6,170 research outputs found
Remote sensing of effects of land use practices on water quality
An intensive study was conducted to determine the utility of manual densitometry and color additive viewing of aircraft and LANDSAT transparencies for monitoring land use and land use change. The relationship between land use and selected water quality parameters was also evaluated. Six watersheds located in the Cumberland Plateau region of eastern Kentucky comprised the study area for the project. Land uses present within the study area were reclaimed surface mining and forestry. Fertilization of one of the forested watersheds also occurred during the study period
Newcastle upon Tyne, the Eye of the North
Newcastle upon Tyne is one of Englandâs great cities. Many think of it mainly as a product of the Industrial Revolution when abundant resources of coal, iron ore and water came together to create a Victorian industrial powerhouse. In fact, Newcastleâs long and proud history began in Roman times when Hadrianâs Wall marked the northernmost point of the Roman Empire.Newcastle became a thriving medieval port, with trading connections around the North Sea, the Atlantic, the Baltic countries and the Mediterranean. By the mid-17th century, Newcastle was not only a major European port, but was also becoming the pre-eminent exporter of coal fuelling the incipient industrial revolution. This volume brings together the archaeological evidence for occupation in the historic core of Newcastle between the prehistoric period and 1650. It places the evidence in the context of the evolving historical communities who made and occupied the site, and in the wider context of medieval and early modern European urban life.The volume synthesizes archaeological and historical evidence, highlighting material only known through excavation â like the early medieval use of the decaying Roman fort for a cemetery and probable church â as well as throwing new light on documented activities â like the way in which the waterfront was physically extended and consolidated to support trade from the 12th century onwards. Taking its name from a castle of national significance, planted after the Norman Conquest as a bulwark against Northern rebels and Scottish aggression, Newcastle was established as the kingâs âEye of the Northâ
Newcastle upon Tyne, the Eye of the North
Newcastle upon Tyne is one of Englandâs great cities. Many think of it mainly as a product of the Industrial Revolution when abundant resources of coal, iron ore and water came together to create a Victorian industrial powerhouse. In fact, Newcastleâs long and proud history began in Roman times when Hadrianâs Wall marked the northernmost point of the Roman Empire.Newcastle became a thriving medieval port, with trading connections around the North Sea, the Atlantic, the Baltic countries and the Mediterranean. By the mid-17th century, Newcastle was not only a major European port, but was also becoming the pre-eminent exporter of coal fuelling the incipient industrial revolution. This volume brings together the archaeological evidence for occupation in the historic core of Newcastle between the prehistoric period and 1650. It places the evidence in the context of the evolving historical communities who made and occupied the site, and in the wider context of medieval and early modern European urban life.The volume synthesizes archaeological and historical evidence, highlighting material only known through excavation â like the early medieval use of the decaying Roman fort for a cemetery and probable church â as well as throwing new light on documented activities â like the way in which the waterfront was physically extended and consolidated to support trade from the 12th century onwards. Taking its name from a castle of national significance, planted after the Norman Conquest as a bulwark against Northern rebels and Scottish aggression, Newcastle was established as the kingâs âEye of the Northâ
Sub-picosecond compression by velocity bunching in a photo-injector
We present an experimental evidence of a bunch compression scheme that uses a
traveling wave accelerating structure as a compressor. The bunch length issued
from a laser-driven radio-frequency electron source was compressed by a factor
>3 using an S-band traveling wave structure located immediately downstream from
the electron source. Experimental data are found to be in good agreement with
particle tracking simulations.Comment: 19 pages, 9 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Spec. Topics A&
Metalanguage in L1 English-speaking 12-year-olds: which aspects of writing do they talk about?
Traditional psycholinguistic approaches to metalinguistic awareness in L1 learners elicit responses containing metalanguage that demonstrates metalinguistic awareness
of pre-determined aspects of language knowledge. This paper, which takes a more ethnographic approach, demonstrates how pupils are able to engage their own focus of metalanguage when reflecting on their everyday learning activities involving written language. What is equally significant is what their metalanguage choices reveal about
their understanding and application of written language concepts
The JCMT Gould Belt Survey: the effect of molecular contamination in SCUBA-2 observations of Orion A
Thermal emission from cold dust grains in giant molecular clouds can be used
to probe the physical properties, such as density, temperature and emissivity
in star-forming regions. We present the SCUBA-2 shared-risk observations at 450
m and 850 m of the Orion A molecular cloud complex taken at the James
Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT). Previous studies showed that molecular emission
lines can contribute significantly to the measured fluxes in those continuum
bands. We use the HARP CO J=3-2 integrated intensity map for Orion A in
order to evaluate the molecular line contamination and its effects on the
SCUBA-2 maps. With the corrected fluxes, we have obtained a new spectral index
map for the thermal emission of dust in the well-known integral-shaped
filament. Furthermore, we compare a sample of 33 sources, selected over the
Orion A molecular cloud complex for their high CO J=3-2 line
contamination, to 27 previously identified clumps in OMC-4. This allows us to
quantify the effect of line contamination on the ratio of 850 m to 450
m flux densities and how it modifies the deduced spectral index of
emissivity for the dust grains. We also show that at least one
Spitzer-identified protostellar core in OMC-5 has a CO J=3-2
contamination level of 16 %. Furthermore, we find the strongest contamination
level (44 %) towards a young star with disk near OMC-2. This work is part of
the JCMT Gould Belt Legacy Survey.Comment: 13 pages, 6 figures, Accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of
the Royal Astronomical Society (MNRAS
Baddies in the classroom: media education and narrative writing
When teachers allow pupils to write stories that include elements of popular media, we must ask what to do with media once it has entered the classroom. This article relates findings from a classroom study which focuses on childrenâs media-based story writing. The study looks at children as producers of new media texts and describes their activities as a form of âmedia educationâ. The research shows that through their production of media-based stories, children are reflecting on their consumption of media. Furthermore, childrenâs media-based stories make explicit some of their implicit knowledge of new media forms. Finally, childrenâs stories provide ample opportunities for teachers to engage in important discussions about media within the framework of existing writing programmes
Assessing the sublethal impacts of anthropogenic stressors on fish: an energyâbudget approach
Fish are increasingly exposed to anthropogenic stressors from human developments and activities such as agriculture, urbanization, pollution and fishing. Lethal impacts of these stressors have been studied but the potential sublethal impacts, such as behavioural changes or reduced growth and reproduction, have often been overlooked. Unlike mortality, sublethal impacts are broad and difficult to quantify experimentally. As a result, sublethal impacts are often ignored in regulatory frameworks and management decisions. Building on established fish bioenergetic models, we present a general method for using the population consequences of disturbance framework to investigate how stressors influence ecologically relevant life processes of fish. We partition impact into the initial energetic cost of attempts to escape from the stressor, followed by the energetic impacts of any injury or behavioural change, and their consequent effects on life processes. As a case study, we assess the sublethal effects of catch and release angling for the European sea bass (Dicentrachus labrax, Moronidae), a popular target species for recreational fishers. The energy budget model described is not intended to replace existing experimental approaches but does provide a simple way to account for sublethal impacts in assessment of the impact of recreational fisheries and aid development of robust management approaches. There is potential to apply our energy budget approach to investigate a broad range of stressors and cumulative impacts for many fish species while also using individualâbased models to estimate populationâlevel impacts
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