2,925 research outputs found
TandemNet: Distilling Knowledge from Medical Images Using Diagnostic Reports as Optional Semantic References
In this paper, we introduce the semantic knowledge of medical images from
their diagnostic reports to provide an inspirational network training and an
interpretable prediction mechanism with our proposed novel multimodal neural
network, namely TandemNet. Inside TandemNet, a language model is used to
represent report text, which cooperates with the image model in a tandem
scheme. We propose a novel dual-attention model that facilitates high-level
interactions between visual and semantic information and effectively distills
useful features for prediction. In the testing stage, TandemNet can make
accurate image prediction with an optional report text input. It also
interprets its prediction by producing attention on the image and text
informative feature pieces, and further generating diagnostic report
paragraphs. Based on a pathological bladder cancer images and their diagnostic
reports (BCIDR) dataset, sufficient experiments demonstrate that our method
effectively learns and integrates knowledge from multimodalities and obtains
significantly improved performance than comparing baselines.Comment: MICCAI2017 Ora
Remote Sensing Image Analysis via a Texture Classification Neural Network
In this work we apply a texture classification network to remote sensing image analysis. The goal is to extract the characteristics of the area depicted in the input image, thus achieving a segmented map of the region. We have
recently proposed a combined neural network and rule-based framework for texture recognition. The framework uses unsupervised and supervised learning, and provides probability estimates for the output classes. We
describe the texture classification network and extend it to demonstrate its application to the Landsat and Aerial image analysis domain
Viscous spreading of an inertial wave beam in a rotating fluid
We report experimental measurements of inertial waves generated by an
oscillating cylinder in a rotating fluid. The two-dimensional wave takes place
in a stationary cross-shaped wavepacket. Velocity and vorticity fields in a
vertical plane normal to the wavemaker are measured by a corotating Particule
Image Velocimetry system. The viscous spreading of the wave beam and the
associated decay of the velocity and vorticity envelopes are characterized.
They are found in good agreement with the similarity solution of a linear
viscous theory, derived under a quasi-parallel assumption similar to the
classical analysis of Thomas and Stevenson [J. Fluid Mech. 54 (3), 495-506
(1972)] for internal waves
Texture Classification Using Information Theory
Visual texture is one of the most fundamental properties of a visible surface. It participates as one of the major modalities which help us in the understanding of our visual environment. The different textures in an image are usually very apparent to a human observer, but automatic description of these patterns has proved to be complex
Image enhancement by non-linear extrapolation in frequency space
An input image is enhanced to include spatial frequency components having frequencies higher than those in an input image. To this end, an edge map is generated from the input image using a high band pass filtering technique. An enhancing map is subsequently generated from the edge map, with the enhanced map having spatial frequencies exceeding an initial maximum spatial frequency of the input image. The enhanced map is generated by applying a non-linear operator to the edge map in a manner which preserves the phase transitions of the edges of the input image. The enhanced map is added to the input image to achieve a resulting image having spatial frequencies greater than those in the input image. Simplicity of computations and ease of implementation allow for image sharpening after enlargement and for real-time applications such as videophones, advanced definition television, zooming, and restoration of old motion pictures
Combined Neural Network and Rule-Based Framework for Probabilistic Pattern Recognition and Discovery
A combined neural network and rule-based approach is suggested as a general framework for pattern recognition. This approach enables unsupervised and supervised learning, respectively, while providing probability estimates for the output classes. The probability maps are utilized for
higher level analysis such as a feedback for smoothing over the output label maps and the identification of unknown patterns (pattern "discovery"). The suggested approach is presented and demonstrated in the texture - analysis task. A correct classification rate in the 90 percentile is achieved for both unstructured and structured natural texture mosaics. The advantages of the probabilistic approach to pattern analysis are demonstrated
Vortex lattice stability and phase coherence in three-dimensional rapidly rotating Bose condensates
We establish the general equations of motion for the modes of a vortex
lattice in a rapidly rotating Bose-Einstein condensate in three dimensions,
taking into account the elastic energy of the lattice and the vortex line
bending energy. As in two dimensions, the vortex lattice supports Tkachenko and
gapped sound modes. In contrast, in three dimensions the Tkachenko mode
frequency at long wavelengths becomes linear in the wavevector for any
propagation direction out of the transverse plane. We compute the correlation
functions of the vortex displacements and the superfluid order parameter for a
homogeneous Bose gas of bounded extent in the axial direction. At zero
temperature the vortex displacement correlations are convergent at large
separation, but at finite temperatures, they grow with separation. The growth
of the vortex displacements should lead to observable melting of vortex
lattices at higher temperatures and somewhat lower particle number and faster
rotation than in current experiments. At zero temperature a system of large
extent in the axial direction maintains long range order-parameter correlations
for large separation, but at finite temperatures the correlations decay with
separation.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures, Changes include the addition of the particle
density - vortex density coupling and the correct value of the shear modulu
Excitation of inertial modes in a closed grid turbulence experiment under rotation
We report an experimental study of the decay of grid-generated turbulence in
a confined geometry submitted to a global rotation. Turbulence is generated by
rapidly towing a grid in a parallelepipedic water tank. The velocity fields of
a large number of independent decays are measured in a vertical plane parallel
to the rotation axis using a corotating Particle Image Velocimetry system. We
first show that, when a "simple" grid is used, a significant amount of the
kinetic energy (typically 50%) is stored in a reproducible flow composed of
resonant inertial modes. The spatial structure of those inertial modes,
extracted by band-pass filtering, is found compatible with the numerical
results of Maas [Fluid Dyn. Res. 33, 373 (2003)]. The possible coupling between
these modes and turbulence suggests that turbulence cannot be considered as
freely decaying in this configuration. Finally, we demonstrate that these
inertial modes may be significantly reduced (down to 15% of the total energy)
by adding a set of inner tanks attached to the grid. This suggests that it is
possible to produce an effectively freely decaying rotating turbulence in a
confined geometry
The decay of turbulence in rotating flows
We present a parametric space study of the decay of turbulence in rotating
flows combining direct numerical simulations, large eddy simulations, and
phenomenological theory. Several cases are considered: (1) the effect of
varying the characteristic scale of the initial conditions when compared with
the size of the box, to mimic "bounded" and "unbounded" flows; (2) the effect
of helicity (correlation between the velocity and vorticity); (3) the effect of
Rossby and Reynolds numbers; and (4) the effect of anisotropy in the initial
conditions. Initial conditions include the Taylor-Green vortex, the
Arn'old-Beltrami-Childress flow, and random flows with large-scale energy
spectrum proportional to . The decay laws obtained in the simulations for
the energy, helicity, and enstrophy in each case can be explained with
phenomenological arguments that separate the decay of two-dimensional from
three-dimensional modes, and that take into account the role of helicity and
rotation in slowing down the energy decay. The time evolution of the energy
spectrum and development of anisotropies in the simulations are also discussed.
Finally, the effect of rotation and helicity in the skewness and kurtosis of
the flow is considered.Comment: Sections reordered to address comments by referee
Facilitators and barriers of inclusion: a critical incident technique analysis of one non-binary Physical Education teacher’s workplace experiences
Background: Publications documenting how teaching is typically undertaken in highly cis-normative school spaces are beginning to increase in popularity. Scholars highlight how school Physical Education (PE) departments operate as highly gendered, and exclusive spaces which are typically ruled by gender-binarised discourses. This ideology is heavily manifested in everyday practices such as male/female-divided changing rooms, PE uniforms, and curriculums. However, the experiences of non-binary PE teachers working in these spaces remains mostly non-existent. Purpose: The research questions for this study were to explore the experiences of a non-binary PE teacher and disrupt the inequalities of power in PE spaces where cisgender teachers are deemed the ‘norm’, and anything outside of this is positioned as the ‘other’. This paper highlights the stories of one non-binary PE teacher’s everyday experiences. Context: The participant, who will be referred to as Seb, was in the 25–35 age group and worked in a state-funded school in a rural area in the northwest of England. Design and Analysis: This study employed a qualitative, single-participant case study method to analyse the experiences of the teacher. Data consists of a participant’s narrative account via online interviews. The participant was encouraged to tell uninterrupted stories of their career, achieved through accessing their own ideas and thoughts in their own words. The interviews were audio-recorded and then transcribed. The researchers analysed the data using deductive and latent coding processes. Conclusion: The paper will conclude by highlighting the main findings, limitations of the study, and opportunities for further research. Practice recommendations will be suggested, focussing on practices that infuse cultural humility such as encouraging a personalised, socially-nuanced pedagogical approach towards including and affirming the identities of gender diverse PE teachers in schools
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