20 research outputs found

    High-level transgene expression by homologous recombination-mediated gene transfer

    Get PDF
    Gene transfer and expression in eukaryotes is often limited by a number of stably maintained gene copies and by epigenetic silencing effects. Silencing may be limited by the use of epigenetic regulatory sequences such as matrix attachment regions (MAR). Here, we show that successive transfections of MAR-containing vectors allow a synergistic increase of transgene expression. This finding is partly explained by an increased entry into the cell nuclei and genomic integration of the DNA, an effect that requires both the MAR element and iterative transfections. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis often showed single integration events, indicating that DNAs introduced in successive transfections could recombine. High expression was also linked to the cell division cycle, so that nuclear transport of the DNA occurs when homologous recombination is most active. Use of cells deficient in either non-homologous end-joining or homologous recombination suggested that efficient integration and expression may require homologous recombination-based genomic integration of MAR-containing plasmids and the lack of epigenetic silencing events associated with tandem gene copies. We conclude that MAR elements may promote homologous recombination, and that cells and vectors can be engineered to take advantage of this property to mediate highly efficient gene transfer and expressio

    High-level transgene expression by homologous recombination-mediated gene transfer

    Get PDF
    Gene transfer and expression in eukaryotes is often limited by a number of stably maintained gene copies and by epigenetic silencing effects. Silencing may be limited by the use of epigenetic regulatory sequences such as matrix attachment regions (MAR). Here, we show that successive transfections of MAR-containing vectors allow a synergistic increase of transgene expression. This finding is partly explained by an increased entry into the cell nuclei and genomic integration of the DNA, an effect that requires both the MAR element and iterative transfections. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis often showed single integration events, indicating that DNAs introduced in successive transfections could recombine. High expression was also linked to the cell division cycle, so that nuclear transport of the DNA occurs when homologous recombination is most active. Use of cells deficient in either non-homologous end-joining or homologous recombination suggested that efficient integration and expression may require homologous recombination-based genomic integration of MAR-containing plasmids and the lack of epigenetic silencing events associated with tandem gene copies. We conclude that MAR elements may promote homologous recombination, and that cells and vectors can be engineered to take advantage of this property to mediate highly efficient gene transfer and expression

    A preliminary study of mercury exposure and blood pressure in the Brazilian Amazon

    Get PDF
    BACKGROUND: Fish is considered protective for coronary heart disease (CHD), but mercury (Hg) intake from fish may counterbalance beneficial effects. Although neurotoxic effects of methylmercury (MeHg) are well established, cardiovascular effects are still debated. The objective of the present study was to evaluate blood pressure in relation to Hg exposure and fish consumption among a non-indigenous fish-eating population in the Brazilian Amazon. METHODS: The study was conducted among 251 persons from six communities along the Tapajós River, a major tributary of the Amazon. Data was obtained for socio-demographic information, fish consumption, height and weight to determine body mass index (BMI), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and Hg concentration in hair samples. RESULTS: Results showed that overall, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, were relatively low (mean: 113.9 mmHg ± 14.6 and 73.7 mmHg ± 11.0). Blood pressure was significantly associated with hair total Hg (H-Hg), age, BMI and gender. No association was observed between fish consumption and blood pressure, although there were significant inter-community differences. Logistic regression analyses showed that the Odds Ratio (OR) for elevated systolic blood pressure (≥ 130 mmHg) with H-Hg ≥ 10 μg/g was 2.91 [1.26–7.28], taking into account age, BMI, smoking, gender and community. CONCLUSION: The findings of this preliminary study add further support for Hg cardiovascular toxicity

    La qualité de vie des enfants atteints de paralysie cérébrale (analyse d'une étude multi-centrique européenne)

    No full text
    Ce travail concerne la qualité de vie (QdV) d'enfants de 8-12 ans atteints de paralysie cérébrale (CP) vivant dans neuf régions européennes. Des régressions multiniveaux et des modèles à équations structurelles ont été utilisés. Nous avons montré que les enfants avec une déficience intellectuelle associée pouvaient évaluer eux-mêmes leur QdV grâce à des questionnaires adaptés et une évaluation préalable de leur capacité à les utiliser. Cependant, le recours à un tiers demeure nécessaire pour ceux qui ont des déficiences très sévères. La sévérité des déficiences n'était pas toujours associée à la QdV des enfants rapportée par les parents et les enfants les plus sévèrement atteints n'avaient pas toujours la pire QdV. La douleur de l'enfant et le stress parental sont associés à une augmentation du risque de mauvaise QdV. Les taux de désaccord entre parents et enfants et entre parents et professionnels concernant la QdV de l'enfant étaient élevés. Les parents avaient tendance à indiquer des scores de QdV plus bas que ceux donnés par les enfants eux-mêmes, mais aucune tendance claire n'est apparue pour les désaccords parents/professionnels. La concordance enfants/parents et parents/professionnels augmentait avec la sévérité des déficiences. Les parents avec des niveaux de stress élevés sous-évaluaient la QdV de leur enfant. De même, la présence de douleur rapportée par l'enfant ou les professionnels était associée avec une sous-évaluation de la QdV par les parents. Ces écarts représentent des différences de point de vue entre les répondants qui constituent des informations complémentaires importantes à prendre en compte dans toute évaluation de la QdV de l'enfant.TOULOUSE3-BU Sciences (315552104) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Matching silicon-based anodes with sulfide-based solid-state electrolytes for Li-ion batteries

    No full text
    International audienceThanks to their high ionic conductivity and appropriate mechanical properties, sulfide-based solid electrolytes (SSE) are increasingly studied for a use in all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs). Silicon is abundant, non toxic and has a high theoretical capacity, and therefore is a promising active material in ASSBs. We first study the compatibility between two different solid electrolytes with similar ionic conductivity, Li10_{10}SnP2_2S12_{12} (LSnPS) and Li6_6PS5_5Cl (LPSCl), and micron-sized silicon based anode. LPSCl appears to be less reactive than LSnPS and it is then used to determine the most appropriate silicon size and shape for efficient cycling. Two silicon materials are compared, micron-sized silicon particles (μSi) and silicon nanowires (SiNWs). Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) mapping of the composite powders shows a better dispersion of the SiNWs in the LPSCl matrix. Galvanostatic cycling and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) measurements highlight the greater compatibility of SiNWs compared to μSi in ASSBs with a high specific delithiation capacity of 2600 mAh/gSi at the first cycle, while limiting the polarization and maintaining a relatively stable lithiation mechanism during cycling

    Leucémie monoblastique aiguë congénitale : À propos d'un cas et diagnostic différentiel

    No full text
    La leucémie aiguë est une pathologie rare chez le nouveau-né. Elle entraîne cependant de nombreux problèmes tant pour le clinicien que pour le biologiste amené à la prendre en charge. Bien que d’étiologie inconnue, le développement d’une leucémie aiguë néonatale suggère un réarrangement chromosomique. Plusieurs réarrangements chromosomiques particuliers, courants en cas de leucémie congénitale, ont été identifiés impliquant fréquemment le gène MLL. Le diagnostic différentiel est malaisé et inclut différentes pathologies régulièrement retrouvées en période néo-natale. Nous rapportons le cas d’un nouveau-né développant une leucémie monoblastique aiguë une heure après sa naissance. La cytogénétique a révélé un réarrangement du gène MLL. L’enfant a été traitée selon le protocole ELAM 02. Malheureusement, elle a développé une défaillance multiviscérale quelques jours plus tard et est décédée à cinq semaine
    corecore