitric oxide increases accuracy for assessment of asthma control in children

Spirometry and exhaled nitric oxide are two important complimentary tools to identify and assess asthma control in children. We aimed to determine the ability of a new suggested spirometry-adjusted fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (NO) index in doing that. A random sample of 1602 schoolchildren were screened by a health questionnaire, skin prick tests, spirometry with bronchodilation and exhaled NO. A total of 662 children were included with median (IQR) exhaled NO 11(14) ppb. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves using exhaled NO equations from Malmberg, Kovesi and Buchvald, and spirometry-adjusted fraction of exhaled NO values were applied to identify asthmatic children and uncontrolled asthma. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves failed to identify asthmatic children (all AUC < 0.700). Spirometry-adjusted fraction of exhaled NO/FEV1 (AUC = 0.712; P = .010) and NO/FEF25%-75% (AUC = 0.735 P = .004) had a fair and increased ability to identify uncontrolled disease compared with exhaled NO (AUC = 0.707; P = .011) or the Malmberg equation (AUC = 0.701; P = .014). Sensitivity and specificity identifying non-controlled asthma were 59% and 81%, respectively, for the cut-off value of 9.7 ppb/L for exhaled NO/FEV1 , and 40% and 100% for 15.7 ppb/L/s for exhaled NO/FEF25%-75% . Exhaled NO did not allow to identify childhood asthma. Spirometry-adjusted fraction of exhaled NO performed better-assessing asthma control in children. Thus, although more validation studies are needed, we suggest its use in epidemiological studies to assess asthma control.Health, Comfort and Energy in the Built Environment (HEBE), Grant/Award Number: NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000010; Programa Operacional Regional do Norte, Grant/Award Number: NORTE2020; Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional (FEDER); Foundation for Science and Technology schoolarships, Grant/Award Number: SFRH/BD/108605/2015 and SFRH/BD/112269/201

Job satisfaction among health professionals of Home Hospice for Children of Lodz Region

Background: Job satisfaction in palliative care proffesionals seems to be one of the most important factor for effectiveness and quality of care. The aim of this study was to evaluate job satisfaction in our team. Material and methods: The anonymous questionnaire designed specifically for the study was divided into six domains: evaluation of self-abilities, evaluation of job responsibility, relationships within the team, relationships with patients and their families, work organisation and social conditions and general work evaluation. All variables have been standardized to a range of 0 to 100 points. Results: Mean level of job satisfaction was evaluated as good. Mean results in all six domains were above 50 points. Highest level of satisfaction (above 75 points) was shown in the domain regarding relationship with patients and their families. Lowest level of satisfaction was shown in domains showing relationship within the team and general work evaluation. Conclusion: Highest job satisfaction could contribute to improve the quality of home palliative care Adv. Pall. Med. 2010; 9, 3: 67&#8211;72Background: Job satisfaction in palliative care proffesionals seems to be one of the most important factor for effectiveness and quality of care. The aim of this study was to evaluate job satisfaction in our team. Material and methods: The anonymous questionnaire designed specifically for the study was divided into six domains: evaluation of self-abilities, evaluation of job responsibility, relationships within the team, relationships with patients and their families, work organisation and social conditions and general work evaluation. All variables have been standardized to a range of 0 to 100 points. Results: Mean level of job satisfaction was evaluated as good. Mean results in all six domains were above 50 points. Highest level of satisfaction (above 75 points) was shown in the domain regarding relationship with patients and their families. Lowest level of satisfaction was shown in domains showing relationship within the team and general work evaluation. Conclusion: Highest job satisfaction could contribute to improve the quality of home palliative care Adv. Pall. Med. 2010; 9, 3: 67&#8211;7

Leukotriene modifiers for asthma treatment

Leukotrienes (LTs), including cysteinyl LTs (CysLTs) and LTB 4 , are potent lipid mediators that have a role in the pathophysiology of asthma. At least two receptor subtypes for CysLTs, CysLT 1 and CysLT 2 , have been identified. The activation of the CysLT 1 receptor is responsible for most of the pathophysiological effects of CysLTs in asthma, including increased airway smooth muscle activity, microvascular permeability, and airway mucus secretion. LTB 4 might have a role in severe asthma, asthma exacerbations, and the development of airway hyperresponsiveness. CysLT 1 receptor antagonists can be given orally as monotherapy in patients with mild persistent asthma, but these drugs are generally less effective than inhaled glucocorticoids. Combination of CysLT 1 receptor antagonists and inhaled glucocorticoids in patients with more severe asthma may improve asthma control and enable the dose of inhaled glucocorticoids to be reduced while maintaining similar efficacy. The identification of subgroups of asthmatic patients who respond to CysLT 1 receptor antagonists is relevant for asthma management as the response to these drugs is variable. CysLT 1 receptor antagonists have a potential anti-remodelling effect that might be important for preventing or reversing airway structural changes in patients with asthma. This review discusses the role of LTs in asthma and the role of LT modifiers in asthma treatment.Cite this as: P. Montuschi and M. L. Peters-Golden, Clinical & Experimental Allergy , 2010 (40) 1732–1741.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/79154/1/j.1365-2222.2010.03630.x.pd

The impact of cystic fibrosis course on the physical activity of children with cystic fibrosis

Wstęp. Chorzy na mukowiscydozę mają mniejszą wydolność wysiłkową w porównaniu ze zdrową populacją. Cel pracy. Celem badania była ocena wpływu przebiegu choroby na aktywność fizyczną dzieci chorych na mukowiscydozę. Materiał i metody. Badaniem objęto 20 dzieci chorych na mukowiscydozę w wieku 8&#8211;18 lat, w tym 11 dziewczynek i 9 chłopców. W celu zbadania wpływu przebiegu choroby na aktywność fizyczną dzieci chorych na mukowiscydozę wykorzystano kwestionariusz, jakim była anonimowa ankieta skierowana do chorych. W pracy posłużono się również wynikami badań spirometrycznych, z których wykorzystano wartości pomiaru FEV1. Wyniki. Wykazano, że czynności dnia codziennego, takie jak mycie, ubieranie, sprzątanie, spożywanie posiłków jedynie w nielicznych przypadkach sprawiają trudności badanym dzieciom chorym na mukowiscydozę. Ograniczenia te dotyczyły głównie pacjentów w zaawansowanym stadium choroby. Badane dzieci chore na mukowiscydozę nie uprawiały sportów wysiłkowych, wykonywały zaś ćwiczenia ogólnorozwojowe. Wnioski. Ze względu na częste hospitalizacje i przyjmowane leki oraz obniżoną wydolność fizyczną mukowiscydoza miała negatywny wpływ na uczestnictwo badanych dzieci w lekcjach wychowania fizycznego w szkole. Im większa była roczna częstość hospitalizacji i antybiotykoterapii u badanych pacjentów chorych na mukowiscydozę, tym mniejsza była ich aktywność fizyczna i ogólna sprawność. Problemy Pielęgniarstwa 2011; 19 (1): 39&#8211;46Introduction. Patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) have decreased physical efficiency compared to healthy population. Aim of the study. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of the CF course on physical activity in children with diagnosed CF. Material and methods. Participants were 20 children with CF, aged 8&#8211;18 years old, 11 girs and 9 boys. We used anonymous questionnaire directed to patients in order to assess the impact of the CF course on physical activity in children with diagnosed CF. We also used spirometric lung function parameter, namely FEV1. Results. We showed that every day activitiesnamely washing, dressing up, cleaning up, eating only in numerous cases seem troublesome for studied children with CF. These limitations were related to patients in advanced stage of CF. Studied children with CF did not practice heavy exercises but rather general developmental exercises. Conclusions. Due to frequent hospitalisations, drugs taken and decreased physical efficiency cystic fibrosis showed negative impact on the attendance of patients to physical exercise lesssons in school. Higher annual number of hospitalisations and annual number of antibiotic courses were correlated with were the lower physical activity and general efficiency of the patients were. Nursing Topics 2011; 19 (1): 39&#8211;4