Inclusive Education Importance and Problems for Students Social Integration

The article relevance. Modern concepts of education development, recognition of the uniqueness and self-worth of human individuality have led to the search for ways to socialize individuals with disabilities, to the development of new pedagogical strategies aimed at developing ideas of independent life for this category of the population. The research purpose is to study the features and identify ways to improve the quality of inclusive education. Research methods: as a research method, we used a questionnaire survey as a method of collecting primary information, which allows us to identify various aspects related to the problems of formation and perception of inclusive education by participants in the educational process. Research results: the article describes the peculiarity of the current stage of inclusive education development, analyzes the social mechanisms for improving the quality of inclusive education. The novelty and originality of the research lies in the fact that for the first time the correspondence of the existing model of inclusive education to the needs of a significant part of the educational process subjects was investigated. It is shown that, from the point of view of educational services’ consumers, a significant obstacle to improving the quality of inclusive education is the orientation of the education system on results, and not the educational process. It is revealed that the main functions of an inclusive school are educational, career-oriented, educational, and integrative. It is shown that relationships with teachers are a significant factor of psychological stress in inclusive classes. It is found that inclusive classes are sufficiently distanced from interaction with the local community. It is shown that teachers lack the skills of teamwork and confident behavior of the teacher in the presence of another adult in the classroom. It is revealed that the inclusive school is currently characterized by a high level of internal unity, but is not focused on external relations with the local community.  It is shown that parents, unlike students, note the creation of an accessible environment only for certain categories of children with disabilities (including children with musculoskeletal disorders), but not for children with sensory disorders (vision and hearing). Practical significance: the data Obtained in this work can be used in psychological research, pedagogical Sciences, age psychology, as well as for further theoretical development of this issu

Волонтёрская помощь инвалидам и маломобильным гражданам в образовательных организациях высшего образования транспортной отрасли

The objective of the study was to examine the impact of organisation of volunteer movement on solving of the University tasks and on motivation of the students, particularly considering the sustainable development goals.The attention has been focused on the analysis of the mechanism and methods of implementing the capacity of volunteer movement, from the point of view of possibilities of forming socially significant qualities and value orientations in students that correspond to the needs of society and development of the transport complex, as week as the skills of legal culture and behaviour of future transport employees. A conclusion is drawn about the need to use the opportunities of volunteering as a means of self-development of the student’s personality.The study was particularly dedicated to examining the experience of the Resource Training and Methodological Centre for Training Disabled Persons and Persons with Disabilities created and operating in Russian University of Transport, main directions of increasing the efficiency of activities to create necessary conditions for accessibility of higher education for persons with disabilities in transport universities.Social survey allowed to reveal and assess the correlation of motivation and interest of participants in volunteer movement in training on the programs offered at Russian University of Transport and in participating in volunteering since most important incentives spread among the students comprise desire to help people to feel needed, as well as the desire to master new skills and acquire competences.С применением методов системно-правового подхода и социологических инструментов рассматриваются актуальные вопросы вовлечения в волонтёрскую деятельность студентов транспортных вузов (на примере Российского университета транспорта), организации работы по их привлечению к оказанию помощи инвалидам и маломобильным гражданам на транспорте.Цель исследования – изучить влияние организации волонтёрского движения на решение задач деятельности университета и реализацию мотивации обучающихся, в том числе с учётом достижения целей устойчивого развития.Существенное внимание уделено анализу механизма и способов реализации потенциала волонтёрского движения с точки зрения возможностей формирования у студентов социально-значимых качеств, ценностных ориентаций, соответствующих потребностям общества и развития транспортного комплекса, навыков правокультурного поведения будущих специалистов транспорта. В статье обосновывается вывод о необходимости исполь саморазвития личности обучающегося.Изучены опыт работы созданного и действующего на базе Российского университета транспорта Ресурсного учебно-методического центра по обучению инвалидов и лиц с ограниченными возможностями здоровья, направления повышения эффективности деятельности по созданию условий доступности высшего образования для лиц с ограниченными возможностями здоровья в транспортных вузах.Социологический анализ позволил выявить и оценить корреляцию мотивации и заинтересованности участников волонтёрского движения в обучении по реализуемым в Российском университете транспорта программам и участии в волонтёрском движении, так как среди побудительных мотивов обучающихся наиболее значимыми и распространёнными являются желание помогать людям чувствовать себя нужными, а также стремление к освоению новых навыков и приобретению умений

Measuring the Lyapunov exponent using quantum mechanics

We study the time evolution of two wave packets prepared at the same initial state, but evolving under slightly different Hamiltonians. For chaotic systems, we determine the circumstances that lead to an exponential decay with time of the wave packet overlap function. We show that for sufficiently weak perturbations, the exponential decay follows a Fermi golden rule, while by making the difference between the two Hamiltonians larger, the characteristic exponential decay time becomes the Lyapunov exponent of the classical system. We illustrate our theoretical findings by investigating numerically the overlap decay function of a two-dimensional dynamical system.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figure

Heisenberg-type structures of one-dimensional quantum Hamiltonians

We construct a Heisenberg-like algebra for the one dimensional infinite square-well potential in quantum mechanics. The ladder operators are realized in terms of physical operators of the system as in the harmonic oscillator algebra. These physical operators are obtained with the help of variables used in a recently developed non commutative differential calculus. This \textquotedblleft square-well algebra\textquotedblright is an example of an algebra in a large class of generalized Heisenberg algebras recently constructed. This class of algebras also contains $q$-oscillators as a particular case. We also discuss the physical content of this large class of algebras.Comment: 11 pages. The title and abstract were modified and minor corrections were made in the paper's core. Final version to appear in Phys. Rev.

HER2 testing on core needle biopsy specimens from primary breast cancers: interobserver reproducibility and concordance with surgically resected specimens

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Accurate evaluation of human epidermal growth factor receptor type-2 (HER2) status based on core needle biopsy (CNB) specimens is mandatory for identification of patients with primary breast cancer who will benefit from primary systemic therapy with trastuzumab. The aim of the present study was to validate the application of HER2 testing with CNB specimens from primary breast cancers in terms of interobserver reproducibility and comparison with surgically resected specimens.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A total of 100 pairs of archival formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded CNB and surgically resected specimens of invasive breast carcinomas were cut into sections. All 100 paired sections were subjected to HER2 testing by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and 27 paired sections were subjected to that by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), the results being evaluated by three and two observers, respectively. Interobserver agreement levels in terms of judgment and the concordance of consensus scores between CNB samples and the corresponding surgically resected specimens were estimated as the percentage agreement and κ statistic.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In CNB specimens, the percentage interobserver agreement of HER2 scoring by IHC was 76% (κ = 0.71) for 3 × 3 categories (0-1+ <it>versus </it>2+ <it>versus </it>3+) and 90% (κ = 0.80) for 2 × 2 categories (0-2+ <it>versus </it>3+). These levels were close to the corresponding ones for the surgically resected specimens: 80% (κ = 0.77) for 3 × 3 categories and 92% (κ = 0.88) for 2 × 2 categories. Concordance of consensus for HER2 scores determined by IHC between CNB and the corresponding surgical specimens was 87% (κ = 0.77) for 3 × 3 categories, and 94% (κ = 0.83) for 2 × 2 categories. Among the 13 tumors showing discordance in the mean IHC scores between the CNB and surgical specimens, the results of consensus for FISH results were concordant in 11. The rate of successful FISH analysis and the FISH positivity rate in cases with a HER2 IHC score of 2+ differed among specimens processed at different institutions.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>It is mandatory to study HER2 on breast cancers, and either CNB or surgical specimen can be used.</p

Rhinitis in the geriatric population

The current geriatric population in the United States accounts for approximately 12% of the total population and is projected to reach nearly 20% (71.5 million people) by 2030[1]. With this expansion of the number of older adults, physicians will face the common complaint of rhinitis with increasing frequency. Nasal symptoms pose a significant burden on the health of older people and require attention to improve quality of life. Several mechanisms likely underlie the pathogenesis of rhinitis in these patients, including inflammatory conditions and the influence of aging on nasal physiology, with the potential for interaction between the two. Various treatments have been proposed to manage this condition; however, more work is needed to enhance our understanding of the pathophysiology of the various forms of geriatric rhinitis and to develop more effective therapies for this important patient population