L'aventure de la parole selon Jean-Louis Chrétien

L’oeuvre en cours de Jean-Louis Chrétien – une trentaine de volumes à ce jour – séduit par la beauté de son écriture et force l’admiration par la richesse de sa culture (philosophique, théologique et littéraire), mais il faut aussi la lire comme l’oeuvre d’un philosophe rigoureux. Dans L’Arche de la parole (1998) Chrétien se confronte au Heidegger d’Acheminement vers la parole en mobilisant des ressources à la fois poétiques, bibliques et phénoménologiques, notamment avec l’oeuvre très discrètement citée mais pour lui décisive d’Henri Maldiney. Comme Heidegger et Maldiney, sa phénoménologie de la parole est nourrie de poésie, l’horizon proprement chrétien est lui un apport original. The work in progress of Jean-Louis Chrétien –at this moment about thirty volumes– seduces by the beauty of its writing and forces the appraisal by the wealth of its culture (philosophical, theological and literary), but it is necessary to read it as the work of a rigorous philosopher. In L’Arche de la parole (1998) Chrétien confronts Heidegger’s Unterwegs zur Sprache mobilizing at the same time poetic, biblical and phenomenological resources, including the work of Henri Maldiney, which is most discreetly quoted by Chrétien, although it is decisive for him. As Heidegger and Maldiney, his phenomenology of the word is nurtured by poetry, whose properly Christian horizon is an original contribution

Mining for facts: PacRim Cayman LLC v. El Salvador

Responds to Perspective No. 23 by Gus Van Harten by briefly presenting Pacific Rim's case in Pacific Rim v. El Salvador and defends the international arbitration process by which this case is being adjudicated as fair, neutral and objective for both parties

Turn indicator

This report presents a study of an instrument that can warn the pilot of the turning of his airplane. This instrument must satisfy three conditions: 1) It must give useful indication immediately from take-off; 2) The indications must be instantaneous and require no exertion by the pilot; 3) The indicator must be sensitive only to changes of orientation in the horizontal plane. Different solutions are presented such as a gyroscope driven by the suction of a Venturi tube

Le testament perdu et la trace

Culture is an immense heritage whose testament is threatened to be lost. The history of truth is also the history of forgetting. Nietzsche described it in a famous page on the true-world that became a fable, and Jean Greisch is the author of two variants, twenty years apart, on this page. Fortunately, what is beginning to be lost leaves traces, and the work of hermeneutics is to save what is being erased

挖掘事实：开曼PacRim公司诉萨尔瓦多共和国案

在Gus Van Harten 教授最近的论（哥伦比亚大学FDI展望，23期）中，他以国际投资争端解决中心（ICSID） 悬而未决的PacRim 诉萨尔瓦多仲裁案为基础，对投资协议下的整体仲裁系统提出了许多批评

Le toucher – lecture croisée de Levinas et Merleau-Ponty

En 1972, Emmanuel Levinas ouvre l’article qu’il consacre à Paul Celan par une citation justement célèbre : « Je ne vois pas de différence entre une poignée de mains et un poème ». Ce que voit Paul Celan dans une poignée de mains mériterait assurément de longs commentaires, ce qu’entend Emmanuel Levinas dans ce poème élémentaire est et n’est pas plus simple. D’une certaine manière, la poignée de mains ne dit rien mais elle dit : simple signe lancé à l’autre, elle se résume dans un dire sans di..

STRATEGIC-1: A multiple-lines, randomized, open-label GERCOR phase III study in patients with unresectable wild-type RAS metastatic colorectal cancer

International audienceBackground: The management of unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is a comprehensive treatment strategy involving several lines of therapy, maintenance, salvage surgery, and treatment-free intervals. Besides chemotherapy (fluoropyrimidine, oxaliplatin, irinotecan), molecular-targeted agents such as anti-angiogenic agents (bevacizumab, aflibercept, regorafenib) and anti-epidermal growth factor receptor agents (cetuximab, panitumumab) have become available. Ultimately, given the increasing cost of new active compounds, new strategy trials are needed to define the optimal use and the best sequencing of these agents. Such new clinical trials require alternative endpoints that can capture the effect of several treatment lines and be measured earlier than overall survival to help shorten the duration and reduce the size and cost of trials. Methods/Design: STRATEGIC-1 is an international, open-label, randomized, multicenter phase III trial designed to determine an optimally personalized treatment sequence of the available treatment modalities in patients with unresectable RAS wild-type mCRC. Two standard treatment strategies are compared: first-line FOLFIRI-cetuximab, followed by oxaliplatin-based second-line chemotherapy with bevacizumab (Arm A) vs. first-line OPTIMOX-bevacizumab, followed by irinotecan-based second-line chemotherapy with bevacizumab, and by an anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibody with or without irinotecan as third-line treatment (Arm B). The primary endpoint is duration of disease control. A total of 500 patients will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to one of the two treatment strategies.Discussion: The STRATEGIC-1 trial is designed to give global information on the therapeutic sequences in patients with unresectable RAS wild-type mCRC that in turn is likely to have a significant impact on the management of this patient population. The trial is open for inclusion since August 2013. Trial registration: STRATEGIC-1 is registered a

STRATEGIC-1: A multiple-lines, randomized, open-label GERCOR phase III study in patients with unresectable wild-type RAS metastatic colorectal cancer.

BACKGROUND: The management of unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is a comprehensive treatment strategy involving several lines of therapy, maintenance, salvage surgery, and treatment-free intervals. Besides chemotherapy (fluoropyrimidine, oxaliplatin, irinotecan), molecular-targeted agents such as anti-angiogenic agents (bevacizumab, aflibercept, regorafenib) and anti-epidermal growth factor receptor agents (cetuximab, panitumumab) have become available. Ultimately, given the increasing cost of new active compounds, new strategy trials are needed to define the optimal use and the best sequencing of these agents. Such new clinical trials require alternative endpoints that can capture the effect of several treatment lines and be measured earlier than overall survival to help shorten the duration and reduce the size and cost of trials. METHODS/DESIGN: STRATEGIC-1 is an international, open-label, randomized, multicenter phase III trial designed to determine an optimally personalized treatment sequence of the available treatment modalities in patients with unresectable RAS wild-type mCRC. Two standard treatment strategies are compared: first-line FOLFIRI-cetuximab, followed by oxaliplatin-based second-line chemotherapy with bevacizumab (Arm A) vs. first-line OPTIMOX-bevacizumab, followed by irinotecan-based second-line chemotherapy with bevacizumab, and by an anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibody with or without irinotecan as third-line treatment (Arm B). The primary endpoint is duration of disease control. A total of 500 patients will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to one of the two treatment strategies. DISCUSSION: The STRATEGIC-1 trial is designed to give global information on the therapeutic sequences in patients with unresectable RAS wild-type mCRC that in turn is likely to have a significant impact on the management of this patient population. The trial is open for inclusion since August 2013. TRIAL REGISTRATION: STRATEGIC-1 is registered at Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01910610, 23 July, 2013. STRATEGIC-1 is registered at EudraCT-No.: 2013-001928-19, 25 April, 2013

Electrospinning of Conducting Polymer Fibers for Stretchable Electronics

L’électronique étirable est un domaine prometteur en ce qui concerne les applications au biomédical. En effet, les dispositifs étirables peuvent être utilisés pour remplir diverses fonctions, qui incluent l’électronique portable (ou les vêtements intelligents), la peau artificielle, et de façon plus générale l’ensemble des fonctions qui exigent d’avoir de l’électronique placée directement sur la peau apte à se conformer au style de vie du patient, par exemple pour de la surveillance quotidienne des constantes biologiques d’un patient. De nombreuses stratégies ont été mises en place jusqu’à présent pour produire de l’électronique étirable, cependant celles-ci peuvent être grossièrement séparées en deux catégories principales. Dans la première se retrouvent toutes les stratégies où les matériaux sont étirés grâce à l’utilisation d’une géométrie spécifique, tandis que la seconde catégorie comprend l’ensemble des matériaux qui sont intrinsèquement étirables. Ainsi, des formes spécifiques comme des fibres peuvent être utilisées pour améliorer la capacité à s’étirer d’un matériau autrement peu étirable, ce qui inclut des matériaux conducteurs comme les métaux ou certains polymères conducteurs et semi-conducteurs utilisés en électronique organique. Cependant, la mise en pratique de ces fibres requière l’utilisation d’une technique apte à aisément générer des fibres conductrices. Pour les applications en biomédical, les matériaux électroniques organiques présentent l’avantage sur l’électronique classique de posséder une bonne compatibilité avec les systèmes biologiques du fait de leur capacité à aisément faire l’interface avec le milieu biologique. Ils présentent aussi l’avantage pour ces applications de disposer d’une capacité à conduire à la fois les ions et les électrons. Le but de ce projet de recherche est de démontrer la faisabilité de la fabrication de tels films, faits de nanofibres en polymère conducteur, qui maintiennent leur capacité à conduire le courant même lorsque ceux-ci sont étirés. Bien que de nombreuses méthodes existent pour produire de telles fibres, l’électrofilage apparaît comme étant l’une des méthodes les plus simples pour réaliser des couches poreuses et non tissées de nanofibres, couches qui peuvent aisément se conformer à la surface de leur substrat. En combinant l’électrofilage avec une technique appelée la polymérisation en phase vapeur, nous avons fabriqué des nanofibres conductrices de poly(3,4-éthylènedioxythiophène) dopé avec de l’acide paratoluènesulfonique (tosylate, PEDOT:Tos) directement sur du polydiméthylsiloxane (PDMS), un élastomère organique siliconé. Cette méthode simple à deux étapes nous a permis de produire des nanofibres de poly(3,4-éthylènedioxythiophène) dopé avec du tosylate (PEDOT:Tos) sur du PDMS. Des couches fibreuses non tissées composées de nanofibres conductrices possédant un diamètre moyen d’un peu moins de 700 nm ont ainsi été obtenues directement sur le PDMS. Nous avons caractérisé ces fibres pour étudier leur comportement électrique lorsqu’une tension était appliquée à leurs extrémités. Ces tapis de fibres ont alors pu être étirés tandis qu’un voltage fixé appliqué directement dessus forçait l’écoulement d’un courant à l’intérieur des films, courant qui a été mesuré. Cela nous a permis de démontrer que ces films possédaient la capacité de s’étirer jusqu’à 140% de leur longueur initiale sans variation majeure de la quantité de courant s’écoulant dans les films.----------ABSTRACT Stretchable electronics is a promising field for biomedical applications. Stretchable devices can be used for various purposes, including wearable electronics (or smart clothes), artificial skin, and more generally for any purpose requiring to have on-skin electronics that conform to the lifestyle of the patient, for example day-by-day biomonitoring. Many strategies have been used so far to produce stretchable electronics, however these can be split between two main categories. In the first one are the materials that stretch due to a specific geometry, while in the second category are the materials that are intrinsically stretchable. Specific shapes such as fibers can thus be used to improve the stretchability of an otherwise poorly-stretchable material, including conductive materials such as metals or conducting and semi-conducting polymers used in organic electronics. However, the practical application of fibers in stretchable electronics requires the use of a technique that can easily yield conductive fibers. For biological applications, organic electronic materials present the advantage over conventional electronic materials to possess a good compatibility with biological systems due to their ability to easily interface with the biological milieu and their mixed ionic / electronic conduction. The objective of this research project is to demonstrate the fabrication of such films, made with conductive polymer nanofibers that can still conduct the current even when stretched. Although many methods exist to produce such fibers, electrospinning is one of the easiest ways to directly make non-woven porous nanofiber mats that can conform to the surface of their substrate. By combining electrospinning with vapor phase polymerization, we fabricated conductive nanofibers of poly-(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with paratolenesulfonate (tosylate, PEDOT:Tos) directly on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), an organosilicon elastomer. Non-woven fiber mats composed of conductive nanofibers with an average diameter of around 700 nm were obtained directly on PDMS. We characterized these fibers to study their electrical behavior when a strain was applied to them. These mats were then stretched while the current flowing inside them was measured, at fixed voltage. This allowed us to demonstrate a stretchability up to 140% of the initial length without major variation of the current flowing in the mats