Development of a portable system for detection of leaf area in plants

Recently, the determination of leaf area and growth rates in plants through portable devices has become popular due to the advantages offered by artificial vision systems to identify and classify objects using images. The purpose of the research was to develop a portable system for measuring leaf area through image recognition. The methodology includes 3D designs, acrylic device building, determining the area in pixels by the technique of radial basis neural networks (RBFN) directly in the RGB color space and pixel conversion to cm2. The results obtained by analysis of variance for each species showed that the p-value was greater than 0.86 for each class of plants. Moreover, the system obtained coefficients of determination higher to 0.90 for Orange leaves, coefficients of determination higher to 0.95 for Patevaca leaves and coefficients of determination higher to 0.99 for Chirimoya leaves from a set of 30 leaves belonging to 3 species of plants with different sizes and areas compared to manual analysis. This system is a useful tool for the objective determination of leaf area in plants and becomes a nationwide alternative compared to existing expensive systems. Furthermore, the system is reprogrammable, flexible, not destructive and low cost

The logbook as a monitoring and evaluation instrument – Formation of residents in the ophthalmology program

Introducción: se presenta un estudio cualitativo sobre el uso y la aplicación de las bitácoras, como proceso de evaluación en los espacios curriculares del programa de especialización de oftalmología, en la Universidad Militar Nueva Granada y el Hospital Militar Central. Métodos: se aplican encuestas y formatos de evaluación para la recolección de apreciaciones y verificación de los procesos para su posterior análisis. Resultados: se evidencia la resistencia al cambio y comodidad con los métodos tradicionales de evaluación. Conclusión: la bitácora es percibida como un instrumento adecuado de seguimiento y evaluación del proceso de aprendizaje.402-412Introduction: a qualitative study on the use and application of logbooks is presented, as a process of evaluation in the curricular areas of the ophthalmological specialization program at the Nueva Granada Military University and Central Military Hospital. Methods: tools such as surveys and evaluation forms for the collection of assessments and verification processes for further analysis were applied. Results: the tests show resistance to change and a level of comfort with traditional methods of evaluation. Conclusion: the logbook was perceived as an adequate tool for monitoring and evaluating the learning process

Food Poisoning Caused by Bacteria (Food Toxins)

In the environment, there are polluting substances that can cause adverse reactions in human beings when entering the body through different ways (ingestion, inhalation, injection, or absorption). The main pollutants can be poisons, chemical compounds, toxic gases, and bacterial toxins. These can be found in different places and their effects depend on the dose and exposure time. Furthermore, foodborne diseases (FBDs) can cause disability; these diseases can be caused by toxins produced by bacteria or other toxic substances in the food, which can cause severe diarrhea, toxic shock syndrome, debilitating infections such as meningitis and even death. FBDs are transmitted through food contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms that have multiple factors of virulence, which gives them the ability to cause an infection; some bacterial genres can produce toxins directly in the food, but other genres can produce them once they have colonized the intestine. Among the pathogens involved in FBDs that are also considered to be toxigenic are Salmonella spp., Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio cholerae, Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium botulinum, Clostridium perfringens, Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes. Foodborne diseases can be prevented and acute diarrhea syndromes, fever and even death from dehydration can be avoided, especially in children under the age of 5 and in immunocompromised people

Arquitectura computacional para estimar propiedades mecánicas de concretos fibrorreforzados con acero, con empleo de redes neuronales artificiales

De acuerdo con Sánchez (1) el concreto o ‘piedra artificial’ es un conglomerado elaborado a partir de agregados, cemento, agua y otros componentes denominados adiciones minerales y aditivos químicos. Sus propiedades mecánicas de diseño son alcanzadas veintiocho días después de hecha la mezcla y se determina con ensayos estandarizados. El concreto es un material frágil y la incorporación de fibra le permite seguir soportando esfuerzos a pesar de haber alcanzado su máxima resistencia, por lo que experimenta un comportamiento cuasi-dúctil. La predicción de sus propiedades mecánicas se ha logrado con modelos matemáticos donde la complejidad y la alta relación de dependencia no-lineal entre las variables de entrada ha llevado a la estimación al campo de la inteligencia artificial (2). La literatura reporta diversos desarrollos con RNA para estimar propiedades en concretos planos, al ser de interés la temática en concretos reforzados con fibras de acero. En este trabajo se presenta la elaboración de una arquitectura prototipo conformada por códigos computacionales con RNA, cuyo objetivo es predecir la resistencia a compresión, tracción y flexión de mezclas de concreto reforzadas con fibras de acero

Pilot-tone assisted 16-QAM photonic wireless bridge operating at 250 GHz

A photonic wireless bridge operating at a carrier frequency of 250 GHz is proposed and demonstrated. To mitigate the phase noise of the free-running lasers present in such a link, the tone-assisted carrier recovery is used. Compared to the blind phase noise compensation (PNC) algorithm, this technique exhibited penalties of 0.15 dB and 0.46 dB when used with aggregated Lorentzian linewidths of 28 kHz and 359 kHz, respectively, and 20 GBd 16-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signals. The wireless bridge is also demonstrated in a wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) scenario, where 5 optical channels are generated and sent to the Tx remote antenna unit (RAU). In this configuration, the full band from 224 GHz to 294 GHz is used. Finally, a 50 Gbit/s transmission is achieved with the proposed wireless bridge in single channel configuration. The wireless transmission distance is limited to 10 cm due to the low power emitted by the uni-travelling carrier photodiode used in the experiments. However, link budget calculations based on state-of-the-art THz technology show that distances >1000 m can be achieved with this approach.Comment: 13 pages, in Journal of Lightwave Technolog

Effects of Rose Hip (Rosa canina L.) Extract as a Natural Ingredient on the Nutritional Composition, Oxidative Stability and Sensory Attributes of Raw and Cooked Pork Patties from Majorcan Black Pig Breed under Retail Conditions

This research evaluated the effect of rose hip (RC, Rosa Canina L.) extract as a natural antioxidant ingredient on the nutritional composition and sensory attributes of Majorcan Black Pig patties. Patties were elaborated with 1.5 and 3.0g of RC and with or without 0.03g of ascorbic acid. The results suggested that the patties with 15% fat (lower fat, higher α -tocopherol), would be healthier than the ones with 23% fat. The patties containing RC had similar amounts of vitamins C and E, which differed significantly from control. The results indicated that RC could reduce the patty lipid oxidation together with ascorbic acid and this could be a good alternative for food industry. The rose hip. Flavour did not show significant differences and its scores were low, suggesting that rose hip extract did not influence negatively the taste of the patties as well as their texture. However, future research is needed to test different concentrations of the extract.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Integrating THz Wireless Communication Links in a Data Centre Network

Modern data centre networks are increasingly made up of optical fibre connections and controlled by software defined networking. Recent advances in THz wireless technologies have paved the way for ultra-high bandwidth wireless communication, reaching the point where these wireless links can begin to compete with optical fibre links. This work investigates the feasibility of integrating wireless THz links in a data centre network, reporting on the performance that can be achieved at the physical layer, proposing an architecture for the data link layer and illustrating, through network emulation, how these wireless links could be used to reduce congestion in a network

Transferencia de tecnología para las líneas 2 y 6 de 1995, como nuevas variedades mejoradas de trigo para modernización del cultivos en las zonas productivas A y B del departamento de Nariño :informe final del proyecto

Este proyecto desarrollado entre octubre de 1996 y diciembre de 1998, se realizó en las zonas productivas A y B ubicadas entre 2401 - 3000 m.s.n.m. de los municipios trigueros de : Cuaspud (Carlosama), lpiales, Pupiales, Túquerres, Sapuyes, Ospina, lles, Pasto, Yacuanquer, Tangua, Guaitarilla, Gualmatán, Cumbal e lmués, con el fin de ajustar y transferir tecnología para las líneas promisorias de trigo 2 y 6 de 1995. En 1997, luego de la evaluación y promoción de las líneas promisorias, se entregó la línea 2 de 1995 como nueva variedad mejorada para cultivarse en la zona productiva A de modernización, denominándose OBONUCO SUREÑO 97. Para 1998, se evaluó y entregó la línea 6 de 1995 (la cual reemplazó a la línea 16 de 1995) como otra nueva variedad para la zona productiva B, denominándose OBONUCO OBANDO 98. El fin de estas dos nuevas variedades es atracar a los productores variedades con resistencia a las enfermedades más limitantes como la roya amarilla, con altos rendimientos y con la calidad del grano exigida por los industriales; todo lo anterior para mejorar la competitividad del cultivo.Trigo-Triticum aestiv

First Images of the Molecular Gas around a Born-again Star Revealed by ALMA

Born-again stars allow probing stellar evolution in human timescales and provide the most promising path for the formation of hydrogen-deficient post-asymptotic giant branch objects, but their cold and molecular components remain poorly explored. Here we present ALMA observations of V 605 Aql that unveil for the first time the spatio-kinematic distribution of the molecular material associated with a born-again star. Both the continuum and molecular line emission exhibit a clumpy ring-like structure with a total extent of approximate to 1 \u27\u27 in diameter. The bulk of the molecular emission is interpreted as being produced in a radially expanding disk-like structure with an expansion velocity v(exp) similar to 90 km s(-1) and an inclination i approximate to 60 degrees with respect to the line of sight. The observations also reveal a compact high-velocity component, v(exp) similar to 280 km s(-1), that is aligned perpendicularly to the expanding disk. This component is interpreted as a bipolar outflow with a kinematical age tau less than or similar to 20 yr, which could either be material that is currently being ejected from V 605 Aql, or is being dragged from the inner parts of the disk by a stellar wind. The dust mass of the disk is in the range M-dust similar to 0.2-8 x 10(-3) M-circle dot, depending on the dust absorption coefficient. The mass of the CO is MCO approximate to 1.1 x 10(-5) M-circle dot, which is more than three orders of magnitude larger than the mass of the other detected molecules. We estimate a C-12/C-13 ratio of 5.6 +/- 0.6, which is consistent with the single stellar evolution scenario in which the star experienced a very late thermal pulse instead of a nova-like event as previously suggested

Evaluation of the Impact of the COVID-19 Lockdown in the Clinical Course of Migraine

Objective: Previous studies have demonstrated that emotional stress, changes in lifestyle habits and infections can worsen the clinical course of migraine. We hypothesize that changes in habits and medical care during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown might have worsened the clinical course of migraine. Design: Retrospective survey study collecting online responses from migraine patients followed-up by neurologists at three tertiary hospitals between June and July 2020. Methods: We used a web-based survey that included demographic data, clinical variables related with any headache (frequency) and migraine (subjective worsening, frequency, and intensity), lockdown, and symptoms of post-traumatic stress. Results: The response rate of the survey was 239/324 (73.8%). The final analysis included 222 subjects. Among them, 201/222 (90.5%) were women, aged 42.5 ± 12.0 (mean±SD). Subjective improvement of migraine during lockdown was reported in 31/222 participants (14.0%), while worsening in 105/222 (47.3%) and was associated with changes in migraine triggers such as stress related to going outdoors and intake of specific foods or drinks. Intensity of attacks increased in 67/222 patients (30.2%), and it was associated with the subjective worsening, female sex, recent insomnia, and use of acute medication during a headache. An increase in monthly days with any headache was observed in 105/222 patients (47.3%) and was related to symptoms of post-traumatic stress, older age and living with five or more people. Conclusions: Approximately half the migraine patients reported worsening of their usual pain during the lockdown. Worse clinical course in migraine patients was related to changes in triggers and the emotional impact of the lockdown. © 2021 The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Academy of Pain Medicine