Cálculo mecánido de conductores y herrajes según el Reglamento sobre condiciones técnica y garantías de seguridad en líneas eléctricas de alta tensión

El resumen de lo que ha supuesto la elaboración del documento se puede expresar en los siguientes puntos: - Se han analizado y estudiado los cálculos teóricos previos relativos al cálculo mecánico de conductores en lo que concierne al cálculo de tensiones mecánicas y flechas. - Se ha estudiado y comprendido la normativa aplicable y el reglamento (RLAT) de 19 de marzo de 2008. - Se ha realizado una herramienta informática a través de un documento Excel con macros de Visual Basic que haga el cálculo mecánico de conductores partiendo de los conocimientos adquiridos previamente. - La elaboración de dicha herramienta informática ha servido para profundizar en conocimientos de Excel en materias como uso de base de datos o automatización de búsquedas, y métodos de programación con Basic que son aplicables a una futura actividad profesional. - Se han realizado ejemplos sobre casos prácticos con esta herramienta informática, cuyos resultados han sido debidamente comprobados con el fin de dar validez a la aplicación. - La herramienta puede ser utilizada bien para fines lectivos bien para fines laborales debido a su consistencia y a la precisión de sus resultados. - La realización del proyecto ha servido para adquirir los conocimientos necesarios sobre cálculo mecánico de conductores y sobre el manejo de software y rutinas de programación, útiles para afrontar futuros proyectos que se puedan presentar en el desempeño de la actividad profesional.Ingeniería Técnica en Mecánic

The "Gillettes" of the Biblioteca Histórica "Marqués de Valdecilla". A case study of the various versions of Gillette de Narbonne at the Vidal Llimona y Boceta collection

La Biblioteca Histórica "Marqués de Valdecilla” cuenta entre sus depósitos el fondo Vidal Llimona y Boceta. Este archivo está formado por partituras manuscritas e impresas, materiales de orquesta, libretos y documentación que pertenecieron a la casa editorial del mismo nombre. Una de las particularidades del fondo, es que la mayor parte de los volúmenes presentan signos de haber sido utilizados en distintas representaciones. Entre sus volúmenes se pueden encontrar tres versiones de la opéra-comique Gillette de Narbonne de Edmond Audran. Esta obra llegó a representarse en Madrid con dos adaptaciones distintas, una española y otra italiana, y más allá de la simple traducción, presentan cambios estructurales, argumentales y por supuesto, musicales. El estudio de estos fondos permite un acercamiento a los distintos procesos de adaptación de la opéra-comique en sus representaciones en España en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX. El objetivo de este artículo es el de contextualizar las representaciones de las distintas versiones de Gillette de Narbonne y un primer análisis de las versiones presentes en la Biblioteca Histórica "Marqués de Valdecilla”.The Biblioteca Histórica "Marqués de Valdecilla" has among its holdings the Vidal Llimona y Boceta collection, which consists of handwritten and printed scores, orchestral materials, scripts and documentation that belonged to the publishing house of the same name. One of its peculiarities is that most of the volumes show signs of having been used in various performances. Among its volumes, three versions of the opéra-comique Gillette de Narbonne by Edmond Audran can be found. This work came to be staged in Madrid with two different adaptations, a Spanish one and an Italian one. Beyond the simple translation, they present structural, argumental and, of course, musical changes. The study of these collections allows an approach to the various processes of adaptation of the opéra-comique in its representations in Spain in the second half of the nineteenth century. The objective of this article is to contextualize the representations of the different versions of Gillette de Narbonne and to make a first analysis of the versions located in the Biblioteca Histórica "Marqués de Valdecilla".Biblioteca Histórica Marqués de ValdecillaUCM. BibliotecaTRUEsubmitte

Plan de negocio para "party breaks" empresa fabricante de productos de ocio

El presente proyecto describe el Plan de Negocio de “Party Breaks”, empresa productora de productos inflables de 'Mylar' (Tereftalato de polietileno), plástico muy usado en envases de bebidas y textiles. El objetivo de la empresa es crear e introducir en el mercado nuevas líneas de productos de ocio, basados en el Mylar. Esto se pretende conseguir mediante el diseño y puesta en marcha de nuevos sistemas y procesos de fabricación de los productos. Finalmente se pretende llegar a ser una empresa líder en el sector de productos inflables de Mylar. Fundamentaremos todos nuestros planteamientos en los principales conceptos teóricos del área de Administración de Empresas que sean aplicables en cada apartado, analizando cada aspecto a desarrollar en base a los mismos y haciendo referencia en el texto a los autores y teorías que hemos tenido en consideración en cada caso. Se ha seguido el índice completo que se recomienda en la asignatura de Administración de Empresas de la Universidad Carlos III de Madrid y recogido en el libro “La creación de empresas un enfoque gerencial” de José María Veciana (véase la bibliografía). La diferenciación que pretende lograr esta empresa no se basa en el material empleado, usado también por la competencia, sino en el proceso de fabricación (único en el mercado) y en especial el procedimiento de sellado de los modelos. Con este sellado se obtienen unos acabados más precisos, lo que permite la fabricación de diseños más complejos y de mayor calidad.Ingeniería Industria

Produtos da excreção-secreção e proteases da fase leveduriforme do Sporothrix schenckii: detecção imunológica e clivagem de IgG humana

Antigenic preparations from Sporothrix schenckii usually involve materials from mixed cultures of yeast and mycelia presenting cross-reactions with other deep mycoses. We have standardized pure yeast phase with high viability of the cells suitable to obtain specific excretion-secretion products without somatic contaminations. These excretion-secretion products were highly immunogenic and did not produce noticeable cross-reactions in either double immunodiffusion or Western blot. The antigenic preparation consists mainly of proteins with molecular weights between 40 and 70 kDa, some of them with proteolytic activity in mild acidic conditions. We also observed cathepsin-like activity at two days of culture and chymotrypsin-like activity at four days of culture consistent with the change in concentration of different secreted proteins. The proteases were able to cleave different subclasses of human IgG suggesting a sequential production of antigens and molecules that could interact and interfere with the immune response of the host.As preparações antigênicas de Sporothrix schenckii provêm geralmente de cultivos mistos de leveduras e micélios e apresentam reações cruzadas com outras micoses profundas. Foi padronizada a obtenção da fase leveduriforme pura, com alto índice de células viáveis, o que permite, por sua vez, obter produtos específicos da excreção-secreção sem contaminantes somáticos. Estes produtos da excreção-secreção são altamente imunogênicos, e não apresentam reações cruzadas visíveis em dupla difusão e sem Western blot. O preparado antigênico consiste principalmente em proteínas com peso molecular entre 40 e 70 kDa, sendo que algumas apresentam atividade proteolítica em meios levemente ácidos. Foi observada atividade do tipo catepsina em produtos da excreção-secreção obtidos a partir de leveduras de dois dias de cultivo, e atividade do tipo quimiotripsina aos quatro dias de cultivo, consistente com a mudança de concentração de proteínas secretadas. As proteases puderam clivar diferentes subclasses de IgG humanas, o que sugere uma produção seqüencial de antígenos e moléculas que podem interagir com a resposta imune do hospedeiro

COLLABORATIVE ONLINE LEARNING: SUCCESS FACTORS FOR ITS EFFECTIVENESS

The application of Online Collaborative Learning (ACL) in the classroom is a necessary challenge within the framework of digital literacy to generate relevant learning for life; therefore, it requires proper management. This work focuses on diagnosing the current state of the ACL and identifying its success factors. The applied methodology was a study with a mixed approach, applying the multiple case study method (design) by questionnaire and semi-structured interview to teachers and university students. The scientific contribution of this research is related to the revelation of new ACL-enhancing processes such as the development of critical-reflective thinking, assertive-empathic communication, self-managed responsible empowerment and the realization of proactive online entrepreneurship projects. It is concluded that the strengthening of the teaching digital competence, as well as the institutional role in the digital aspect, could contribute to enhance these success factors of the ACL and address the aforementioned needs.Revisión por pare

Multicellular Computing Using Conjugation for Wiring

Recent efforts in synthetic biology have focussed on the implementation of logical functions within living cells. One aim is to facilitate both internal ‘‘re-programming’’ and external control of cells, with potential applications in a wide range of domains. However, fundamental limitations on the degree to which single cells may be re-engineered have led to a growth of interest in multicellular systems, in which a ‘‘computation’’ is distributed over a number of different cell types, in a manner analogous to modern computer networks. Within this model, individual cell type perform specific sub-tasks, the results of which are then communicated to other cell types for further processing. The manner in which outputs are communicated is therefore of great significance to the overall success of such a scheme. Previous experiments in distributed cellular computation have used global communication schemes, such as quorum sensing (QS), to implement the ‘‘wiring’’ between cell types. While useful, this method lacks specificity, and limits the amount of information that may be transferred at any one time. We propose an alternative scheme, based on specific cell-cell conjugation. This mechanism allows for the direct transfer of genetic information between bacteria, via circular DNA strands known as plasmids. We design a multicellular population that is able to compute, in a distributed fashion, a Boolean XOR function. Through this, we describe a general scheme for distributed logic that works by mixing different strains in a single population; this constitutes an important advantage of our novel approach. Importantly, the amount of genetic information exchanged through conjugation is significantly higher than the amount possible through QS-based communication. We provide full computational modelling and simulation results, using deterministic, stochastic and spatially-explicit methods. These simulations explore the behaviour of one possible conjugation-wired cellular computing system under different conditions, and provide baseline information for future laboratory implementations.This work was supported by the European Commission FP7 Future and Emerging Technologies Proactive initiative: Bio-chemistry-based Information Technology (CHEM-IT, ICT-2009.8.3), project reference 248919 (BACTOCOM). Work in FdlC lab was supported by Spanish Ministry of Education (BFU2011-26608), and European VII Framework Program grants num 248919/FP7-ICT-2009-4 and 282004/FP7-HEALTH.2001.2.3.1-2. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript

Formulation and Solution of Curved Beams with Elastic Supports

This article presents the general system of differential equations that governs the behaviour of a curved beam, which can be solved by either numerical or analytical methods. The obtained solution represents the matricial expression of transference. The stiffness matrix is derived directly rearranging the transfer matrix. Through twelve equations are shown the elastic conditions of the support in both ends of the curved piece. By joining the twelve equations of the stiffness matrix expression with the twelve equations of support conditions, we determined a unique system of equations associated to the curved beam with elastic supports. Establishing the elastic conditions has always been a problem, since previous traditional models do not look at the whole system, of twenty four equations, with all the unknowns and all the functions. Two examples of pieces with elastic supports are developed to show the applicability of the proposed method