Evaluación del Pectimorf y Quitomax en el cultivo de la papaya (Carica papaya, L) cv Maradol roja (Original)

The work was developed in the areas of the parcel belonging to the Productive Educational Department of the University of Granma, with the objective of evaluating the effect of the Pectimorf and QuitoMax on the cultivation of the papaya cv. Red Maradol. For the assembly of the experiment was carried out at random in way in parcels without a previous design, three treatments were evaluated, QuitoMax was applied (T1: 300 mg ha-1) and Pectimorf (T2: 200 mg ha-1)) and a treatment control (T3: humidified the plants with water). The products were applied, to the beginning of the flowering they were marked 10 plants and 10 fruits at random in the crops for the mensurations. The evaluated variables were, Height of the plants (cm). Quantity of flowers, Number of fruits, Wide of the fruits (cm). Long of the fruits (cm),  Weigh of the fruits (g), obtained Yield (t ha-1). The analysis statistical employee was an Analysis of Simple Variance and when significant difference existed a Test of Comparison of Stockings it was used by Duncan for 5% of probability of the error. In the productive indicators when the production was zero a t-student test it was applied to evaluate the treatments where it was applied (QuitoMax and Pectimorf). The obtained results allow us with concluding that when QuitoMax is applied the yield it is increased up to 54,41 t ha-1 followed by the application of Pectimorf 24,71 t ha-1. El trabajo se desarrolló en las áreas de la parcela perteneciente al Departamento Docente Productivo de la Universidad de Granma,   con el objetivo de evaluar el efecto del Pectimorf y QuitoMax sobre el cultivo de la papaya cv. Maradol roja. Para el montaje  del experimento se realizó de manera al azar en parcelas sin un diseño previo, se evaluaron tres tratamientos, se aplicó QuitoMax (T1: 300 mg ha-1) y Pectimorf (T2: 200 mg ha-1)) y un tratamiento control (T3: asperjadas las plantas con agua). Los productos fueron aplicados, al inicio de la floración se marcaron al azar  10 plantas y 10 frutos en las cosechas para las mediciones. Las variables evaluadas fueron, Altura de las plantas (cm).  Cantidad de flores, Número de frutos, Ancho de los frutos (cm). Largo de los frutos (cm), Peso de los frutos (g), Rendimiento obtenido (t ha-1).  El análisis estadístico empleado fue un Análisis de Varianza Simple y cuando existió diferencia significativa se empleó una Prueba de Comparación de Medias por Duncan para el 5 % de probabilidad del error. En los indicadores productivos cuando la producción fue cero se aplicó una prueba de t-student para evaluar los  tratamientos donde se aplicó  (QuitoMax y Pectimorf). Los resultados obtenidos nos permiten con concluir que cuando se aplica QuitoMax se incrementa el rendimiento hasta 54,41 t ha-1 seguido de la aplicación de Pectimorf 24,71 t ha-1

Restructuring of the "Macaronesia" biogeografic unit: a marine multi-taxon biogeographical approach

The Azores, Madeira, Selvagens, Canary Islands and Cabo Verde are commonly united under the term “Macaronesia”. This study investigates the coherency and validity of Macaronesia as a biogeographic unit using six marine groups with very different dispersal abilities: coastal fishes, echinoderms, gastropod molluscs, brachyuran decapod crustaceans, polychaete annelids, and macroalgae. We found no support for the current concept of Macaronesia as a coherent marine biogeographic unit. All marine groups studied suggest the exclusion of Cabo Verde from the remaining Macaronesian archipelagos and thus, Cabo Verde should be given the status of a biogeographic subprovince within the West African Transition province. We propose to redefine the Lusitanian biogeographical province, in which we include four ecoregions: the South European Atlantic Shelf, the Saharan Upwelling, the Azores, and a new ecoregion herein named Webbnesia, which comprises the archipelagos of Madeira, Selvagens and the Canary Islandsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Evaluación del efecto del Pectimorf en el establecimiento in vitro de yemas axilares de boniato clon CEMSA 78-354

With the purpose of studying the effect of different Pectimorf dose in the establishment and budding of axillary buds of sweet potato starting from buds, tuberous roots belonging to the clone CEMSA 78-354 were collected and placed in flasks with water in the laboratory under semicontrolled conditions to induce the sprouting of the buds. Later on, axillary buds of the buds of the tubers (establishment) and axillary buds coming from in vitro plants (multiplication)were selected as sowing material (explants), which were sowed in the Murashige and Skoog culture medium containing the MS salts, thiamin (1 mg.l-1), myoinositol (100 mg.l-1), sucrose (3%), gelryte (2 g.l-1), giberelic acid (10.0 mg.l-1) and indol-3-acetic acid (0.05 mg.l-1) and the already mentioned culture medium without the previously refered regulators of the growth with different Pectimorf concentration: 5.0, 10.0 and 15.0 mg.l-1. The morphological behavior of the in vitro plantas was evaluated to the five, fifteen and thirty days after established the buds under in vitro conditions , and different variables related with the in vitro growth of the buds were analyzed, among which we have: number of sprouted buds, height of the in vitro plants (cm), number, longitude and width of the leaves, buds with roots, longitude of the roots (cm) and longitude of the petiole (cm). The best results were obtained when using the axillary buds coming from budding of tuberous roots in comparison with the axillary buds of the in vitro plants and with the use of the culture medium containing 10.0 mg.l-1 of Pectimorf.Key works: Ipomoea batatas, micropropagation, oligogalacturonidesCon la finalidad de estudiar el efecto de diferentes concentraciones de Pectimorf en el establecimiento in vitro de yemas axilares de boniato, fueron recolectadas raíces tuberosas pertenecientes al clon CEMSA 78-354 y se colocaron en frascos con agua en el laboratorio en condiciones semicontroladas para inducir la brotación de las yemas. Posteriormente, se seleccionaron como explantes para la siembra las yemas axilares de los brotes de los tubérculos (establecimiento) y yemas axilares procedentes de plantas in vitro (multiplicación), las cuales fueron sembradas en el medio de cultivo propuesto por Murashige y Skoog que contenía las sales MS, tiamina (1 mg.l-1), mioinositol (100 mg.l-1), sacarosa (3%), gelrite (2 g.l-1), ácido gibérelico (10.0 mg.l-1) y ácido indol-3-acético (0.05 mg.l-1) y este mismo medio de cultivo sin los reguladores del crecimiento antes mencionados, con diferentes concentraciones de Pectimorf: 5.0, 10.0 y 15.0 mg.l-1. Se evaluó el comportamiento morfológico de las plantas in vitro a los cinco, quince y treinta días después de establecidas las yemas en condiciones in vitro y se analizaron diferentes variables relacionadas con el crecimiento in vitro de las yemas: número de yemas brotadas, altura de las plantas in vitro (cm), número, longitud y ancho del limbo foliar (cm), número de yemas con raíces, longitud de las raíces (cm) y longitud de los peciolos (cm). Se obtuvieron los mejores resultados al emplear las yemas axilares procedentes de los brotes de raíces tuberosas en comparación con las yemas axilares de las plantas in vitro y con el empleo del medio de cultivo que contenía 10.0 mg.l-1 de Pectimorf.Palabras clave: Ipomoea batatas, micropropagación, oligogalacturónido

Claiming Equality: Puerto Rican Farmworkers in Western New York

n July of 1966, a group of Puerto Rican migrant workers protested against police brutality and discrimination in North Collins, a small farm community of western NewYork. Puerto Rican farmworkers made up a substantial part of the population, and had transformed the ethnic, racial, and gender landscape of the town. Local officials and residents produced and reproduced images of Puerto Ricans as inferior subjects within US racial and ethnic hierarchies. Those negative images of Puerto Ricans shaped the way in which local authorities elaborated policies of social control against these farmworkers in North Collins. At the same time, Puerto Rican farmworkers challenged those existing images and power relations that attempted to stigmatize them as inferior. They affirmed their presence in western New York and, in effect, stood up for their rights as citizens, as Puerto Ricans, and as Latinos

Severe Pneumonia Associated with Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Outbreak, San Luis Potosí, Mexico

Severe pneumonia developed in young adults who had no identifiable risk factors

Valoración de las metodologías y herramientas docentes por el alumnado. Impulso del mentoring para profesores en la enseñanza online y presencial

Depto. de Derecho CivilFac. de DerechoFALSEsubmitte

Hepatic levels of S-adenosylmethionine regulate the adaptive response to fasting

26 p.-6 fig.-1 tab.-1 graph. abst.There has been an intense focus to uncover the molecular mechanisms by which fasting triggers the adaptive cellular responses in the major organs of the body. Here, we show that in mice, hepatic S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe)—the principal methyl donor—acts as a metabolic sensor of nutrition to fine-tune the catabolic-fasting response by modulating phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PEMT) activity, endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria contacts, β-oxidation, and ATP production in the liver, together with FGF21-mediated lipolysis and thermogenesis in adipose tissues. Notably, we show that glucagon induces the expression of the hepatic SAMe-synthesizing enzyme methionine adenosyltransferase α1 (MAT1A), which translocates to mitochondria-associated membranes. This leads to the production of this metabolite at these sites, which acts as a brake to prevent excessive β-oxidation and mitochondrial ATP synthesis and thereby endoplasmic reticulum stress and liver injury. This work provides important insights into the previously undescribed function of SAMe as a new arm of the metabolic adaptation to fasting.M.V.-R. is supported by Proyecto PID2020-119486RB-100 (funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033), Gilead Sciences International Research Scholars Program in Liver Disease, Acción Estratégica Ciberehd Emergentes 2018 (ISCIII), Fundación BBVA, HORIZON-TMA-MSCA-Doctoral Networks 2021 (101073094), and Redes de Investigación 2022 (RED2022-134485-T). M.L.M.-C. is supported by La CAIXA Foundation (LCF/PR/HP17/52190004), Proyecto PID2020-117116RB-I00 (funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033), Ayudas Fundación BBVA a equipos de investigación científica (Umbrella 2018), and AECC Scientific Foundation (Rare Cancers 2017). A.W. is supported by RTI2018-097503-B-I00 and PID2021-127169OB-I00, (funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033) and by “ERDF A way of making Europe,” Xunta de Galicia (Ayudas PRO-ERC), Fundación Mutua Madrileña, and European Community’s H2020 Framework Programme (ERC Consolidator grant no. 865157 and MSCA Doctoral Networks 2021 no. 101073094). C.M. is supported by CIBERNED. P.A. is supported by Ayudas para apoyar grupos de investigación del sistema Universitario Vasco (IT1476-22), PID2021-124425OB-I00 (funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and “ERDF A way of making Europe,” MCI/UE/ISCiii [PMP21/00080], and UPV/EHU [COLAB20/01]). M.F. and M.G.B. are supported by PID2019-105739GB-I00 and PID2020-115472GB-I00, respectively (funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033). M.G.B. is supported by Xunta de Galicia (ED431C 2019/013). C.A., T.L.-D., and J.B.-V. are recipients of pre-doctoral fellowships from Xunta de Galicia (ED481A-2020/046, ED481A-2018/042, and ED481A 2021/244, respectively). T.C.D. is supported by Fundación Científica AECC. A.T.-R. is a recipient of a pre-doctoral fellowship from Fundación Científica AECC. S.V.A. and C.R. are recipients of Margarita Salas postdoc grants under the “Plan de Recuperación Transformación” program funded by the Spanish Ministry of Universities with European Union’s NextGeneration EU funds (2021/PER/00020 and MU-21-UP2021-03071902373A, respectively). T.C.D., A.S.-R., and M.T.-C. are recipients of Ayuda RYC2020-029316-I, PRE2019/088960, and BES-2016/078493, respectively, supported by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by El FSE invierte en tu futuro. S.L.-O. is a recipient of a pre-doctoral fellowship from the Departamento de Educación del Gobierno Vasco (PRE_2018_1_0372). P.A.-G. is recipient of a FPU pre-doctoral fellowship from the Ministry of Education (FPU19/02704). CIC bioGUNE is supported by Ayuda CEX2021-001136-S financiada por MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. A.B.-C. was funded by predoctoral contract PFIS (FI19/00240) from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) co-funded by Fondo Social Europeo (FSE), and A.D.-L. was funded by contract Juan Rodés (JR17/00016) from ISCIII. A.B.-C. is a Miguel Servet researcher (CPII22/00008) from ISCIII.Peer reviewe