39 research outputs found

    Utilisation d'algorithmes d'approximation en Programmation Par Contraintes

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    National audienceDans cet article, nous présenterons les travaux prélimi-naires menés sur l'utilisation d'algorithmes d'approxima-tion en Programmation Par Contraintes afin d'améliorer le calcul de bornes lors de la résolution de problèmes d'optimisation sous contraintes. L'objectif de nos travaux est d'étudier plus particulièrement quels algorithmes d'ap-proximation présentent suffisamment de flexibilité pour être utilisés en Programmation Par Contraintes, et comment les utiliser au sein d'un propagateur qui mettra à jour les bornes de la variable-objectif à chaque noeud de l'espace de recherche. Enfin l'idée sera d'appliquer cette approche à plusieurs familles de problèmes d'optimisation afin d'en extraire une généralisation

    On the use of tasks ordering to solve scheduling problems with constraint programming

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    Au cours des deux dernières décennies, la programmation par contraintes s'est illustrée de par son efficacité à résoudre des problèmes d'ordonnancement. Grâce à la grande expressivité permise par le paradigme, différents algorithmes et techniques de résolution provenant d'autres domaines de l'Optimisation Combinatoire ont pu être intégrés au sein des solveurs de contraintes. Toutefois, cette grande expressivité fait que les solveurs ne sont pas des boîtes noires et demandent une expertise pour être paramétrés correctement pour résoudre efficacement les problèmes souhaités. Dans cette thèse, nous explorons l'introduction et l'utilisation d'algorithmes de liste ordonnée en programmation par contraintes pour résoudre des problèmes d'ordonnancement. Nous revisitons également la contrainte AllDiffPrec, définie comme une contrainte Alldifferent et des précédences entre variables, pour laquelle nous proposons également un nouvel algorithme de filtrage.During the last two decades, Constraint Programming gets very good results to solve scheduling problems. Thanks to the great expressivity of the paradigm, different algorithms and solving techniques from other fields within Combinatorial Optimisation have been integrated into constraint solvers. However this great expressivity comes with a price: constraint solvers are not the black box one might think of and require expertise to be correctly configured to efficiently solve problems. In this thesis, we explore the introduction and the use of list ordering algorithms into Constraint Programming to solve scheduling problems. We also revisit the AllDiffPrec constraint, defined as an Alldifferent constraint with precedence between some variables, for which we propose a new filtering algorithm

    On the use of tasks ordering to solve scheduling problems with constraint programming

    No full text
    During the last two decades, Constraint Programming gets very good results to solve scheduling problems. Thanks to the great expressivity of the paradigm, different algorithms and solving techniques from other fields within Combinatorial Optimisation have been integrated into constraint solvers. However this great expressivity comes with a price: constraint solvers are not the black box one might think of and require expertise to be correctly configured to efficiently solve problems. In this thesis, we explore the introduction and the use of list ordering algorithms into Constraint Programming to solve scheduling problems. We also revisit the AllDiffPrec constraint, defined as an Alldifferent constraint with precedence between some variables, for which we propose a new filtering algorithm.Au cours des deux dernières décennies, la programmation par contraintes s'est illustrée de par son efficacité à résoudre des problèmes d'ordonnancement. Grâce à la grande expressivité permise par le paradigme, différents algorithmes et techniques de résolution provenant d'autres domaines de l'Optimisation Combinatoire ont pu être intégrés au sein des solveurs de contraintes. Toutefois, cette grande expressivité fait que les solveurs ne sont pas des boîtes noires et demandent une expertise pour être paramétrés correctement pour résoudre efficacement les problèmes souhaités. Dans cette thèse, nous explorons l'introduction et l'utilisation d'algorithmes de liste ordonnée en programmation par contraintes pour résoudre des problèmes d'ordonnancement. Nous revisitons également la contrainte AllDiffPrec, définie comme une contrainte Alldifferent et des précédences entre variables, pour laquelle nous proposons également un nouvel algorithme de filtrage

    Chronicles for Representing Hierarchical Planning Problems with Time

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    International audienceIn temporal planning, chronicles can be used to represent the predictive model of durative actions. Unlike the classical state-oriented representation, the usage of chronicles allows a rich temporal qualification of conditions and effects, beyond the mere start and end times of an action. In this paper we propose an extension of the standard chronicle representation to support hierarchical problems. In particular, we show that the addition of temporally qualified subtasks to chronicles makes them suitable to represent not only primitive actions but also HTN methods. We show how the set of solutions to a chronicle-based hierarchical problem can be quite naturally represented as a Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP). To associate semantics to this extended chronicle representation, we propose a set of rules that must hold for any solution to the hierarchical problem, specified as constraints on the associated CSP

    Chronicles for Representing Hierarchical Planning Problems with Time

    No full text
    International audienceIn temporal planning, chronicles can be used to represent the predictive model of durative actions. Unlike the classical state-oriented representation, the usage of chronicles allows a rich temporal qualification of conditions and effects, beyond the mere start and end times of an action. In this paper we propose an extension of the standard chronicle representation to support hierarchical problems. In particular, we show that the addition of temporally qualified subtasks to chronicles makes them suitable to represent not only primitive actions but also HTN methods. We show how the set of solutions to a chronicle-based hierarchical problem can be quite naturally represented as a Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP). To associate semantics to this extended chronicle representation, we propose a set of rules that must hold for any solution to the hierarchical problem, specified as constraints on the associated CSP

    Deriving filtering algorithms from dedicated algorithms: zoom on the Bin Packing problem

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    International audienceSolving NP-complete problems can be tough because of the combinatorics. Constraint Programming and Approximation algorithms can be used to solve these problems. In this paper, we explore how to automatically derive filtering algorithms from a dedicated algorithm solving the Bin Packing problem. To this end, we automatically derive a filtering algorithm from the Best-Fit algorithm. We empirically show that our filtering algorithm BF-Prop is experimentally strictly more efficient in terms of filtering than Shaw’s state-of-the-art global constraint

    Using Approximation within Constraint Programming to Solve the Parallel Machine Scheduling Problem with Additional Unit Resources

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    International audienceIn this paper, we consider the Parallel Machine Scheduling Problem with Additional Unit Resources, which consists in scheduling a set of n jobs on m parallel unrelated machines and subject to exactly one of r unit resources. This problem arises from the download of acquisitions from satellites to ground stations. We first introduce two baseline constraint models for this problem. Then, we build on an approximation algorithm for this problem, and we discuss about the efficiency of designing an improved constraint model based on these approximation results. In particular, we introduce new constraints that restrict search to executions of the approximation algorithm. Finally, we report experimental data demonstrating that this model significantly outperforms the two reference models
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