47 research outputs found

    Hunter–gatherer mobility and technological landscapes in southernmost South America: a statistical learning approach

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    The present work aims to quantitatively explore and understand the relationship between mobility types (nautical versus pedestrian), specific technological traits and shared technological knowledge in pedestrian hunter–gatherer and nautical hunter–fisher–gatherer societies from the southernmost portion of South America. To that end, advanced statistical learning techniques are used: state-of-the-art classification algorithms and variable importance analyses. Results show a strong relationship between technological knowledge, traits and mobility types. Occupations can be accurately classified into nautical and pedestrian due to the existence of a non-trivial pattern between mobility and a relatively small fraction of variables from some specific technological categories. Cases where the best-fitted classification algorithm fails to generalize are found significantly interesting. These instances can unveil lack of information, not enough entries in the training set, singular features or ambiguity, the latter case being a possible indicator of the interaction between nautical and pedestrian societies.HAR-2009-06996, CSD2010-00034, HAR2017- 90883-REDC, CULM-HAR2016-77672-P (Ministerio de Ciencia e InnovacioÂŽn de Espan˜ a); PIP-0706, PIP-0348 (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientıŽficas y TecnoloÂŽgicas-Argentina) and PICT 2012-2148 (Ministerio de Ciencia, TecnologıŽa e InnovacioÂŽn Productiva de la RepuÂŽ blica Argentina); PROC/12-120610-A (SESAR WPE Long Term and Innovative Research-European Commission); and Project GR-7846 (Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research

    Back to the Grindstone? The Archaeological Potential of Grinding-Stone Studies in Africa with Reference to Contemporary Grinding Practices in Marakwet, Northwest Kenya

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    This article presents observations on grinding-stone implements and their uses in Elgeyo-Marakwet County, northwest Kenya. Tool use in Marakwet is contextualized with a select overview of literature on grinding-stones in Africa. Grinding-stones in Marakwet are incorporated not only into quotidian but also into more performative and ritual aspects of life. These tools have distinct local traditions laden with social as well as functional importance. It is argued that regionally and temporally specific studies of grinding-stone tool assemblages can be informative on the processing of various substances. Despite being common occurrences, grinding-stone tools are an under-discussed component of many African archaeological assemblages. Yet the significance of grinding-stones must be reevaluated, as they hold the potential to inform on landscapes of past food and material processing

    The site within West African political and craft history

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    Pourquoi le décorer ?Quelques observations sur le décor céramique en Afrique

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    Depuis le fameux ‘Why pots are decorated’ (David et al. 1988), le dĂ©cor cĂ©ramique est passĂ© Ă  l’arriĂšre plan des prĂ©occupations des archĂ©ologues africanistes, au profit d’autres aspects comme les techniques de fabrication ou les modes de consommation. A l’époque, l’article sonnait le glas d’un interminable dĂ©bat sur le style dominĂ© par la question du marquage des frontiĂšres sociales. En illustrant la dimension religieuse des pratiques ornementales, David et al. (1988) n’ouvraient pas seulement de nouvelles pistes d’interprĂ©tation: ils ramenaient Ă©galement le dĂ©cor parmi les autres Ă©lĂ©ments de la chaĂźne opĂ©ratoire, dont les dimensions symboliques commençaient alors Ă  ĂȘtre mises en avant par un nombre croissant d’anthropologues. Cette thĂ©orie semble aujourd’hui aussi problĂ©matique que celle qu’elle visait Ă  remplacer. Le temps est venu de remettre le dĂ©cor sur la sellette, mais dans une perspective plus large que par le passĂ©. C’est ce que vise cet article, basĂ© sur des observations ethnographiques effectuĂ©es Ă  travers le continent. Dans un premier temps, quelques aspects classiques de l’analyse des dĂ©cors sont Ă©voquĂ©s, afin d’illustrer la complexitĂ© des pratiques ornementales et les dangers d’interprĂ©tations trop univoques. Dans un second temps, de nouvelles perspectives d’interprĂ©tation sont illustrĂ©es, liĂ©es Ă  la spatialisation et aux dynamiques de constitution des mondes sociaux.SCOPUS: cp.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedArchaeological Research in Afric
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