Burnout Syndrome Among Catholic Clergy: A Systematic Review

Burnout syndrome implies exhaustion, loss of motivation, low performance, and absenteeism. Catholic clergy are not exempt. This systematic review compiles and analyzes evidence related to burnout in Catholic clergy and potential modulating variables. Following the PRISMA methodology, systematic searches in different scientific databases identified 17 studies, revealing that burnout is related to age, personality traits, and type of priesthood. No relation between burnout and social support, self-care, spiritual practice, or workload was detected. It is necessary to adapt conceptual models to the peculiarities of burnout among clergy, extending assessment strategies and introducing working and organizational perspectives in the analysis of modulating variables, and in the development of prevention and intervention programs

Título: LABORATORIO PROYECTOS ARQUITECTÓNICOS 5 “Estudio de la viabilidad de un Laboratorio de Proyectos Arquitectónicos mínimo para el desarrollo de la docencia”

Presenta un análisis del trabajo realizado por el profesor JOSÉ RAMÓN SOLA ALONSO dentro de las asignaturas de Proyectos V y Proyectos VI del Departamento de Teoría de la Arquitectura y Proyectos arquitectónicos de la Universidad de Valladolid, desarrollado en el Taller de Materia Luz y Color bajo la dirección de Eduardo M. González Fraile. Profesor: JOSÉ RAMÓN SOLA ALONSODepartamento de Teoría de la Arquitectura y Proyectos Arquitectónico

PID_16_17_LPA5_Anexo

Innovación EducativaPresenta un análisis del taller realizado CARDBOARD PROJECT por el profesor JAVIER BLANCO MARTÍN y la propuesta ganadora del concurso público para “CARDBOARD PROJECT. Workshop de investigación del cartón como elemento arquitectónico”. Residencia para instalación arquitectónica/escultórica, consistente en la investigación de un prototipo de refugio para damnificados en situaciones de emergencia con cartón “nido de abeja”. EfímerARQ WORKSHOP Exposición: “LA IN.REVERBERANCIA DEL CARTÓN Y OTRAS LUCES. EfímerARQ”. Realizada en diciembre de 2016. Lugar: LABORATORIO DE LAS ARTES DEL AYUNTAMIENTO DE VALLADOLID. ORGANIZADO POR: LAVA y E.T.S. ARQUITECTURA DE VALLADOLID. Profesor: JAVIER BLANCO MARTÍNDepartamento de Teoría de la Arquitectura y Proyectos Arquitectónico

Research and analysis. Eastern wing of the cloister at Santiago de Compostela cathedral

En restauración arquitectónica y, sobre todo, monumental, los aspectos de investigación y de formación son fundamentales y van unidos intrínsecamente al proyecto. En primer lugar, porque la restauración de un edificio es imposible sin conocer la arquitectura que la sustenta, conceptual y materialmente, en los aspectos técnicos, constructivos, de contexto, de cómo se utilizaban los recintos, cuáles eran los programas, etc. De manera que un arquitecto, en ese escenario, es también un investigador, como, en el fondo, debe serlo en cualquier ámbito de su oficio. Pero también ese conocimiento forma al profesional y debe dar formación a los jóvenes, que ahora disponen de pocas posibilidades de ensayar la interpretación de los datos materiales y adentrarse en los misterios y mensajes de los inmuebles antiguos. Se recrean aquí, en la panda este del claustro de la catedral de Santiago de Compostela, los temas relativos al análisis y a la investigación que requiere un proyecto de tal pasado y tal calado. Desgraciadamente, aunque estaba previsto, no ha sido posible hacer visitas con los estudiantes de arquitectura debido a las circunstancias que ha presentado el segundo semestre de este curso 2019-2020.In architectonic restoration, and primarily, tasks involving monuments, research aspects and educational grounding come to the fore, meaning that they are intrinsically linked to the project. Firstly, this is due to the fact that the restoration of a building is impossible without knowledge of the architecture that underpins it, in conceptual and material terms, in its technical, constructive and contextual aspects, how the spaces are used, what the itineraries etc. involved were. An architect, against this backdrop, is also a researcher, as fundamentally, they must be while performing any aspect of their trade. Yet this knowledge also trains the professional and must provide information to aspiring architects who nowadays have scant possibilities to test the interpretation of material data and delve into the mysteries and messages of ancient properties. Herein, a recreation has been made of the Eastern Wing of the cloisters at Santiago de Compostela Cathedral, the issues relating to the analysis and research that require a project with such a past and of such magnitude. Unfortunately, although these had been scheduled, it has not been possible to carry out visits with architecture undergraduates owing to the circumstances that have disrupted the second semester of the 2019- 2020 academic year

Cognitive behavioural therapy plus standard care versus standard care for persistent aggressive behaviour or agitation in people with schizophrenia

Background: Schizophrenia and other psychoses are thought to be associated with a substantial increase in aggressive behaviour, violence and violent offending. However, acts of aggression or violence committed by people with severe mental illness are rare and circumscribed to a small minority of individuals. We know little about the frequency and variability of violent episodes for people with schizophrenia who present chronic or recurrent aggressive episodes, and of available interventions to reduce such problems. A psychological intervention, cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), aims to challenge dysfunctional thoughts and has been used since the mid-1970s to improve mental health and emotional disorders. CBT includes different interventional procedures, such as cognitive therapy, elements of behavioural therapy, problem-solving interventions, and coping skills training, among others. Although CBT presents much diversity, interventions are characteristically problem-focused, goal-directed, future-oriented, time-limited (about 12 to 20 sessions over four to six months), and empirically based. CBT has shown clinically beneficial effects in persistent positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia and its use as an add-on therapy to medication in the treatment of schizophrenia is supported by treatment guidelines. However, several Cochrane Reviews recently concluded that, due to the low quality of evidence available, no firm conclusions can currently be made regarding the effectiveness of adding CBT to standard care for people with schizophrenia, or about CBT compared to other psychosocial treatments for people with schizophrenia. Whereas CBT is not an emergency or crisis intervention that acts immediately on the known or unknown triggers underlying aggressive behaviour, might be a timely treatment used to manage persistent aggression or repeated aggressive episodes in people with schizophrenia. Objectives: To assess the efficacy and safety of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) plus standard care versus standard care alone for people with schizophrenia and persistent aggression. Search methods: On 18 January 2023, we searched the Cochrane Schizophrenia Group's Study-Based Register of Trials which is based on CENTRAL, CINAHL, ClinicalTrials.Gov, Embase, ISRCTN, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed, and WHO ICTRP. We also inspected references of all identified studies for more studies. Selection criteria: All randomised controlled trials comparing CBT plus standard care with standard care alone for people with schizophrenia and persistent aggression. Data collection and analysis: We independently inspected citations, selected studies, extracted data and appraised study quality. For binary outcomes, we calculated risk ratios (RR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). For continuous outcomes we calculated mean differences (MD) and their 95%CIs for outcomes reported with the same measurement scale. Post hoc, for counts over person-time outcomes, we calculated incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and their 95%CIs. If feasible, we combined study outcomes with the random-effects model. We assessed the risk of bias for included studies and created a summary of findings table using the GRADE approach. Main results: We included two studies with 184 participants with psychotic disorder (mainly schizophrenia) and violence. The studies were run in forensic units and prison. Both studies were at high risk of bias on blinding (performance and detection bias). CBT plus standard care as compared with standard care may result in little to no difference in the frequency of physical violence at end of trial (IRR 0.52; 95% CI 0.23 to 1.18) and follow-up (IRR 0.86; 95% CI 0.44 to 1.68). The confidence interval did not exclude the null effect, and the certainty of the evidence is very low due to lack of blinding and to the small sample size. One study reported no deaths in both arms and zero serious and other adverse events. The other study did not report any figure for deaths or adverse events. CBT plus standard care as compared with standard care may result in little to no difference in leaving the study early for any reason (RR 1.04; 95% CI 0.53 to 2.00). Confidence interval did not exclude the null effect and the certainty of the evidence is low due to lack of blinding and the small sample size. Authors' conclusions: Whereas the evidence from only two studies with 184 participants suggests the use of CBT plus standard care may reduce some aggressive behaviours in patients with schizophrenia, the grading of the certainty of the evidence is very low. It implies that there is not yet reliable evidence to guide clinical decisions and therefore more evidence is needed to get a more precise estimate of the effect of the intervention. Currently, we have very little confidence in the effect estimate, and the true effect could be substantially different from its estimate

Does technology-based interventions in psychosis improved functioning and quality of life? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction: Technology-based interventions (TBIs), including computer and Internet-based interventions, mobile interventions, health applications, social media interventions, and interventions using technological devices, could become a useful, effective, accessible, and cost-effective approach (Berry et al., 2016; Firth, 2016) to complement conventional interventions for psychosi

Are allergic diseases and internalizing and externalizing behaviours in children related? A cross-sectional study

Introduction: The prevalence of allergies in children has grown in last few decades. Allergies are very often associated with physical, mental, and emotional problems that could be detected through child’s behaviour and feelings

The relationship between allergic diseases and internalising and externalising behaviours in Spanish children: a cross-sectional study

Introduction and objectives: the relationship between allergic diseases and behavioural disorders is still unclear. The objective of this study is to describe and compare children’s behaviour (internalising and externalising) across a sample of children between 6 and 11-years-old with and without allergic diseases. Materials and methods: a cross-sectional, observational case-control study that comprises a survey of 366 families (194 cases and 172 controls) including a Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL) and a sociodemographic questionnaire with questions related to family, school education, health conditions, and allergy symptoms was administered. Results: children with a diagnosis of allergy showed higher scores in the overall CBCL score (standardised mean differences [SMD] = 0.47; CI: 0.26–0.68) and in the internalising and externalising factors (SMD = 0.52 and SMD = 0.36, respectively) than non-allergic children. Odds ratio analyses showed a higher risk (OR = 2.76; CI 95% [1.61 to 4.72]) of developing a behavioural difficulty in children diagnosed with allergies. Age and level of asthma appears as modulatory variables. Conclusions: children diagnosed with allergies at age 6 to 11 years show larger behavioural problems than non-allergic children, especially in internalising behaviours. These findings suggest the importance of attending to them and treating them in the early stages of the diagnosis to avoid future psychological disorders