Touristischer Geschichtsgebrauch. Über einige Merkmale neuer Vergangenheiten im 20. und 21. Jahrhundert

Es ist zumindest erstaunlich, dass die deutschen Forschungsdebatten über Gedächtnis- und Erinnerungskultur eine prominente Form modernen Geschichtsgebrauchs fast vollständig ignorieren: Tourismus. Dieser ist am Beginn des 21.Jahrhunderts aber keine Randerscheinung, sondern einer der wachstums- und umsatzstärksten globalen Dienstleistungssektoren. Tourismus ist eine rosa Fabrik; eine Bildermaschine, die aus Imaginationen buchstäblich ökonomische Wirklichkeiten erzeugt. Tourismus produziert auch neue Inanspruchnahmen von historischem Material, von Monumenten, Entwicklungen und Ereignissen aus der Vergangenheit; und die unterscheiden sich deutlich von ihren älteren nationalstaatlichen und religiösen Vorläufern. Einmal als touristische Attraktionen etabliert, beginnen sich die Überreste der Vergangenheit zu verändern, plastisch zu werden - und ein neues Eigenleben zu entwickeln. In dieser Postproduktion von Vergangenheit spielen die Verbindungen zu Affektbildern aus anderen Medien (Historienmalerei, Romanen und Filmen) offensichtlich eine wichtige Rolle. Für touristische Geschichtsnutzung, so scheint es, ist Artifizialität kein Hindernis, sondern ein Möglichkeitsreservoir. Welche neuen Erscheinungsformen von Vergangenheit entstehen dabei, und wie lassen sie sich beschreiben

Radio frequency induced and neoclassical asymmetries and their effects on turbulent impurity transport in a tokamak

Poloidal asymmetries in the impurity density can be generated by radio frequency heating in the core and by neoclassical effects in the edge of tokamak plasmas. In a pedestal case study, using global neoclassical simulations we find that finite orbit width effects can generate significant poloidal variation in the electrostatic potential, which varies on a small radial scale. Gyrokinetic modeling shows that these poloidal asymmetries can be strong enough to significantly modify turbulent impurity peaking. In the pedestal the ExB drift in the radial electric field can give a larger contribution to the poloidal motion of impurities than that of their parallel streaming. Under such circumstances we find that up-down asymmetries can also affect impurity peaking.Comment: Paper for 14th International Workshop on Plasma Edge Theory in Fusion Devices, revised version, submitte

Solution of ordinary differential equations by means of Lie series

Solution of ordinary differential equations by Lie series - Laplace transformation, Weber parabolic-cylinder functions, Helmholtz equations, and applications in physic

Oops! The Legal Consequences of and Solutions to Online Pricing Errors

How can businesses conducting sales over the Internet protect themselves from the inevitability of pricing errors? Unlike the brick and mortar retailers’ ability to catch a pricing error quickly, thousands of orders can be placed with online retailers before they detect the problem. When pricing errors do occur and contracts are formed, merchants are forced to choose between absorbing the resulting financial loss as an investment in goodwill or trying to invalidate the contracts under the doctrine of unilateral mistake. To avoid binding contracts with customers at erroneous prices, online retailers should employ protective methods of contract formation that help prevent loss

Combining Soil Health and Fertility Measurements to Improve the Accuracy of Predicting Corn Grain Yield Responses to P and K Fertilization

Researchers have pointed to changes in climate and land management practices to justify the need to reevaluate the accuracy of current South Dakota (SD) corn (Zea mays L.) P and K fertilizer recommendations. Also, an increase in soil health understanding has created the potential for soil health measurements to be used to improve the accuracy of these recommendations. The objectives for this study were to 1) evaluate the current P and K critical values and 2) determine the effect of including soil health indicators on improving fertilizer recommendation accuracy. This project was conducted throughout central and eastern SD from 2019-2021 at 97 experimental areas that varied in management, landform, and soil type. Fertilizer addition treatments of 112 kg P2O5 ha-1 and 112 kg K2O ha-1 were compared to a control with no P or K fertilizer. Soil health and fertility samples (0-15 cm) were collected before fertilization and analyzed for physical, chemical, and biological characteristics. A linear plateau model indicated the soil test P (STP) critical value needs to be increased from 16 to 20 mg kg-1 and soil test K (STK) needs to be decreased from 160 to 140 mg kg-1. However, both new critical values either 1) had low correlation values to yield response or 2) were not significantly better than the old critical values. Therefore, more sites and years of data are needed to confirm if a change in critical values is needed. Random forest variable importance methods found differences among variables, although differences were not substantial enough to clearly identify what variables were most important in predicting yield response to P and K fertilization. Decision tree analysis found several variables for P (STP, CEC, soil respiration, and clay content) and K (STK, tillage, and soil pH) that when split using a decision tree, improved prediction accuracy from 63% (STP or STK used alone) to 74% and 77%, respectively. These results demonstrate that soil health indicators along with soil fertility testing improves the accuracy of our yield response predictions to P and K fertilizer