The Evaluation of Vitamin D Deficiency in Patients with Nasal Polyposis

Background: Despite performing surgical treatment, chronic rhinosinusitis coexisting with polyposis has recurrent episodes. Considering the strong association between nasal polyposis and asthma, the role of Vitamin D deficiency has been demonstrated in most of the asthma attacks. Purpose :To investigate the serum level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D in chronic rhino sinusitis among the patients with and without nasal polyposis. Methods :In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated the vitamin D deficiency in 38 patients with nasal polyposis and 38 control patients, using immunoassay examination.  Data of the two groups were compared and analyzed via SPSS software version 18. The significant level was considered as less than 0.05. Results: We found severe vitamin D deficiency in 47.4% of the polyposis patients, while this rate decreased to13.3% in the control group (p=0.004). Based on the age group classification, there was no statistically significant difference in terms of the vitamin D deficiency between the polyposis patients and control group (p=0.66).   Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency can be associated with the prevalence of nasal polyposis in the patients affected by chronic rhinosinusitis. Further studies can prove the essential role of vitamin D in pathogenesis of nasal polyposis. &nbsp

キンセイ ニホン ト イラン ･ ガｰジャｰル ノ キンダイカ : シャカイ セイドテキ オヨビ ブンカテキ ゼンテイ ジョウケン

PDF/A formatsAccess: via World Wide Web東京外国語大学大学院総合国際学研究科博士 (学術) 論文 (2015年9月)Author's thesis (Ph.D)--Tokyo University of Foreign Studies, 2015博甲第199号Bibliography: p. 171-185Summary in English and Japanese東京外国語大学 (Tokyo University of Foreign Studies)博士 (学術

The relation of spiritual aspect of nutrition and health

Background: After centuries paying particular attention to physical health, attention has been attracted to other aspects of human health meaning the psychological, social, and especially spiritual aspect in the past decades. Spiritual aspect of health is the coordinator of other dimensions and improves mental function. Spiritual well-being issues such as halal and haram and food purity should also be considered.Method:  This was a cross-sectional study conducted among Shahid Beheshti university staff. Pearson’s correlations were used to calculate variable associations. Linear multiple regression analysis was performed to identify variables contributing to an explanation of different aspects of nutrition and health. Results: 128 personnel participated in this study. Positive correlations were observed between education and total scores of nutrition aspects (r=0.049, p-value<0.05) and attention to physical aspect of nutrition for males (r =0.052, p-value<0.05). Also there is a significant correlation between attention to mental aspect of nutrition and social aspect of nutrition (r=0.740, p-value<0.01). Conclusion: Age, sex and education, are among the factors that may affect the nutritional attitude. Therefore, using different methods to improve the nutritional practice of society considering its dimensions and taking the factors influencing it into account seems to be essential

Comparison of serum zinc in children younger than 5 years old with febrile convulsion, children with seizures without fever and normal children

Background: Febrile seizures are the most common seizure disorder in children and have a good prognosis. Many theories about the role of neurotransmitters and trace elements in serum and cerebrospinal fluid are introduced as the pathogenesis of febrile seizures. Among these elements, the element can be noted. The purpose of this study to comparison of serum zinc in children younger than 5 years old with febrile convulsion, children with seizures without febrile and normal children.Methods: In this study, 180 children were studied in three groups. 60 children with seizures without fever and 60 children with febrile convulsions admitted to hospital and 60 healthy children without a history of seizures. Afzalipour who were referred to health centers in the city of Kerman. Serum zinc levels in all three groups were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry.Results: The mean serum zinc levels in children with febrile seizures in this investigation was 48.4 µg/dl, compared with the other two tense children without fever (64.61 µg/dl) and healthy children (67.33 µg/dl) was significantly lower.Conclusion:Results of this study showed reduced serum zinc levels during febrile seizure. The need for continued research on surface tension in febrile children over several months is recommended.

Coronary Artery Dissection in a Woman With Previous Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Using Oral Contraceptive Pills

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is a rare but devastating cause of the acute coronary syndrome, malignant arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. It mainly affects young, middle-aged and otherwise healthy women. Oral contraceptive pills (OCP) and connective tissue disease are known as predisposing factors for SCAD. Here, we present a 43-year-old woman with a history of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), using OCP came with typical chest pain. With diagnosing inferior ST-elevation myocardial infarction, fibrinolytic therapy was done which aggravated her chest pain. Finally, the diagnosis of SCAD was proven by angiography and stenting was done. On the 6th day of her hospitalization, tachycardia occurred again, and trans-esophageal echocardiography was performed for the patient who showed partially flail anterior mitral leaflet. She was discharged from hospital after mitral valve replacement. This is a great dilemma in the management of a young woman with a history of connective tissue disease or vasculitis, like our patient who wants a contraceptive method

The impact of indoor air temperature on the executive functions of human brain and the physiological responses of body

Background: This study aimed to investigate the effect size (ES) of air temperature on the executive functions of human brain and body physiological responses. Methods: In this empirical study, the participants included 35 male students who were exposed to 4 air temperature conditions of 18°C, 22°C, 26°C and 30°C in 4 separate sessions in an air conditioning chamber. The participants were simultaneously asked to take part in the N-backtest. The accuracy, electrocardiogram (ECG) signals and the respiration rate were recorded to determine the effect of air temperature. Results: Compared to moderate air temperatures (22°C), high (30°C) and low (18°C) air temperatures had a much more profound effect on changes in heart beat rate, the accuracy of brain executive functions and the response time to stimuli. There were statistically significant differences in the accuracy by different workload levels and various air temperature conditions(P0.05). Conclusion: The results confirmed that the unfavorable air temperatures may considerably affect the physiological responses and the cognitive functions among indoor employees.Therefore, providing them with thermal comfort may improve their performance within indoor environments

Global prevalence of nosocomial infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Objectives: Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are significant problems as public health issues which need attention. Such infections are significant problems for society and healthcare organizations. This study aimed to carry out a systematic review and a meta-analysis to analyze the prevalence of HAIs globally.   Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search of electronic databases including EMBASE, Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science between 2000 and June 2021. We found 7031 articles. After removing the duplicates, 5430 studies were screened based on the titles/abstracts. Then, we systematically evaluated the full texts of the 1909 remaining studies and selected 400 records with 29,159,630 participants for meta-analysis. Random-effects model was used for the analysis, and heterogeneity analysis and publication bias test were conducted.   Results: The rate of universal HAIs was 0.14 percent. The rate of HAIs is increasing by 0.06 percent annually. The highest rate of HAIs was in the AFR, while the lowest prevalence were in AMR and WPR. Besides, AFR prevalence in central Africa is higher than in other parts of the world by 0.27 (95% CI, 0.22-0.34). Besides, E. coli infected patients more than other micro-organisms such as Coagulase-negative staphylococci, Staphylococcus spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In hospital wards, Transplant, and Neonatal wards and ICU had the highest rates. The prevalence of HAIs was higher in men than in women.   Conclusion: We identified several essential details about the rate of HAIs in various parts of the world. The HAIs rate and the most common micro-organism were different in various contexts. However, several essential gaps were also identified. The study findings can help hospital managers and health policy makers identify the reason for HAIs and apply effective control programs to implement different plans to reduce the HAIs rate and the financial costs of such infections and save resources

Disposable sensors in diagnostics, food and environmental monitoring

Disposable sensors are low‐cost and easy‐to‐use sensing devices intended for short‐term or rapid single‐point measurements. The growing demand for fast, accessible, and reliable information in a vastly connected world makes disposable sensors increasingly important. The areas of application for such devices are numerous, ranging from pharmaceutical, agricultural, environmental, forensic, and food sciences to wearables and clinical diagnostics, especially in resource‐limited settings. The capabilities of disposable sensors can extend beyond measuring traditional physical quantities (for example, temperature or pressure); they can provide critical chemical and biological information (chemo‐ and biosensors) that can be digitized and made available to users and centralized/decentralized facilities for data storage, remotely. These features could pave the way for new classes of low‐cost systems for health, food, and environmental monitoring that can democratize sensing across the globe. Here, a brief insight into the materials and basics of sensors (methods of transduction, molecular recognition, and amplification) is provided followed by a comprehensive and critical overview of the disposable sensors currently used for medical diagnostics, food, and environmental analysis. Finally, views on how the field of disposable sensing devices will continue its evolution are discussed, including the future trends, challenges, and opportunities

Japan\'s Development; The Socio-Historical Emergence of the Concept of \"Duty\" in Edo Era

There is a close link between \"time\" and \"changes\". Thus, two simultaneous events may undergo different processes due to different historical and cultural circumstances. The development process in Japan and Iran is one example. The two countries\' confrontation with the west in 19th century is generally considered to be the beginning of their development and modernization. But Japan actually entered this phase after a relatively short period of a decade from the time it accepted the Tariff Trade conditions in 1858, the presence of the U.S. navy and until the establishment of a modern state following the return of Meiji (1868). A survey of the chronicles and other literature that illustrate the conditions of Qajar era sheds light over the social behavior of the time and the absence of the vital elements necessary for development, thought this kind of behavior may be rooted in more distant past. It could be concluded that despite the start of transition from a traditional society to the modern time as a result of confrontation with the west, success in treading this path was mostly due to the existing circumstances that had paved the way for this strenuous goal. The institutionalization of such traits as accountability for the assumed duties and the assigned social roles in a country like Japan, facilitated the move forward in the path of modernization