45 research outputs found
New bioelectrical impedance analysis equations for children and adolescents based on the deuterium dilution technique
Background and aims: Body composition in childhood is not only a marker of the prevalence of obesity,
but it can also be used to assess associated metabolic complications. Bioelectrical impedance analysis
(BIA) shows promise as an easy to use, rapid, and non-invasive tool to evaluate body composition. The
objectives of this study were to: (a) develop BIA prediction equations to estimate total body water (TBW)
and fat-free mass (FFM) in European children and early adolescents and to validate the analysis with the
deuterium dilution as the reference technique and (b) compare our results with previously published
paediatric BIA equations.
Methods: The cohort included 266 healthy children and adolescents between 7 and 14 years of age,
46% girls, in five European countries: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Latvia, Montenegro, North
Macedonia, and Portugal. TBW and FFM were the target variables in the developed regression
models. For model development, the dataset was randomly split into training and test sets, in
70:30 ratio, respectively. Model tuning was performed with 10-fold cross-validation that confirmed
the unbiased estimate of its performance. The final regression models were retrained on the whole
dataset.
Results: Cross-validated regression models were developed using resistance index, weight, and sex as the
optimal predictors. The new prediction equations explained 87% variability in both TBW and FFM. Limits
of agreement between BIA and reference values, were within ±17% of the mean, ( 3.4, 3.7) and ( 4.5,
4.8) kg for TBW and FFM, respectively. BIA FFM and TBW estimates were within one standard deviation
for approximately 83% of the children. BIA prediction equations underestimated TBW and FFM by 0.2 kg
and 0.1 kg respectively with no proportional bias and comparable accuracy among different BMI-for-age
subgroups. Comparison with predictive equations from published studies revealed varying discrepancy
rates with the deuterium dilution measurements, with only two being equivalent to the equations
developed in this study. Conclusions: The small difference between deuterium dilution and BIA measurements validated by Bland e Altman analysis, supports the application of BIA for epidemiological studies in European children using the developed equations.This research was funded by the International Atomic Energy
Agency [grant number RER6034].info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Beneficial effects of pomegranate peel extract on plasma lipid profile, fatty acids levels and blood pressure in patients with diabetes mellitus type-2: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
Pomegranate peel contains high levels of various phytochemicals. We evaluated the effects of pomegranate peel extract (PoPEx) consumption on plasma lipid profile, fatty acids (FA) level and blood pressure (BP) in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2). Thirty-seven subjects were recruited in this double blind, placebo controlled randomized trial. The study group (n = 19) received over 8 week's capsules containing PoPEx twice a daily, while the placebo group received placebo. Treatment with PoPEx induced a significant lowering of both systolic and diastolic BP. The plasma levels of triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (LDL-C/HDL-C), and HbA1c were significantly decreased, while the level of HDL-C was significantly increased, compared with placebo intake. Moreover, the PoPEX treatment significantly improved the plasma lipids fatty acids content. It is concluded that consumption of PoPEx in DMT2 subject had favourable effects on some metabolic parameters, BP, lipid profile and plasma lipid FA composition
Pion emission from the T2K replica target: method, results and application
The T2K long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment in Japan needs precise
predictions of the initial neutrino flux. The highest precision can be reached
based on detailed measurements of hadron emission from the same target as used
by T2K exposed to a proton beam of the same kinetic energy of 30 GeV. The
corresponding data were recorded in 2007-2010 by the NA61/SHINE experiment at
the CERN SPS using a replica of the T2K graphite target. In this paper details
of the experiment, data taking, data analysis method and results from the 2007
pilot run are presented. Furthermore, the application of the NA61/SHINE
measurements to the predictions of the T2K initial neutrino flux is described
and discussed.Comment: updated version as published by NIM
The relationship between volatile compounds, metabolites and sensory attributes: A case study using lamb and sheep meat
acceptedVersionpublishedVersio
Heavy fragment production in He-4+Th-232 reactions at 0. 65-12.7 GeV
The processes of production of heavy fragments in the fission mass region in the interaction of 0.65, 1.74, 5.1, 8.8 and 12.7 GeV He-4 with Th-232 have been analyzed using the polycarbonate track detector Makrofol in the form of a sandwich. The decay channels ending with one, two, or more (three, four) fragments were detected. We have analyzed the events in which at least one heavy fragment (Z GT 20) was registered. Fragments produced in the experiment were identified and an event-by-event model-free analysis was performed in order to separate different production mechanisms. We have identified the events produced in fission, deep spallation and fragmentation processes. The cross-sections and experimental features have been determined for the various reaction mechanisms, and their variation as a function of the incident energy has been investigated. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.21st International Conference on Nuclear Tracks in Solids (ICNTS-21), Oct 21-25, 2003, New Delhi, Indi
Interaction of 84 MeV/u C with Pb target investigated with CR-39 plastic track detector
SIGLECopy held by FIZ Karlsruhe; available from UB/TIB Hannover / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman