4,846 research outputs found
Winnerless competition in coupled Lotka-Volterra maps
Winnerless competition is analyzed in coupled maps with discrete temporal evolution of the Lotka-Volterra type of arbitrary dimension. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the appearance of structurally stable heteroclinic cycles as a function of the model parameters are deduced. It is shown that under such conditions winnerless competition dynamics is fully exhibited. Based on these conditions different cases characterizing low, intermediate, and high dimensions are therefore computationally recreated. An analytical expression for the residence times valid in the N-dimensional case is deduced and successfully compared with the simulations.J.L.C. and E.D.G. acknowledge support from IVIC-141, L.A.G.-D. acknowledges support from IVIC-1089 and P.V. acknowledges support from MINECO TIN2012-30883
Broadband transverse susceptibility in multiferroic Y-type hexaferrite Ba0.5Sr1.5Zn2Fe12O22
ProducciĂłn CientĂficaNoncollinear spin systems with magnetically induced ferroelectricity from changes in spiral magnetic ordering have attracted significant interest in recent research due to their remarkable magnetoelectric effects with promising applications. Single phase multiferroics are of great interest for these new multifunctional devices, being Y-type hexaferrites good candidates, and among them the ZnY compounds due to their ordered magnetic behaviour over room temperature. Polycrystalline Y type hexaferrites with composition Ba0.5Sr1.5Zn2Fe2O22 (BSZFO) were sintered in 1050 °C–1250 °C temperature range. Transverse susceptibility measurements carried out on these BSZFO samples in the temperature range 80–350 K with DC fields up to ± 5000 Oe reveal different behaviour depending on the sintering temperature. Sample sintered at 1250 °C is qualitatively different, suggesting a mixed Y and Z phase like CoY hexaferrites. Sintering at lower temperatures produce single phase Y-type, but the transverse susceptibility behaviour of the sample sintered at 1150 °C is shifted at temperatures 15 K higher. Regarding the DC field sweeps the observed behaviour is a peak that shifts to lower values with increasing temperature, and the samples corresponding to single Y phase exhibit several maxima and minima in the 250 K–330 K range at low DC applied field as a result of the magnetic field induced spin transitions in this compound.Ministerio de Ciencia, InnovaciĂłn y Universidades; Agencia Estatal de InvestigaciĂłn with FEDER (MAT2016-80784-P
Casimir effect in the nonequilibrium steady-state of a quantum spin chain
We present a fully microscopics-based calculation of the Casimir effect in a
nonequilibrium system, namely an energy flux driven quantum XX chain. The force
between the walls (transverse-field impurities) is calculated in a
nonequilibrium steady state which is prepared by letting the system evolve from
an initial state with the two halves of the chain prepared at equilibrium at
different temperatures. The steady state emerging in the large-time limit is
homogeneous but carries an energy flux. The Casimir force in this
nonequilibrium state is calculated analytically in the limit when the
transverse fields are small. We find that the the Casimir force range is
reduced compared to the equilibrium case, and suggest that the reason for this
is the reduction of fluctuations in the flux carrying steady state.Comment: 11 page
A sequence analysis of behaviors in immersive virtual reality for indoor earthquake and post-earthquake evacuation
Behavioral sequence analysis (BSA) gives insights to understand and model individual behaviors. The present study uses BSA for a virtual earthquake. The virtual earthquake drill was facilitated by a head-mounted display (HMD)-based immersive virtual reality (IVR) system. Eighty-three participants experienced a full earthquake and post-earthquake evacuation in a virtual hospital building. Concurrent verbal protocol analysis (VPA) and retrospective video analysis of the footage of participants’ in-IVR behaviors have been conducted to identify the behavioral sequence of participants. As a result, behavioral transition diagrams are generated, showing the progression of behaviors exhibited in the virtual earthquake drill. A variety of behavioral paths for each individual participant is presented using a visual analytics approach. The behavioral transition diagrams and behavioral paths expose the full picture of human behaviors in an earthquake emergency, which are vital to developing behavior-oriented strategies for earthquake emergencies.Publishe
Competition between collapse and breakup in nanometer-sized thin rings using molecular dynamics and continuum modeling
We consider nanometer-sized fluid annuli (rings) deposited on a solid substrate and ask whether these rings break up into droplets due to the instability of Rayleigh-Plateau-type modified by the presence of the substrate, or collapse to a central drop due to the presence of azimuthal curvature. The analysis is carried out by a combination of atomistic molecular dynamics simulations and a continuum model based on a long-wave limit of Navier-Stokes equations. We find consistent results between the two approaches, and demonstrate characteristic dimension regimes which dictate the assembly dynamics.Fil: Nguyen, Trung Dac. Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Estados UnidosFil: Fuentes-Cabrera, Miguel. Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Estados UnidosFil: Fowlkes, Jason D.. Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Estados UnidosFil: Diez, Javier Alberto. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de FĂsica Arroyo Seco; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: González, Alejandro G.. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de FĂsica Arroyo Seco; ArgentinaFil: Kondic, Lou. New Jersey Institute Of Technology; Estados UnidosFil: Rack, Philip D.. Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Estados Unido
Temporal evolution of the Evershed flow in sunspots. II. Physical properties and nature of Evershed clouds
Context: Evershed clouds (ECs) represent the most conspicuous variation of
the Evershed flow in sunspot penumbrae. Aims: We determine the physical
properties of ECs from high spatial and temporal resolution spectropolarimetric
measurements. Methods: The Stokes profiles of four visible and three infrared
spectral lines are subject to inversions based on simple one-component models
as well as more sophisticated realizations of penumbral flux tubes embedded in
a static ambient field (uncombed models). Results: According to the
one-component inversions, the EC phenomenon can be understood as a perturbation
of the magnetic and dynamic configuration of the penumbral filaments along
which these structures move. The uncombed inversions, on the other hand,
suggest that ECs are the result of enhancements in the visibility of penumbral
flux tubes. We conjecture that the enhancements are caused by a perturbation of
the thermodynamic properties of the tubes, rather than by changes in the vector
magnetic field. The feasibility of this mechanism is investigated performing
numerical experiments of thick penumbral tubes in mechanical equilibrium with a
background field. Conclusions: While the one-component inversions confirm many
of the properties indicated by a simple line parameter analysis (Paper I of
this series), we tend to give more credit to the results of the uncombed
inversions because they take into account, at least in an approximate manner,
the fine structure of the penumbra.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&
Update Review and Clinical Presentation in Congenital Insensitivity to Pain and Anhidrosis
Introduction. Congenital insensitivity to pain and anhidrosis (CIPA) or hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type IV is an extremely rare syndrome. Three clinical findings define the syndrome: insensitivity to pain, impossibility to sweat, and mental retardation. This pathology is caused by a genetic mutation in the NTRK1 gene, which encodes a tyrosine receptor (TrkA) for nerve growth factor (NGF). Methods. The consultation of a child female in our center with CIPA and a tibia fracture in pseudoarthrosis encouraged us to carefully review literature and examine the therapeutic possibilities. A thorough review of literature published in Pubmed was done about CIPA and other connected medical issues mentioned in the paper. Conclusions. The therapeutic approach of CIPA remains unclear. The preventive approach remains the only possible treatment of CIPA. We propose two new important concepts in the therapeutic approach for these patients: (1) early surgical treatment for long bone fractures to prevent pseudoarthrosis and to allow early weight bearing, decreasing the risk of further osteopenia, and (2) bisphosphonates to avoid the progression of osteopenia and to reduce the number of consecutive fractures
Representation and estimation of the power coefficient in wind energy conversion systems
This paper aims at summarizing various methods used for representing and estimating the power coefficient in wind turbines, such as exponential, sinusoidal and polynomial models, as well as mathematical tools known as state observers. We present an exhaustive bibliographic review of the models used to calculate the power coefficient, given that this type of studies are scarce nowadays. In addition, we propose models that can be satisfactorily used for various analyzes of wind energy conversion systems, such as the representation by a polynomial function of fourth degree and the models based on the stochastic probability function. The relevance of this work is supported by the advantages and disadvantages of the various models and estimators of the power coefficient, which are presented at the end of the article in a comparative table with the purpose of offering to the reader a general summary. Ultimately, this review aims at helping researchers, students, university professors and those who wish to venture into this field, even though they do not have much experience, to establish a quick synthesized understanding of the different models and representations of the power coefficient
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