Historia de la matemática y dimensión cultural de las matemáticas

Beyond the recognized instrumental nature of mathematics, as a language and a tool in the service of science and technology, the History of Mathematics reveals its cultural dimension and its remarkable impact on the History of thought. That’s why it is an instrument to dignify and culturally enrich the teaching of Mathematics and promote their interdisciplinary integration into the harmonic overall of the scientific, artistic and humanistic knowledge that constitutes Culture. In a very synthetic way, it searches in the links that Mathematics has established throughout history with the various disciplines, particularly those that in academic sense are called humanistic. Thus we can see that in every era, many of the ideas developed by Mathematics arise from the interaction with its cultural environment and they revert to it as a language as well as a tool of interpretation of that whole world

Arquimedes, un savi entre la història i la llegenda

Arquimedes és un dels més grans matemàtics de tots els temps, tant per la magnitud de la seva contribució al patrimoni matemàtic de la humanitat com per la genialitat dels seus mètodes. Ja que el mètode mecànic d'investigació d'El mètode d'Arquimedes apunta històricament cap als indivisibles i infinitesimals de les tècniques de quadratura del segle xvi que varen conduir al descobriment del càlcul infinitesimal per Newton i Leibniz, i el mètode demostratiu d'exhaustió apunta cap a les tècniques aritmètiques dels límits que fonamenten l'anàlisi moderna en el segle xix, la conjunció d'ambdós mètodes, un d'heurístic i empíric i un altre de rigorós i apodíctic, situa Arquimedes en les arrels històriques del càlcul integral.Archimedes is one of the greatest mathematicians of all times, both for the magnitude of his contribution to the mathematical heritage of mankind and for the geniality of his methods. His mechanicalfact-finding method, historically aims to the indivisible and infinitesimal of the quadrature techniques of the XVIIth century that led to the discovery of Infinitesimal Calculus by Newton and Leibniz, whereas the demonstrative method of exhaustion points to the arithmetic techniques of the limits which base modern Analysis in the century XIXth. The conjunction of both methods, one of them heuristic and empiricist and the other one rigorous and apodictic, place Archimedes in the historic roots of Integral Calculus

Desarrollo de un sistema informacional inmobiliario para entidades bancarias

En este trabajo de fin de grado se abordará el diseño e implementación de un sistema informacional referente a la gestión de inmuebles para una entidad bancaria. Este sistema se basa en la construcción de un almacén de datos o Data Warehouse (DW), junto con el conjunto de procesos y actividades dirigidas a la construcción y gestión de un repositorio para los datos sobre las propiedades inmobiliarias de la entidad. Dichos datos se cargarán en el sistema recopilándolos desde diversos orígenes de datos que proporcionan toda la información relevante. Esta integración de datos desde los mencionados orígenes hacia el repositorio central se realizará mediante la implementación de una batería de procesos ETL (extracción, transformación y carga) diseñados a tal efecto. La finalidad última del DW implementado es su posterior explotación con la ayuda de técnicas de inteligencia de negocios (BI) que alimentarán herramientas de cuadros de mandos y reportes para apoyar la toma de decisiones analíticas de los usuarios finales del banco

Understanding the Predictors of Economic Politics on Elite Sport: A Case Study from Spain

Sport federations (NSFs) are the main promoters of sport at a national level. Their complex management involves coordinating relations with private entities, public administrations, and international organisations. Therefore, the economic situation of a country and its sport support policies have significant influences on the achievement of the NSFs’ objectives and, therefore, on their sustainability and influence on an active population. This study analyses the determinants of the financial performance of 59 Spanish sport federations (SSFs), 28 Olympic and 31 non-Olympic, based on the relationship between the funding received and their international results during the period from 2007 to 2019 (both years included). The preliminary data analysis included an examination of the missing data, and a t-test was used to compare Olympic and non-Olympic sport federations regarding different variables related to their resources and results. In addition, multiple linear regressions identified the possible predictors of the financing of sport federations and were separately performed for Olympic and non-Olympic federations. The results showed that SSFs were able to maintain their results in the face of decreasing resources. In addition, Olympic SSFs were found to be less dependent on public funding than non-Olympic SSFs for competitive results. This is evidence of a paradigm shift in the management of Spanish federated sports, evolving towards a model that is less dependent on the state, more efficient, and therefore more sustainable.Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture, and Sport-Salvador de Madariaga PRX 16/0036

The ARAUCARIA project: Grid-Based Quantitative Spectroscopic Study of Massive Blue Stars in NGC55

The quantitative study of the physical properties and chemical abundances of large samples of massive blue stars at different metallicities is a powerful tool to understand the nature and evolution of these objects. Their analysis beyond the Milky Way is challenging, nonetheless it is doable and the best way to investigate their behavior in different environments. Fulfilling this task in an objective way requires the implementation of automatic analysis techniques that can perform the analyses systematically, minimizing at the same time any possible bias. As part of the ARAUCARIA project we carry out the first quantitative spectroscopic analysis of a sample of 12 B-type supergiants in the galaxy NGC55 at 1.94 Mpc away. By applying the methodology developed in this work, we derive their stellar parameters, chemical abundances and provide a characterization of the present-day metallicity of their host galaxy. Based on the characteristics of the stellar atmosphere/line formation code FASTWIND, we designed and created a grid of models for the analysis of massive blue supergiant stars. Along with this new grid, we implemented a spectral analysis algorithm. Both tools were specially developed to perform fully consistent quantitative spectroscopic analyses of low spectral resolution of B-type supergiants in a fast and objective way. We present the main characteristics of our FASTWIND model grid and perform a number of tests to investigate the reliability of our methodology. The automatic tool is applied afterward to a sample of 12 B-type supergiant stars in NGC55, deriving the stellar parameters and abundances. The results indicate that our stars are part of a young population evolving towards a red supergiant phase. The derived chemical composition hints to an average metallicity similar to the one of the Large Magellanic Cloud, with no indication of a spatial trend across the galaxy.Comment: 19 pages, 12 figures and 9 tables. Accpeted for publication in A&

Transcriptomic profile of the predatory mite Amblyseius swirskii (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on different host plants

Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot (Acari: Phytoseiidae) is a predatory mite, effective at controlling whiteflies and thrips in protected crops. However, on tomato its efficacy as a biocontrol agent is hindered, most probably by the plant trichomes and their exudates. Our aim was to characterize the response of A. swirskii to the tomato trichome exudates and identify three major detoxification gene sets in this species: cytochromes P450 (CYPs), glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) and carboxyl/cholinesterases (CCEs). Mites were exposed separately to tomato and pepper, a favourable host plant for A. swirskii, after which their transcriptional responses were analysed and compared. The de novo transcriptome assembly resulted in 71,336 unigenes with 66.1% of them annotated. Thirty-nine A. swirskii genes were differentially expressed after transfer on tomato leaves when compared to pepper leaves; some of the expressed genes were associated with the metabolism of tomato exudates. Our results illustrate that the detoxification gene sets CYPs, GSTs and CCEs are abundant in A. swirskii, but do not play a significant role when in contact with the tomato exudates

Understanding the Predictors of Economic Politics on Elite Sport: A Case Study from Spain

Sport federations (NSFs) are the main promoters of sport at a national level. Their complex management involves coordinating relations with private entities, public administrations, and international organisations. Therefore, the economic situation of a country and its sport support policies have significant influences on the achievement of the NSFs’ objectives and, therefore, on their sustainability and influence on an active population. This study analyses the determinants of the financial performance of 59 Spanish sport federations (SSFs), 28 Olympic and 31 non-Olympic, based on the relationship between the funding received and their international results during the period from 2007 to 2019 (both years included). The preliminary data analysis included an examination of the missing data, and a t-test was used to compare Olympic and non-Olympic sport federations regarding different variables related to their resources and results. In addition, multiple linear regressions identified the possible predictors of the financing of sport federations and were separately performed for Olympic and non-Olympic federations. The results showed that SSFs were able to maintain their results in the face of decreasing resources. In addition, Olympic SSFs were found to be less dependent on public funding than non-Olympic SSFs for competitive results. This is evidence of a paradigm shift in the management of Spanish federated sports, evolving towards a model that is less dependent on the state, more efficient, and therefore more sustainable

Injecting domain knowledge in multi-objective optimization problems: A semantic approach

In the field of complex problem optimization with me-taheuristics, semantics has been used for modeling different aspects, such as: problem characterization, parameters, decision-maker's preferences, or algorithms. However, there is a lack of approaches where ontologies are ap-plied in a direct way into the optimization process, with the aim of enhancing it by allowing the systematic incorporation of additional domain knowledge. This is due to the high level of abstraction of ontologies, which makes them difficult to be mapped into the code implementing the problems and/or the specific operators of metaheuristics. In this paper, we present a strategy to inject domain knowledge (by reusing existing ontologies or creating a new one) into a problem implementation that will be optimized using a metaheu-ristic. Thus, this approach based on accepted ontologies enables building and exploiting complex computing systems in optimization problems. We describe a methodology to automatically induce user choices (taken from the ontology) into the problem implementations provided by the jMetal op-timization framework. With the aim of illustrating our proposal, we focus on the urban domain. Concretely, We start from defining an ontology repre-senting the domain semantics for a city (e.g., building, bridges, point of inte-rest, routes, etc.) that allows defining a-priori preferences by a decision ma-ker in a standard, reusable, and formal (logic-based) way. We validate our proposal with several instances of two use cases, consisting in bi-objective formulations of the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) and the Radio Net-work Design problem (RND), both in the context of an urban scenario. The results of the experiments conducted show how the semantic specification of domain constraints are effectively mapped into feasible solutions of the tackled TSP and RND scenarios. TUniversidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech