Development of Cottage Cheese Technology Using Whey Broth of Linder Flowers

The article presents research results of determining the rational amount of whey broth of linden flowers that favored the increase of the goat cottage cheese quality after adding to cheese seeds.It was established, that under the influence of the rational amount of 10-20 % of broth, introduced to cheese seeds of development batches (D 1, D 2) of the products at its setting (instead of the same amount of eliminated cheese whey), there took place the increase of the protein content by 0,3, 0,5 % and moisture by 0,6, 1,7 %, comparing with the control.The use of the rational amount of broth in development batches favored the increase of the product output of 100 kg of skimmed milk by 0,6, 0,8 %, respectively, comparing with the control.Whey broth of linden flowers also stimulated the development of the healthy microflora, which amount in development batches of the product (D1- D2) was higher in 2,5 and 2,8 times, comparing with an analogous result in the control.It maximally bring commodity parameters of development batches of cottage cheese to requirements of the product, manufactured of cow milk, and increases the number of consumers of goat milk products

USE OF SEDIMENT QUALITY GUIDELINES FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF CONTAMINATED SEDIMENTS OF UKRAINIAN ESTUARIES

The article describes that many countries throughout the world share similar concerns about sediment management. Scientists in several countries have developed a variety of methods for evaluating the de-gree to which sediment-associated chemicals might adversely affect aquatic organisms. The results of ex-periment where consensus approach was used for sediments assessment of Dnieper and Buh estuary and Danube estuary in Ukraine are presented in article

Long-term stability in the vocal duets of the endangered Siberian Crane Leucogeranus leucogeranus

Vocal-based monitoring is increasingly being used as a non-invasive method for identifying individuals within avian populations and is promising for the Siberian Crane, Leucogeranus leucogeranus. This is a poorly studied, long-lived, secretive and critically endangered bird species that breeds in the Arctic tundra of western and eastern regions of Siberia. We assessed between- and within-year stability of individual-specific vocal features in duets of Siberian Crane and tested the effect of pair-mate change on their stability. Previous findings showed that duets are specific to different pairs of birds; however, it is still unknown how long pair-specific traits of duets remain and if they change in the course of a year or when birds re-mate. We recorded duets of 15 reproductively active pairs in the Oka Crane Breeding Centre in 2003–2006 and 2013–2017. We found that pair-specific vocal signatures remained stable both within the year and across ~ 10 years. After a change of mate, most of the variables we measured in the call did not change in any of the birds. Our data suggest that the stability of the individually specific vocal features may enable Siberian Cranes to be reliably identified by their duets over the birds’ lifetime. We believe that our work can increase confidence in the use of acoustic recognition techniques for endangered crane monitoring programs. Our results also suggest that Siberian Cranes may use their duets to form long-term social bonds between neighbours

Voice breaking and its relation to body mass and testosterone level in the Siberian Crane (Leucogeranus leucogeranus)

Vocal development of cranes (Gruidae) has attracted scientifc interest due to its special stage, voice breaking. During voice breaking, chicks of diferent crane species produce calls with two fundamental frequencies that correspond to those in adult low-frequency and juvenile high-frequency vocalizations. However, triggers that afect voice breaking in cranes are mainly unknown. Here we studied the voice breaking in the Siberian Crane (Leucogeranus leucogeranus) and test its relation to the body mass and testosterone level. We analyzed 5846 calls, 39 body mass measurements and 60 blood samples from 11 Siberian Crane chicks in 8 ages from 2.5 to 18 months of life together with 90 body mass measurements and 61 blood samples from 24 Siberian Crane adults. The individual duration of voice breaking and dates of its onset, culmination and completion depended neither on the body mass nor on the testosterone level at various ages. But we found correlation between the testosterone level and mean deltas of percentages of the high and low frequency components in Siberian Crane calls between the closest recording sessions. We also observed some coincidence in time between the mean dates of voice breaking onset and the termination of body mass gain (at 7.5 months of age), and between the mean dates of voice breaking completion and the start of a new breeding season. Similar relations have been shown previously for some other crane species. We also showed for the frst time that the mean dates of voice breaking culmination correlated with the signifcant increase of the testosterone level (at 10.5 months of age). So, we suggest that voice breaking in cranes may be triggered by the end of chicks’ body growth, is stimulated by the increase of testosterone level and ends soon after adult cranes stop taking care of their chicks

Synthesis of di(Imdazolium) and di(Pyrazolium) Salts as Precursors for N-heterocyclic Dicarbene Complexes

Alpha,omega-bis(pyrazol-1-yl)alkanes and alpha,omega-bis(imidazol-1-yl)alkanes with spacers consisting of four to ten methylene groups have been prepared from pyrazole, 3,5-dimethylpyrazole or imidazole and corresponding dibromoalkanes in a superbasic medium KOH-DMSO. The proposed method of synthesis allowed the preparation of new flexible bidentate ligands without the need to use toxic solvents and tedious workup procedures. Bis(pyrazol-1-yl)alkanes were further functionalized for their use as precursors for “non-classical” mesoionic N-heterocyclic carbene ligands. One the first step, iodine atoms were introduced to positions 4 of pyrazole rings by oxidative iodination using I[2]-HIO[3] system. On the next step, nitrogen atoms in positions 2 of pyrazole rings were alkylated using several agents. Reaction with methyliodide unexpectedly led to the formation of only mono-alkylated products even after 7 days of refluxing in a neat alkyliodide. Methylation by trimethyloxonium tetrafluoroborate or methyltriflate led to dimethylated products in high yields. Bis(imidazol-1-yl)alkanes were easily alkylated by methyliodide to give di(imidazolium) salts – precursors to “classic” N-heterocyclic dicarbenes

Metaphor in Shakespeare’s texts (Метафора в текстах В. Шекспіра)

Твори В.Шекспіра багаті на вживання метафор, завдяки яким презентуються герої його п’єс. Стаття присвячена опису використання метафор в текстах Шекспіра: когнитівна метафора, генералізуюча метафора, номінативна метафора, образна метафора. На прикладах з творів автори статті демонструють вживання Шекспіром різних видів метафор, роль метафори, як можливість розширювати концептуальне поле художнього тексту, деполем значень є символ, а метафора виступає активним «механізмом» екзистенції поетики. (Shakespeare’s texts are rich with metaphors presenting the heroes his plays. This paper looks at the using of linguistic metaphors in Shakespeare’s texts: cognitive metaphor, conceptual metaphor, root metaphor, visual metaphor. The authors show some metaphor types and give some examples from Shakespeare’s plays. The role of metaphors is considered, as possibility of expansion of the conceptual field of the artistic text, where the symbol is a field of meaning. A metaphor is the active mechanism of existence poetics.

Future English Language Teachers' Life Skills Development in Methodology Course

The article is devoted to the issues of future English language teachers' life skills development. The authors prove the topicality of life skills development and their role in the professional competence of a teacher. It is stated that there are no researches on the whole complex of life skills in the methodological bank of a teacher. The skills under consideration are as follows: intercultural awareness, communicative skills, teamwork skills, time management skills, critical thinking skills, ability to solve problems, information literacy skills, creativity. In the article the experimental course of English Language Teaching Methodology is presented as the one which is crucial in future teachers' professional education. The sessions within the experimental curriculum help students to develop their life skills. The results of methodological experiment presented in the article emphasise its connection with contemporary requirements to the teacher professional competence in general and according to the Concept of New Ukrainian School in particular

Future English Language Teachers' Life Skills Development in Methodology Course

The article is devoted to the issues of future English language teachers’ life skills development. The authors prove the topicality of life skills development and their role in the professional competence of a teacher. It is stated that there are no researches on the whole complex of life skills in the methodological bank of a teacher. The skills under consideration are as follows: intercultural awareness, communicative skills, teamwork skills, time management skills, critical thinking skills, ability to solve problems, information literacy skills, creativity. In the article the experimental course of English Language Teaching Methodology is presented as the one which is crucial in future teachers’ professional education. The sessions within the experimental curriculum help students to develop their life skills. The results of methodological experiment presented in the article emphasise its connection with contemporary requirements to the teacher professional competence in general and according to the Concept of New Ukrainian School in particular. Key words: life skills, “Methodology of English Language Teaching”, "New Generation School Teacher", professional education, future teacher of English language

Future English language teachers’ life skills development in the Methodology course

The article is devoted to the issues of future English language teachers' life skills development. The authors prove the topicality of life skills development and their role in the professional competence of a teacher. It is stated that there are no researches on the whole complex of life skills in the methodological bank of a teacher. The skills under consideration are as follows: intercultural awareness, communicative skills, teamwork skills, time management skills, critical thinking skills, ability to solve problems, information literacy skills, creativity. In the article the experimental course of English Language Teaching Methodology is presented as the one which is crucial in future teachers' professional education. The sessions within the experimental curriculum help students to develop their life skills. The results of methodological experiment presented in the article emphasise its connection with contemporary requirements to the teacher professional competence in general and according to the Concept of New Ukrainian School in particular