Temas de derecho económico mexicano

1 archivo PDF (152 páginas)Obra que contribuye a colmar algunas de las lagunas académicas, con respecto al derecho económico mexicano toda vez que a partir de la década de los 80 se aprecia un giro que pone en entredicho las conclusiones, que se habían logrado en años pasados: el intervencionismo estatal, el sector público expansivo y el dinamismo del gasto, así como la regulación de la vida social, han cedido lugar a la reforma del Estado, la reestructuración paraestatal, el saneamiento de las finanzas públicas, el reequilibrio entre el poder estatal y la sociedad, y la implantación de una nueva economía fincada en la eficiencia, la productividad y la iniciativa particular

Evaluation of contaminants in agricultural soils in an irrigation district in Colombia

This study evaluated the concentration and distribution of heavy metals (HM) (Cr, Ni, Pb, Cd, Hg, and Zn) and pesticides (organochlorine and organophosphorus) and the relationship of these pollutants with the physicochemical properties of agricultural soils in an Irrigation District (ID) in Colombia. Soils samples were analyzed for pH, humidity, organic matter, P total, N total, electric conductivity (EC), cation exchange capacity, and texture (% sand, clay and silt). Canonical correlation was used to determined relationship between soil properties and HM. Soil pollution were evaluated with geoaccumulation index (Igeo), contamination factor (CF), degree of contamination (Cdeg) and pollution load index (PLI). The results indicated that, in general, the soils had adequate physicochemical conditions for the establishment and development of crops. The presence of pesticides in the soils was not reported. However, concentrations HM was detected (Zn > Cr > Ni > Pb > Hg > Cd). The soil characteristics (silt, clay, pH and EC) contributed to explain HM concentrations. The Igeo indicated that the soils are heavily contaminated with Hg (3 6). The Cdeg presented moderate to considerable variations (>6Cdeg<24). The PLI indicated that the soils are contaminated (1.308). The presence of HM may be associated with the agricultural and quarries activities carried out near the ID. The impact caused by high concentrations of HM can lead environmental, economic and social impacts in the study zone.Universidad de la Costa, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Universidad de Córdoba, Universidad Autónoma de Occidente

DFT-based layered dielectric model of few-layer MoS2

The authors would like to thank the financial support of projects H2020-MSCA-IF-2019 Ref. 895322 (EU Horizon 2020 programme), TEC2017-89800-R (Spanish State Research Agency, AEI), P18-RT-4826 (Regional Government of Andalusia) and B-TIC-515-UGR18 (University of Granada). Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Granada/ CBUA.We employ atomistic calculations to study charge distribution in few-layer MoS2 structures with an applied perpendicular electric field. The results suggest a simple continuum model consisting of alternating regions which represent the semiconductor layers and the Van der Waals gaps between them. Such model is a first step towards an accurate simulation of MoS2 in TCAD tools.H2020-MSCA-IF-2019 Ref. 895322 (EU Horizon 2020 programme)TEC2017-89800-R (Spanish State Research Agency, AEI)P18-RT-4826 (Regional Government of Andalusia)B-TIC-515-UGR18 (University of Granada)Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Granada/ CBU

3D TCAD Study of the Implications of Channel Width and Interface States on FD-SOI Z2-FETs

3-D numerical technology computer-aided design simulations, based on experimental results, are performed to study the origin of the large Z 2 -FET dynamic random access memory (DRAM) memory cell-to-cell variability on fully depleted silicon-on-insulator (FD-SOI) technology. The body width, cross section shape, and the passivation-induced lateral and top interface state density impacts on the device dynamic memory operation are investigated. The width and body shape arise as marginal metrics not strongly inducing fluctuations in the device triggering conditions. However, the interface state (D it ) control, especially at the top of the ungated section, emerges as the main challenge since traps significantly increase the ON-voltage variability threatening the capacitor-less DRAM operation.H2020 REMINDER European (grant agreement No 687931) and Spanish National TEC2017-89800-R and PCIN-2015-146 projects are acknowledged for financial support

Agricultura y contaminación del agua

El libro trata un tema cuya importancia contrasta con su escaso estudio. Los efectos negativos de las actividades agrícolas en la calidad del agua han recibido mucha atención en otros países y muy poca en el nuestro. En México, 76% del agua se emplea en la agricultura y el conocimiento de su huella contaminante es escaso. Este libro es resultado de una investigación multidisciplinaria que muestra a la agricultura poco amigable con el agua; que los agricultores tienen una percepción sesgada de su actividad y no reconocen sus efectos en el ambiente; que el gobierno interviene con políticas erróneas estimulando el uso de insumos contaminantes, y que un grupo importante de agricultores realiza prácticas agrícolas poco sustentables. Ante tal panorama, el libro aporta información sobre este problema en una importante región agrícola; propone algunas medidas e instrumentos para minimizarlo; cubre un vacío en la investigación y la información y espera que motive estudios similares en otras regiones del país

Towards a DFT-based layered model for TCAD simulations of MoS2

In this work, we employ the results of atomistic DFT calculation to extract useful parameters for the simulation of few-layers MoS2 structures with traditional TCAD tools. In particular, we focus on the charge distribution, which allows us to obtain a layered model for the dielectric constant, and on the effective densities of states in the conduction and valence bands taking into account the full 2D density of states. Using this model, we compute the capacitance of a metal–oxide–semiconductor structure and compare it to the one obtained employing a uniform model with averaged effective parameters.H2020-MSCA-IF-2019 Ref. 895322 (EU Horizon 2020 programme)TEC2017-89800-R (Spanish State Research Agency, AEI)Juan de la Cierva Incorporación Fellowship scheme 307 under grant agreement No. IJC2019-040003-I (MICINN/AEI).P18-RT-4826 (Regional Government of Andalusia)B-TIC-515-UGR18 (University of Granada)CBUA/Universidad de Granad

Technical note: A mobile collaborative workspace to assist forensic experts in disaster victim identification scenarios

Integrated approaches to disaster victim identification (DVI) management have led to a need for technologies to improve interaction among parties involved in post-mortem (PM) and ante-mortem (AM) data collection through better communication and coordination. Mobile Forensic Workspace© (MFW) is a collaborative mobile system that not only facilitates the systematic collection of high-quality data, but also allows DVI professionals to coordinate activities and exchange data through secure real-time communication at major disaster scenarios in accordance with security, privacy and legal protocols. MFW is adaptable to any communication format (text, voice calls, photographs, etc.) and is dynamically self-reconfigurable when connectivity problems arise. It also allows data integration and backup through secure communication channels between local and remote servers. The feasibility of the system has been demonstrated through implementation of MFW on the iOS platform for iPhone, iPod Touch and iPad terminals. A further strength of MFW is that it provides out-of-the-box support for INTERPOL DVI forms. The application of information and communication technologies for DVI was shown to be useful in improving DVI management by enhancing the quality of data collection and enabling non-Internet dependent real-time data sharing and communication

Physicochemical and antimicrobial characterization of beeswax–starch food-grade nanoemulsions incorporating natural antimicrobials

Nanoemulsions are feasible delivery systems of lipophilic compounds, showing potential as edible coatings with enhanced functional properties. The aim of this work was to study the effect of emulsifier type (stearic acid (SA), Tween 80 (T80) or Tween 80/Span 60 (T80/S60)) and emulsification process (homogenization, ultrasound or microfluidization) on nanoemulsion formation based on oxidized corn starch, beeswax (BW) and natural antimicrobials (lauric arginate and natamycin). The response variables were physicochemical properties, rheological behavior, wettability and antimicrobial activity of BW–starch nanoemulsions (BW–SN). The BW–SN emulsified using T80 and microfluidized showed the lowest droplet size (77.6 ± 6.2 nm), a polydispersion index of 0.4 ± 0.0 and whiteness index (WI) of 31.8 ± 0.8. This BW–SN exhibited a more negative ζ-potential: −36 ± 4 mV, and Newtonian flow behavior, indicating great stability. BW–SN antimicrobial activity was not affected by microfluidization nor the presence of T80, showing inhibition of the deteriorative fungi R. stolonifer, C. gloeosporioides and B. cinerea, and the pathogenic bacterium S. Saintpaul. In addition, regardless of emulsifier type and emulsification process, BW–SN applied on the tomato surface exhibited low contact angles (38.5° to 48.6°), resulting in efficient wettability (−7.0 mN/m to −8.9 mN/m). These nanoemulsions may be useful to produce edible coatings to preserve fresh-produce quality and safety.We are grateful to CONACyT for PhD grant to Teresita Arredondo Ochoa, and financial support for project No. 166751. Special thanks are given to Alfonso Pérez for help on DSC analysis and Ma. Lourdes Palma Tirado for technical support on micrographs

Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oil Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit. (Lamiaceae) from the Venezuelan Plains

El aceite esencial (AE) obtenido de las hojas y flores de Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit. recolectado en Guasdualito, Estado Apure, Venezuela, fue obtenido por hidrodestilación empleando una trampa de Clevenger. El aceite se analizó mediante cromatografía de gases acoplada a espectrometría de masas (GC/MS), se identificaron treinta y cinco compuestos en las hojas (91.9% de la muestra) y treinta compuestos en las flores (97.0% de la muestra), con los siguientes compuestos principales: 1,8-cineol (19.1% hojas, 13.3% flores), fenchona (18.5% hojas, 16.1% flores), biciclogermacreno (12.7% hojas, 18.8% flores), D-Germacreno (6.3% hojas, 10.0% flores). La actividad antibacteriana se evaluó por el método de difusión en agar con discos contra Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 23357, Salmonella typhi CDC 57, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. Ambos AE inhibieron el desarrollo de E. coli, K. pneumoniae y S. typhi, con una concentración inhibitoria mínima (CIM) que osciló entre 300 μL/mL y 450 μL/mL. Estos resultados representan un aporte al estudio del AE de H. suaveolens, siendo el primer reporte sobre la actividad antibacteriana del AE de las flores de esta especie.The essential oil (EO) obtained from the leaves and flowers of Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit. collected from Guasdualito, Apure State, Venezuela. Oil was obtained by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger trap. The oil was analyzed by gases chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Thirty-five compounds were identified in the leaves (91.9% of the sample) and thirty compounds in the flowers (97.0% of the sample), the major compounds: 1,8-cineole (19.1% leaves, flowers 13.3%), fenchone (18.5% leaves, flowers 16.1%), bicyclogermacrene (12.7% leaves, flowers 18.8%), D-germacrene (6.3% leaves, flowers 10.0%). The antibacterial activity was evaluated by the agar diffusion method with disks against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, ATCC 23357 Klebsiella pneumoneae, Salmonella typhi CDC 57, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. Both EO inhibited the development of E. coli, K. pneumoneae, and S. typhi, with a minimun inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging between 300 μL/mL and 450 μL/mL. These results represent a contribution to the study of the EO of H. suaveolens, besides it the first report on the antibacterial activity of the EO obtained from flowers of this specie

Malignancy following heart transplantation: differences in incidence and prognosis between sexes – a multicenter cohort study

[Abstract] Male patients are at increased risk for developing malignancy postheart transplantation (HT); however, real incidence and prognosis in both genders remain unknown. The aim of this study was to assess differences in incidence and mortality related to malignancy between genders in a large cohort of HT patients. Incidence and mortality rates were calculated for all tumors, skin cancers (SCs), lymphoma, and nonskin solid cancers (NSSCs) as well as survival since first diagnosis of neoplasia. 5865 patients (81.6% male) were included. Total incidence rates for all tumors, SCs, and NSSCs were lower in females [all tumors: 25.7 vs. 44.8 per 1000 person‐years; rate ratio (RR) 0.68, (0.60–0.78), P < 0.001]. Mortality rates were also lower in females for all tumors [94.0 (77.3–114.3) vs. 129.6 (120.9–138.9) per 1000 person‐years; RR 0.76, (0.62–0.94), P = 0.01] and for NSSCs [125.0 (95.2–164.0) vs 234.7 (214.0–257.5) per 1000 person‐years; RR 0.60 (0.44–0.80), P = 0.001], albeit not for SCs or lymphoma. Female sex was associated with a better survival after diagnosis of malignancy [log‐rank p test = 0.0037; HR 0.74 (0.60–0.91), P = 0.004]. In conclusion, incidence of malignancies post‐HT is higher in males than in females, especially for SCs and NSSCs. Prognosis after cancer diagnosis is also worse in males