Genomic analysis of four strains of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis bv. Equi isolated from horses showing distinct signs of infection.

The genomes of four strains (MB11, MB14, MB30, and MB66) of the species Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis biovar equi were sequenced on the Ion Torrent PGM platform, completely assembled, and their gene content and structure were analyzed. The strains were isolated from horses with distinct signs of infection, including ulcerative lymphangitis, external abscesses on the chest, or internal abscesses on the liver, kidneys, and lungs. The average size of the genomes was 2.3 Mbp, with 2169 (Strain MB11) to 2235 (Strain MB14) predicted coding sequences (CDSs). An optical map of the MB11 strain generated using the KpnI restriction enzyme showed that the approach used to assemble the genome was satisfactory, producing good alignment between the sequence observed in vitro and that obtained in silico. In the resulting Neighbor-Joining dendrogram, the C. pseudotuberculosis strains sequenced in this study were clustered into a single clade supported by a high bootstrap value. The structural analysis showed that the genomes of the MB11 and MB14 strains were very similar, while the MB30 and MB66 strains had several inverted regions. The observed genomic characteristics were similar to those described for other strains of the same species, despite the number of inversions found. These genomes will serve as a basis for determining the relationship between the genotype of the pathogen and the type of infection that it causes

Construções coletivas na formação médica sobre planejamento em saúde

The goal was to report a medical formative experience on health planning in a state public institution of higher education. The discipline was offered in the fourth semester of the Medicine Course to 36 students. Based on a dialogue-based class there was a combination of traditional teaching and active learning methodologies, as well as a technical visit to areas of planning and practical activity in health services. Google Classroom was used for communication, sending materials, posting activities, and feedback. The activities developed stimulated collaboration and the active role in learning, in addition to promoting an approximation of the context experienced by managers within the scope of the National Health System. Situational strategic planning and the importance of dialogical practice in proposing actions were highlighted. This experience provided support for approaching health planning in medical formation, offering bases for the application of planning as a management too.El objetivo fue reportar experiencia de capacitación médica en planificación en salud en institución pública estatal de educación superior. Disciplina ofrecida en el cuarto semestre del Curso de Medicina a 36 estudiantes. Hubo combinación de enseñanza tradicional, basada en diálogo, con metodologías de aprendizaje activo, y visita técnica a instancias de planificación y actividad práctica en servicios de salud. El Google Classroom se utilizó para comunicación, envío de materiales, publicación de actividades y comentarios. Las actividades desarrolladas estimularon la colaboración y el papel activo en el aprendizaje, además de promover aproximación del campo experimentado por gerentes en el contexto del Sistema Único de Salud. Se señalaron la planificación situacional estratégica y la importancia de la práctica dialógica en la propuesta de acciones. La experiencia proporcionó subsidios para abordar la planificación en salud en la educación médica, ofreciéndose bases para aplicarla como herramienta de gestión.Objetivou-se relatar uma experiência de formação médica sobre planejamento em saúde em uma instituição pública estadual de ensino superior. A disciplina foi ofertada no 4º semestre do Curso de Medicina para 36 estudantes. Houve combinação do ensino tradicional a partir da exposição dialogada com as metodologias ativas de aprendizagem, além de visita técnica a instâncias de planejamento e atividade prática em serviços de saúde. O Google Classroom foi utilizado para comunicação, envio de materiais, postagem de atividades e feedback. As atividades desenvolvidas estimularam a colaboração e o papel ativo na aprendizagem, além de promoverem uma aproximação do contexto vivenciado pelos gestores no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde. Enfatizou-se o planejamento estratégico situacional e na importância da prática dialógica na proposição de ações. Esta experiência forneceu subsídios para abordagem do planejamento em saúde na formação médica, oferecendo bases para aplicação do planejamento como ferramenta de gestão

Genome Sequence of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis MB20 bv. equi Isolated from a Pectoral Abscess of an Oldenburg Horse in California.

The genome of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis MB20 bv. equi was sequenced using the Ion Personal Genome Machine (PGM) platform, and showed a size of 2,363,089 bp, with 2,365 coding sequences and a GC content of 52.1%. These results will serve as a basis for further studies on the pathogenicity of C. pseudotuberculosis bv. equi

Origin and distribution of the ischiatic nerve in mixed-breed sheep

O presente trabalho estudou, por meio de dissecações, a origem e distribuição do nervo isquiático em 30 fetos de ovinos (Ovis aries) sem raça definida, machos ou fêmeas, obtidos de abortos, natimortos e mortes naturais de fêmeas gestantes de núcleos criatórios na região do Triângulo Mineiro, estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Injetou-se formaldeído a 10% por meio de canulação da aorta descendente torácica e, posteriormente, o material foi mantido submerso na referida solução por um período mínimo de 48 horas antes do início das dissecações. O nervo isquiático originou-se do ramo ventral do último nervo espinhal lombar, ora do sexto nervo espinhal lombar (L6), ora do sétimo (L7), quando presente, e dos ramos ventrais dos primeiro e segundo nervos espinhais sacrais (S1 e S2, respectivamente), podendo apresentar a contribuição do ramo ventral do terceiro nervo espinhal sacral (S3). O nervo isquiático cedeu ramos aos músculos: glúteo superficial, glúteo médio, glúteo acessório, glúteo profundo, gêmeo, quadrado femoral, adutor, bíceps femoral, semitendinoso e semimembranoso. Os ramos terminais do nervo isquiático foram os nervos tibial e fibular comum, tendo suas origens distalmente ao trocânter maior do fêmur. Estatisticamente, através da aplicação do teste de Wilcoxon (0,05), não houve diferenças significativas entre as frequências dos ramos musculares do nervo isquiático e os antímeros, independentemente do número de ramos musculares.Current research studied, by dissection, the origin and distribution of the ischiatic nerve in 30 fetuses of mixed-breed male or female sheep (Ovis aries), obtained from abortions, stillborns and natural deaths of pregnant females on farms in the Triângulo Mineiro region, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Formaldehyde 10% was injected through the cannulation of descending thoracic aorta and the material was kept immersed in the solution for at least 48 hours before dissection. The ischiatic nerve originated from the ventral branch of the last lumbar spinal nerve, either from the sixth lumbar spinal nerve (L6) or from the seventh (L7), when present, and from the ventral branches of first and second sacral spinalnerves (S1 and S2, respectively), and possibly from the ventral branch of third sacral spinal nerve (S3). The ischiatic nerve provided branches to the superficial gluteal, middle gluteal, accessory gluteal, deep gluteal, gemelli, quadratus femoris, adductor, biceps femoris, semitendinosus and semimembranosus muscles. The tibial and common peroneal nerves were the terminal branches of the ischiatic nerve, originating distally towards the greater trochanter of the femur bone. Wilcoxon’s test (0.05) showed that statistically there were no significant differences between the frequencies of the muscular branches of the ischiatic nerve and the antimeres, regardless of the number of muscular branches

第968回千葉医学会例会・第二内科例会

Additional file 1: Table S1 Table containing the chemical composition of the buffers used during each protein purification step

Omics profiles used to evaluate the gene expression of Exiguobacterium antarcticum B7 during cold adaptation

Abstract\ud \ud Background\ud \ud Exiguobacterium antarcticum strain B7 is a Gram-positive psychrotrophic bacterial species isolated in Antarctica. Although this bacteria has been poorly studied, its genome has already been sequenced. Therefore, it is an appropriate model for the study of thermal adaptation. In the present study, we analyzed the transcriptomes and proteomes of E. antarcticum B7 grown at 0°C and 37°C by SOLiD RNA-Seq, Ion Torrent RNA-Seq and two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis tandem mass spectrometry (2D-DIGE-MS/MS).\ud \ud \ud Results\ud We found expression of 2,058 transcripts in all replicates from both platforms and differential expression of 564 genes (absolute log2FC ≥1, P-value <0.001) comparing the two temperatures by RNA-Seq. A total of 73 spots were differentially expressed between the two temperatures on 2D-DIGE, 25 of which were identified by MS/MS. Some proteins exhibited patterns of dispersion in the gel that are characteristic of post-translational modifications.\ud \ud \ud Conclusions\ud Our findings suggest that the two sequencing platforms yielded similar results and that different omic approaches may be used to improve the understanding of gene expression. To adapt to low temperatures, E. antarcticum B7 expresses four of the six cold-shock proteins present in its genome. The cold-shock proteins were the most abundant in the bacterial proteome at 0°C. Some of the differentially expressed genes are required to preserve transcription and translation, while others encode proteins that contribute to the maintenance of the intracellular environment and appropriate protein folding. The results denote the complexity intrinsic to the adaptation of psychrotrophic organisms to cold environments and are based on two omic approaches. They also unveil the lifestyle of a bacterial species isolated in Antarctica.CNPqCAPESUFPAFINEPFAPEMIGFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia de Portugal (FCT

Evaluating arsenic and manganese removal from water by chlorine oxidation followed by clarification.

This paper investigates the simultaneous removal of arsenic [As(V) or As(III)] and manganese [Mn(II)] from natural waters of low and high turbidity by clarification (with polyaluminum chloride and aluminum sulfate as primary coagulants) associated or not with chlorine pre-oxidation. The results showed that the clarification process exhibited low Mn(II) removal, that varied from 6% to 18% and from 19% to 27% for natural waters of low and high turbidity, respectively. The use of chlorine as pre-oxidant increased Mn(II) removal up to 77% and was associated with the formation of birnessite. Regarding As(V) removal by clarification, particularly for high turbidity water, a concentration lower than that established by the National Drinking Water Quality Standards (10 μg.L-1) was achieved in almost all tests. Oxidation preceding the clarification led to AsIII removal efficiencies from 80% to 90% for both coagulants and types of wate

Confecção de histórias em quadrinhos na melhoria do aprendizado de Química no Ensino Médio

As Histórias em Quadrinhos (HQs), no passado, consideradas más influência na educação de jovens e adolescentes, foram reconhecidas pelos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais, como uma ferramenta didática que vai além de simples leitura, permite explorar o imaginário dos estudantes, tornando aulas dinâmicas. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo usar a confecção de HQs na aprendizagem de conceitos químicos. A atividade foi desenvolvida em escolas publicas de Fortaleza, onde os bolsistas do Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação á Docência PIBID-Química orientaram os estudantes no desenvolvimento das estórias. A elaboração da revista foi dividida em duas etapas: na primeira selecionaram-se os conteúdos a serem trabalhados. Em seguida, confeccionados textos contendo as fundamentações teóricas e suas aplicabilidades no cotidiano. Os textos foram apresentados aos alunos das escolas que em sala de aula e em grupos, leram, discutiram e criaram suas estórias usando a imaginação, os conceitos químicos expostos e suas experiências de vida. Os estudantes tiveram a ajuda dos professores de português e artes. Foi realizada uma seleção das melhores estórias que foram incluídas na revista em quadrinhos do PIBID-Química, e distribuída entre estudantes participantes e as bibliotecas das escolas para serem utilizadas como material didático

Resistome in Lake Bolonha, Brazilian Amazon: Identification of Genes Related to Resistance to Broad-Spectrum Antibiotics

Resistance to antibiotics is one of the most relevant public health concerns in the world. Aquatic environments play an important role because they are reservoirs for antibiotic resistance genes and antibiotic-resistant strains, contributing to the spread of resistance. The present study investigated the resistome in Lake Bolonha (three sampling sites) in the Amazon region using a metagenomics approach and culture-dependent methods. Whole-metagenome-based results showed that the most abundant phyla were Protobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Cyanobacteria. The composition of the resistome demonstrated that the genes that confer resistance to β-lactams were prevalent at all sampling sites, followed by genes conferring resistance to aminoglycosides and tetracycline. Acquired genes encoding extended-spectrum β-lactamases (e.g., bla CTX-M) and resistance to carbapenems (e.g., bla IMP and bla VIM) were detected through metagenome analysis. Bacteria were isolated from culture medium supplemented with cefotaxime or imipenem, and isolates were identified and analyzed for their antibiotic susceptibility profiles and resistance genes. In total, 98 bacterial isolates belonging to the genera Pseudomonas (37), Acinetobacter (32), Klebsiella (13), Enterobacter (9), Pantoe (3), Stenotrophomonas (3), and Methylobacterium (1) were obtained. Among isolates, the most abundant genes were bla CTX-M (28.3%), bla SHV (22.6%) and bla TEM (18.8%) in isolates from cefotaxime-supplemented medium and bla VIM (28.8%) and bla IMP (22.2%) in isolates recovered from imipenem-supplemented medium. The genes intl1 and intl2 were detected in 19.3% and 7.1% of isolates. Antibiograms showed that 94.9% (from cefotaxime-supplemented medium) and 85.7% (from imipenem-supplemented medium) of the isolates were multidrug resistant. Besides cefotaxime and imipenem, isolates were mostly resistant to aztreonam (91.8%), amoxicillin (98.8%), ampicillin (82.6%), and nalidixic acid (77.5%). Hence, the present study demonstrates that Lake Bolonha is a reservoir of bacteria resistant to antibiotics and resistance genes, some of which are of critical importance to human health