Bares 2.0 wave buoy and sustainable buoy network

The aim of this article is to show the operation of the Bares 2.0 wave buoy and the Bares network developed by HCTech. In the marine sector it is highly important to know the state of the sea for applications such as the construction of ports, the study of the impact of waves in coastal areas, the development and calibration of forecasting wave models, the knowledge of the state of the maritime navigation channels, etc. Some of the great difficulties that exist in order to obtain the information of ocean waves is the high cost of the buoys, installation and maintenance. The Bares network aims to cover areas of high oceanographic interest, the target is a sustainable network of buoys that facilitate the access to wave data. The features of this network are the optimized cost, high reliability and reduced maintenance.Peer Reviewe

Barriers to innovation and subsidy effectiveness

We explore the effects of subsidies by means of a model of firms' decisions about performing R&D when some government support can be expected. We estimate it with data on about 2,000 performinga nd nonperformingS panishm anufacturingfi rms. Wec omputet he subsidies required to induce R&D spending, we detect the firms that would cease to perform R&D without subsidies, and assess the change in the privately financed effort. Results suggest that subsidies stimulate R&D and some firms would stop performing in their absence, but most actual subsidies go to firms that would have performed R&D otherwise. We find no crowding out of private funds.Publicad

Comparative Study of Xenobiotic-Free Media for the Cultivation of Human Limbal Epithelial Stem/Progenitor Cells.

The culture of human limbal epithelial stem/progenitor cells (LSCs) in the presence of animal components poses the risk of cross-species contamination in clinical applications. We quantitatively compared different xenobiotic-free culture media for the cultivation of human LSCs. LSCs were cultured from 2 × 2 mm limbal tissue explants on denuded human amniotic membrane with different xenobiotic-free culture media: CnT-Prime (CnT-PR) supplemented with 0%, 1%, 5%, and 10% human serum (HS), embryonic stem cell medium (ESCM) alone or in combination with the standard supplemented hormonal epithelium medium (SHEM, control) at a 1:1 dilution ratio, and modified SHEM (mSHEM), in which cholera toxin and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were removed, isoproterenol was added, and the epidermal growth factor concentration was reduced. Several parameters were quantified to assess the LSC phenotype: cell morphology, cell growth, cell size, outgrowth size, and expression of the undifferentiated LSC markers cytokeratin (K) 14, and p63α high-expressing (p63αbright) cells, a mature keratinocyte marker K12, epithelial marker pancytokeratin (PanK), and stromal cell marker vimentin (Vim). Compared with the standard SHEM control, CnT-PR base medium was associated with a lower cell growth and reduction in the proportion of stem cells generated regardless of the amount of HS supplemented (p < 0.05); ESCM resulted in an increased proportion of PanK-/Vim+ stromal cells (p < 0.05) and a decreased proportion of p63αbright cells (p < 0.05); mSHEM supported a similar cell growth (p > 0.05), increased the number of small cells (diameter ≤12 μm; p < 0.05), and provided a similar proportion of p63αbright cells (p > 0.05). Among all the conditions tested, mSHEM was the most efficient and consistent in supporting the LSC phenotype and growth

Regional distribution of the knowledge based economy in the eu: towards an oligocentric model?

The emergence of new economic activities is a driving force of economic growth and its geography is clearly controversial. But the Knowledge-Based Economy (K-BE) is something more than new activities, it is also about the ongoing renewal of all economic activities. And this increasing knowledge intensity of every activity could have an effect on the geography of large part of industries. In this paper we aims to contribute to a better understanding of the geography of Knowledge-Based Economy (K-BE), by an empirical examen of its geographic concentration across European regions. To do so we classify economic activities into six sectors according to its knowledge/technology intensity and we analyse its concentration patterns at the EU regional level (nuts 2). The six sectors we set-up are: High, Medium and Low Knowledge Intensive Services and High, Medium and Low Tech Manufacturing. The data has been provided by the REGIO database (Eurostat). At the same time, we also try to capture the regional specialisation patterns. The results regarding concentration show that the higher the knowledge/technology content of the economic activity, the higher its concentration level is. Besides, we found that some services activities (the high knowledge intensive ones), present similar concentration levels than high or medium tech manufacturing. On the other hand, regarding specialisation the most outstanding result is the clear predominance of metropolitan regions in the highest knowledge/technology intensive activities (particularly in the case of services). Altogether, the picture delivered on a whole viewpoint is one where a reinforced oligocentric model remains in Europe, while relativelly reshaping its appearence: southern German regions leading high and medium tech manufacturing and the English Southeast leading high knowledge-intensive services, but sharing all of them its relevance with a peak range of growing state metropolis (particularly capitals) from both northern and southern Europe. Key words: regional concentration,knowledge intensive activities,oligocentric model.

Strain mapping and nanocrystallite size determination by neutron diffraction in an aluminum alloy (AA5083) severely plastically deformed through equal channel angular pressing

Six specimens of an aluminum alloy (AA-5083) extruded by Equal Channel Angular Pressing following two different routes plus a blank sample were examined with a neutron radiation of 1.5448 Å. Macrostrain maps from the (311) reflection were obtained. A clear difference about accumulated macrostrain with the extrusion cycles between the two routes is shown. The diffraction data of annealed specimens did permit to estimate crystallite sizes that range between 89 nm and 115 nm depending on the routes

MIPyMES influence on job creation in Texcoco, XI Region, State of Mexico

The aim of this study was to analyze MIPyMEs in Texcoco Region XI and determine their influence on job creation. According to the economic census data contained in the National Directory of Economic Units (2010 and 2014), in this area there were 18,304 establishments in 2000, with a MIPyME participation of 99.96% By 2014, this number increased to 19.801, with 99.89%. The PEA grew to 111,049 people in 2005, in comparison to 2000. For 2010, the PEA showed a significant growth to 155, 439 people, as well as the occupied people that move to 153,700.El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas (MIPyMES) en la Región XI Texcoco y determinar su influencia en la generación de empleos. Según datos recabados del censo económico contenidos en el Directorio Nacional de Unidades Económicas (DNUE, 2010 y 2014), en esta zona, para el 2010, existían 18,304 establecimientos con una participación de 99.96% para las MIPyMES. Para el 2014, esta cifra pasó a 19,801; las MIPyMES representaban el 99.89%. La PEA, en el año 2005, creció en comparación con el año 2000 al pasar a 111,049 personas. Para 2010, la PEA mostró un crecimiento significativo a pasar a 155, 439 personas. También creció la población ocupada al pasar a 153,700 personas