Motivos por los que los estudiantes universitarios no practican deporte

Este estudio examinó las causas por las que los jóvenes universitarios no practican deporte. Los participantes fueron estudiantes de la Universidad de Oviedo (N = 1.916). Los resultados mostraron que aquellos que manifiestan motivos de carácter extrínseco para explicar su desvinculación activa del deporte, son estudiantes que, a pesar de todo, siguen estando interesados y predispuestos a practicar (no-practica de carácter reluctante, o también de una no-práctica contra el corazón, con mayores posibilidades de ser captados o reintegrados al deporte). Mientras que los que aducen motivos de carácter intrínseco son universitarios que han dejado de estar interesados por el deporte, les ha dejado de gustar, les resulta aburrido, etc. (no-practica por descontento, con menores posibilidades de ser captados o reincorporados). Observamos que estas dos direcciones se relacionan con el género, la percepción de las repercusiones de la práctica deporte en los estudios y la importancia que asignan al deporte en la vida universitaria. Finalmente se discuten sus implicaciones.This papers presents the reasons why university students say that they don’t practice sports. The information comes from a survey answered by students from the Universidad de Oviedo. The results show that those students who talk about external reasons to quit from sports (reluctant non-practice o against the sentiments non-practice) are students that keep an interest in sports and, eventually, could come back to sports activities. They are people with some possibilities to be active again in sports practice. Whereas those students who sustain internal reasons to quit from sports practice are people who has not interest at all in sports. They don’t like it anymore or they find it boring (non-practice by dissatisfaction). They are people with less possibilities to come again to sports practice. We can see that in both groups there are meaningful variables such as sex, students perception of the impact of sports in academic results and the importance that they give to sports in university life. The paper concludes with the discussion of the implications that the analysed classifications can have in the increase of university sports practice

Effects of Replacing Dry-rolled Corn with Increasing Levels of Corn Dried Distillers Grains with Solubles on Characteristics of Digestion, Microbial Protein Synthesis and Digestible Energy of Diet in Hair Lambs Fed High-concentrate Diets.

Four male lambs (Katahdin; average live weight 25.9±2.9 kg) with "T" type cannulas in the rumen and proximal duodenum were used in a 4×4 Latin square experiment to evaluate the influence of supplemental dry distillers grain with solubles (DDGS) levels (0, 10, 20 and 30%, dry matter basis) in substitution for dry-rolled (DR) corn on characteristics of digestive function and digestible energy (DE) of diet. Treatments did not influence ruminal pH. Substitution of DR corn with DDGS increased ruminal neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestion (quadratic effect, p<0.01), but decreased ruminal organic matter (OM) digestion (linear effect, p<0.01). Replacing corn with DDGS increased (linear, p≤0.02) duodenal flow of lipids, NDF and feed N. But there were no treatment effects on flow to the small intestine of microbial nitrogen (MN) or microbial N efficiency. The estimated UIP value of DDGS was 44%. Postruminal digestion of OM, starch, lipids and nitrogen (N) were not affected by treatments. Total tract digestion of N increased (linear, p = 0.04) as the DDGS level increased, but DDGS substitution tended to decrease total tract digestion of OM (p = 0.06) and digestion of gross energy (p = 0.08). However, it did not affect the dietary digestible energy (DE, MJ/kg), reflecting the greater gross energy content of DDGS versus DR corn in the replacements. The comparative DE value of DDGS may be considered similar to the DE value of the DR corn it replaced up to 30% in the finishing diets fed to lambs

Cambios nictemerales en la distribución vertical de algunos microcrustáceos en un lago artificial del neotrópico (Colombia)

En el Lago Acuarela, un sistema artificial de poca profundidad, se analizó la distribución vertical diaria de los microcrustáceos planctónicos y su relación con algunas variables físicas y químicas. Se evaluaron cuatro ciclos nictemerales a intervalos de tres horas en el sitio más profundo del lago. El cuerpo de agua presentó: Inestabilidad térmica en casi todos los horarios de octubre, enero y mayo, estratificación física y química permanente en todo el nictemeral de marzo y estratificación óxica en todos los muestreos, con anóxia en el fondo. Bosmina longirostris (Cladocera) fue la especie más abundante, seguida de los nauplios (Copepoda) que presentaron mayor densidad que los adultos de Arctodiaptomus dorsalis y Thermocyclops decipiens (Copepoda). Las tres especies y los nauplios presentaron diferencias significativas de la densidad entre los ciclos y en su distribución vertical para cada muestreo, pero no se hallaron diferencias significativas entre horarios, por lo que posiblemente predominó la migración horizontal sobre la migración vertical. Los microcrustáceos se ubicaron principalmente en capas eufóticas y frecuentemente se agregaron en la columna de agua como un gremio más que como poblaciones aisladas, excepto en algunas ocasiones T. decipiens.The diel vertical distribution of the planktonic microcrustacean and its relationship with some physical and chemical variables was analyzed in the Lake Acuarela, a little depth artificial system. Four nictemeral cycles were evaluated at intervals of three hours in the deepest place of the lake. The water body had: Thermal instability in almost every hour of October, January and May, permanent physical and chemical stratification in the whole nictemeral of March and oxic stratification in all the samplings, with an anoxic bottom. Bosmina longirostris (Cladocera) was the most abundant species followed by the nauplios (Copepoda) that had a higher density than the adults of Arctodiaptomus dorsalis and Thermocyclops decipiens (Copepoda). Those three species and the nauplios had significant differences of density among the cycles and in their vertical distribution for each sampling, but there were not significant differences among hours, this could means that the horizontal migration possibly prevailed on the vertical migration. The microcrustaceans were located mainly in euphotic layers and frequently they were aggregated in the water column like a guilt more than like isolated populations, except in some occasions T. decipiens

Chronic Elevation of Liver Enzymes in Acute Intermittent Porphyria Initially Misdiagnosed as Autoimmune Hepatitis

Autoimmune hepatitis is a disease characterized by an elevation of liver enzymes, as well as specific autoantibodies. It is more common in women than men. We describe a 32-year-old woman with elevated transaminases, autoantibodies, and a liver biopsy result suggestive of autoimmune hepatitis. The indicated treatment was administered without showing a satisfactory response. The patient had a family history of acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) so we decided to begin treatment with hematin, achieving a complete remission of the symptoms. Acute intermittent porphyria is a rare condition characterized by neurovisceral symptoms, abdominal pain being the most common of them. The disease has a higher prevalence among young women and certain European countries such as Sweden, Great Britain, and Spain. A correct diagnosis and prompt treatment are essential because patients affected by AIP must have a strict followup due to the fatal outcome of the outbreaks

Laccase gene silencing negatively effects growth and development in Pleurotus ostreatus

42-51In this study we describe the effects of Pleurotus ostreatus transformants that have been silenced for laccase genes. Using the RNAi strategy, transformants with different levels of phenotypic alteration were obtained with respect to their oxidation capacity of 2,6-dimethoxyphenol (DMP). The analysis of laccase activity on DMP allowed us to select transformants with severe, medium and light phenotypic alteration in comparison to the PoB strain. The measurements of the average growth rate of the transformants with severe phenotypic alteration suggested that laccase expression could play a role in the vegetative growth of P. ostreatus. It was observed that both in solid and liquid cultures, PoB and the transformants express mRNA for lacc10, although the transformants with medium and severe phenotypic alteration present a decrease in intensity, especially in solid culture. This suggests that the product of this gene is responsible for the development of the mycelium and probably participates in the production of biomass in solid culture and also could be related to the decrease in the intensity of the constant isoenzyme observed in both culture systems

On the order of summability of the Fourier inversion formula

In this article we show that the order of the point value, in the sense of Łojasiewicz, of a tempered distribution and the order of summability of the pointwise Fourier inversion formula are closely related. Assuming that the order of the point values and certain order of growth at infinity are given for a tempered distribution, we estimate the order of summability of the Fourier inversion formula. For Fourier series, and in other cases, it is shown that if the distribution has a distributional point value of order k, then its Fourier series is e.v. Cesàro summable to the distributional point value of order k+1. Conversely, we also show that if the pointwise Fourier inversion formula is e.v. Cesàro summable of order k, then the distribution is the (k+1)-th derivative of a locally integrable function, and the distribution has a distributional point value of order k+2. We also establish connections between orders of summability and local behavior for other Fourier inversion problems

Electrostatic microturbulence in W7-X: comparison of local gyrokinetic simulations with Doppler reflectometry measurements

The first experimental campaigns of Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) have shown that turbulence plays a decisive role in the performance of neoclassically optimized stellarators. This stresses the importance of understanding microturbulence from the theoretical and experimental points of view. To this end, this paper addresses a comprehensive characterization of the turbulent fluctuations by means of nonlinear gyrokinetic simulations performed with the code stella in two W7-X scenarios. In the first part of the paper, the amplitude of the density fluctuations is calculated and compared with measurements obtained by Doppler reflectometry (DR) in the OP1 experimental campaigns. It is found that the trend of the fluctuations along the radius is explained by the access of the DR system to different regions of the turbulence wavenumber spectrum. In the second part of the article, frequency spectra of the density fluctuations and the zonal component of the turbulent flow are numerically characterized for comparisons against future experimental analyses. Both quantities feature broad frequency spectra with dominant frequencies of O(1)–O(10) kHz

Resistencia de vigas esbeltas de acero inoxidable bajo cargas concentradas mediante elementos finitos

El uso de acero inoxidable en estructuras ha cobrado fuerza en los últimos años debido a su gran relación costo-beneficio en el tiempo, brindando una gran protección a la corrosión, resistencia al fuego y una resistencia a la fluencia mayor que la brindada por los aceros estructurales de uso común en la industria. A pesar de este incremento en su uso todavía existe cierto grado de incertidumbre y desconocimiento de sus aplicaciones, pues los códigos de diseño de acero enfocan su atención en el acero estructural. Por lo tanto, en el presente trabajo se reportan los resultados del estudio numérico de vigas esbeltas de acero inoxidable utilizado en puentes, sometidos a carga concentrada con el objeto de aumentar el estado del arte de esta aplicación en particular. Un modelo por elementos finitos es construido tomando en cuenta el comportamiento no lineal del material y las imperfecciones iniciales (deflexiones en el alma y esfuerzos residuales). El modelo es validado utilizando data experimental encontrada en la literatura, empleando el software comercial MSC.Marc. Posteriormente se realiza un estudio paramétrico de la influencia de la relación de espesores (tf / tw) y relación de zona de carga - largo de viga (ss/a) en la resistencia última. Finalmente, se obtiene que el uso del acero inoxidable presenta ventajas en su comportamiento post-crítico respecto a paneles geométricamente similares de acero estructural, permitiendo la optimización estructural de vigas esbeltas para puentes.The use of stainless steel in structures has gained momentum in recent years due to its good cost-benefit over time, protection to corrosion, fire resistance and creep resistance greater than that provided by structural steel commonly used in industry. Despite this increase in use there is still some degree of uncertainty and lack of knowledge regarding their application, as steel design codes focus on structural steel. Therefore, the present work reports the results of the numerical study of thin stainless steel beams used in bridges, subjected to concentrated loads, in order to increase the state of the art of this particular application. A finite element model is constructed taking into account the non-linear behavior of the material and the initial imperfections (deflections in the web and residual stresses). The model is validated using experimental data found in the literature, using commercial software MSC.Marc. Then, a parametric study of the influence of the thickness ratio (tf / tw) and load area – length of beam ratio (ss / a) on the ultimate strength is performed. Finally, it is obtained that the use of the stainless steel presents advantages in its post-critical behavior with respect to geometrically similar panels of structural steel, allowing the structural optimization of slender beams for bridges

Resistencia de vigas esbeltas de acero inoxidable bajo cargas concentradas mediante elementos finitos

El uso de acero inoxidable en estructuras ha cobrado fuerza en los últimos años debido a su gran relación costo-beneficio en el tiempo, brindando una gran protección a la corrosión, resistencia al fuego y una resistencia a la fluencia mayor que la brindada por los aceros estructurales de uso común en la industria. A pesar de este incremento en su uso todavía existe cierto grado de incertidumbre y desconocimiento de sus aplicaciones, pues los códigos de diseño de acero enfocan su atención en el acero estructural. Por lo tanto, en el presente trabajo se reportan los resultados del estudio numérico de vigas esbeltas de acero inoxidable utilizado en puentes, sometidos a carga concentrada con el objeto de aumentar el estado del arte de esta aplicación en particular. Un modelo por elementos finitos es construido tomando en cuenta el comportamiento no lineal del material y las imperfecciones iniciales (deflexiones en el alma y esfuerzos residuales). El modelo es validado utilizando data experimental encontrada en la literatura, empleando el software comercial MSC.Marc. Posteriormente se realiza un estudio paramétrico de la influencia de la relación de espesores (tf / tw) y relación de zona de carga - largo de viga (ss/a) en la resistencia última. Finalmente, se obtiene que el uso del acero inoxidable presenta ventajas en su comportamiento post-crítico respecto a paneles geométricamente similares de acero estructural, permitiendo la optimización estructural de vigas esbeltas para puentes.The use of stainless steel in structures has gained momentum in recent years due to its good cost-benefit over time, protection to corrosion, fire resistance and creep resistance greater than that provided by structural steel commonly used in industry. Despite this increase in use there is still some degree of uncertainty and lack of knowledge regarding their application, as steel design codes focus on structural steel. Therefore, the present work reports the results of the numerical study of thin stainless steel beams used in bridges, subjected to concentrated loads, in order to increase the state of the art of this particular application. A finite element model is constructed taking into account the non-linear behavior of the material and the initial imperfections (deflections in the web and residual stresses). The model is validated using experimental data found in the literature, using commercial software MSC.Marc. Then, a parametric study of the influence of the thickness ratio (tf / tw) and load area – length of beam ratio (ss / a) on the ultimate strength is performed. Finally, it is obtained that the use of the stainless steel presents advantages in its post-critical behavior with respect to geometrically similar panels of structural steel, allowing the structural optimization of slender beams for bridges