Existence results for a nonlinear elliptic transmission problem of p(x)p(x)-Kirchhoff type

In this article, we establish the existence of weak solutions for a nonlinear transmission problem involving nonlocal coefficients of $p(x)$-Kirchhoff type in two different domains, which are connected by a nonlinear transmission condition at their interface. We get our results by means of the monotone operator theory and the $(S_{+})$ mapping theory; the weak formulation takes place in suitable variable exponent Sobolev spaces

A TRANSMISSION PROBLEM WITH NONLINEAR DAMPING AND SOURCE TERMS

In this article we study the wave propagation over materials consisting of two components: one component is simple elastic while the other has  a nonlinear internal dampingwith elastic coefficients dependent on time; both components having source terms. Byusing the potential well method we obtain the global existence, we also show that theenergy of the system decays uniformly to zero

ON GLOBAL EXISTENCE FOR THE QUASILINEAR WAVE EQUATION WITH BOUNDARY DISSIPATION AND SOURCE TERMS

In this work we are concerned with the existence of strong solutions and exponential decay of the total energy for the initial boundary value problem associated with the quasilinear wave equation with nonlinear source and boundary damping term. The results are proved by means of the potential well method, the multiplier technique and suitable unique continuation theorem for the wave equation with the variable coefficient

Fertilización edáfica con tres niveles de silicato de calcio y tres de nitrógeno en el cultivo de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) en la zona de Quinsaloma

The cultivation of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) is projected as one of the most important agricultural alternatives in the country, thanks to the fact that we have the most favorable environmental conditions for the optimal development of the crop. The research was carried out in the Quinsaloma canton, province of Los Ríos and whose objective was to evaluate the edaphic fertilization of this crop with three levels of calcium silicate and three of nitrogen, through the design of a randomized complete block design under a scheme 3x3 factorial, evaluating three levels of application at a rate of 150, 250 and 350 kg / ha of calcium silicate and three of urea obtaining 9 different doses plus a control treatment. Periodic evaluations were carried out every 15 days during the 120 days of the trial, in which the flowering, fruiting index and the incidence of Cherrelle Will was assessed. A scale was used to account for the quantity of flowers and Cherrelles produced more effectively. The results showed that the combination of 350 kg of silicate plus 250 kg of urea (T8) reached a higher flowering rate, in the same way in the fruiting variable a similar behavior was observed reaching an average of 24.87 ears per tree. An incidence of Cherrelle was also observed after 60 days of evaluation. With this investigation, he demonstrated the positive effect of edaphic fertilization using calcium silicate and a nitrogen source.El cultivo de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) se proyecta como una de las alternativas agrícolas más importantes en el país, gracias a que contamos con las condiciones ambientales más propicias para el óptimo desarrollo del cultivo. La investigación se desarrolló en el cantón Quinsaloma, provincia de Los Ríos y cuyo objetivo fue evaluar la fertilización edáfica de este cultivo con tres niveles de silicato de calcio y tres de nitrógeno, mediante el planteamiento de un diseño de bloques completos al azar bajo un esquema factorial 3x3, evaluándose tres niveles de aplicación a razón de 150, 250 y 350 kg/ha de silicato de calcio y tres de úrea obteniéndose 9 dosis diferentes más un tratamiento testigo. Se realizaron evaluaciones periódicas cada 15 días durante los 120 días que duró el ensayo, en las que se valoró el índice de floración, fructificación y la incidencia de Cherrelle Will. Se empleó una escala para contabilizar la cantidad de flores y Cherrelles producidas de manera más efectiva. Los resultados demostraron que la combinación de 350 kg de silicato más 250 kg de úrea (T8) alcanzó un mayor índice de floración, del mismo modo en la variable de fructificación se observó un comportamiento similar alcanzando una media de 24.87 mazorcas por árbol. Se observó además una incidencia de Cherrelle a partir de los 60 días de evaluación. Con esta investigación de demostró el efecto positivo de la fertilización edáfica empleando silicato de calcio y una fuente de nitrógeno

Facies volcánicas del depósito de avalancha de detritos del volcán Tata Sabaya, Andes Centrales Volcanic facies of the debris avalanche deposit of Tata Sabaya Volcano, Central Andes

Las avalanchas de detritos, asociadas a colapsos parciales de edificios volcánicos, son fenómenos comunes en la evolución de un volcán. Este tipo de flujos son por inestabilidades, que pueden deberse a factores tales como la existencia de zonas afectadas por alteración hidrotermal, cambios climáticos, terremotos, intrusión de magmas en zonas superficiales (criptodomos y/o diques) y/o movimiento de fallas bajo el edificio volcánico o cercanas a él. El producto final de estos flujos -denominado depósito de avalancha de detritos (DAD)- presenta morfologías típicas de cerrillos y drenajes cerrados. En los Andes Centrales se han reconocido, al menos, 14 centros volcánicos con depósitos de avalancha asociados, entre los que está el volcán Tata Sabaya (Bolivia). El colapso que ha dado origen a este depósito podría haberse generado por una combinación de actividad sísmica y magmática en el volcán. El depósito asociado al colapso parcial de este volcán se distribuye sobre la parte baja del flanco sur del volcán y sobre la parte noroccidental de la cuenca del salar de Coipasa. Cubre una superficie de más de 230 km² y tiene un volumen estimado de 6±1 km³. Sobre la base de las composiciones litológicas, se ha establecido que el depósito está constituido por 6 tipos distintos de cerrillos, los cuales son: lávicos, piroclásticos, sedimentarios mixtos, brecha piroclástica y andesítico-basálticos. Considerando el tipo predominante de cerrillos y su distribución espacial dentro del depósito, se ha definido 6 facies diferentes (Facies de Bloques Toreva, Facies de Cerrillos Volcánicos, Facies Central, Facies de Cerrillos Sedimentarios, Facies Mixta y Facies de Cerrillos de Brecha Piroclástica). Tomando en cuenta la distribución espacial de estas facies, se propone la estructura del paleovolcán previa a su colapso parcial.<br>Debris avalanches associated with partial sector collapse of volcanic edifices are common phenomena in the evolution of a volcano. These flows are formed by edifice instability, which could be due to several factors such as the presence of hydrother-mally altered areas, climatic changes, earthquakes, shallow magma intrusions (cryptodomes and/or dykes) and/or fault activity beneath or close to the volcano. The final product of this avalanche flow, known as debris avalanche deposit (DAD) shows typical hummocky and closed drainage morphologies. More than 14 volcanic centers of the Central Andes have volcanic DAD's, being Tata Sabaya (Bolivia) one of them. The collapse that has originated the deposit could have been generated by a combination of magmatic and seismic activity in the volcano. The deposit associated to the partial collapse of Tata Sabaya volcano is distributed on its lower southern flank and partially fills the north-western part of the Salar de Coipasa basin. The deposit covers a minimum area of 230 km² and has an estimated minimum volume of 6±1 km³. The deposit is formed by 6 different types of hummocks, according to their compositions: lavic, pyroclastic, sedimentary, mixed, pyroclastic breccia and basaltic-andesitic hummocks. Based on the predominant hummock type and the spatial distribution, the deposit has been divided into 6 different facies (Toreva Block Facies, Volcanic Hummocks Facies, Central Facies, Sedimentary Hummocks Facies, Mixed Facies and Pyroclastic Breccia Hummocks Facies). Taking into account the facies distribution and their characteristics, we infer the pre-collapse structure of the volcano

Geomorphology, lithofacies, and block characteristics to determine the origin, and mobility, of a debris avalanche deposit at Apacheta-Aguilucho Volcanic Complex (AAVC), northern Chile

Understanding the evolution of a volcanic edifice is important in establishing its associated geological hazards. Apacheta and Aguilucho volcanoes, northern Chile, formed a volcanic complex with known fumaroles and geo-thermal potential. Among the products resulting from the evolution of the Apacheta-Aguilucho Volcanic Complex (AAVC), a new volcanoclastic deposit has been recognized towards the eastern flank of the volcanic complex. This deposit is constituted by fragments of andesitic-to-dacitic lava and hydrothermally altered lava blocks. These fragments, which reach up to 5 m in diameter, form geomorphological structures such as hummocks, levees and ridges. Using these geomorphological characteristics, the distribution of the main lithological fades (or lithofacies), and fragment features (jigsaw cracks and impact marks), we proposed that this deposit was generated by a debris avalanche. This debris avalanche was triggered by partial collapse of an ancestral volcanic edifice occurred between 100 and 7001 a. The collapse of the AAVC ancestral edifice was influenced by hydrothermal alteration and the extensional tectonic setting that characterize the Cerro Pabellon Dome area. The mobility of the avalanche, and the genesis of the main geomorphological features associated with the deposit, are related to fragmentation of material during avalanche genesis and movement

Conductivity Distribution Beneath the San Pedro-Linzor Volcanic Chain, North Chile, Using 3-D Magnetotelluric Modeling

A magnetotelluric study was carried out in the San Pedro-Linzor volcanic chain, North Chile, to identify possible magmatic structures and hydrothermal systems associated with volcanoes of Holocene activity, considering previous petrochemical studies pointing to crystallization depths of approximately 8 km. Three-dimensional resistivity models based on magnetotellurics data of the San Pedro-Linzor volcanic chain were obtained based on broadband data measured in 2017 and 2018, in addition to long-period data measured in 1990s. The three-dimensional modeling shows two low-resistivity zones (less than 10 Ωm) interpreted as partially molten areas below the Chao Dome and the Paniri volcano, and a shallower low resistivity area (less than 5 Ωm) in the Turi Basin, an active hydrothermal system to the southwest of the volcanic chain