Requirements Engineering for Social Software

Social software bears some special characteristics for requirements engineering (RE) like user-centeredness, self-organization and voluntarism. No concrete formalization of the RE process for social software has been established so far. In this position paper, important aspects of social contexts will be considered in order to define requirements, referring to the previously identified four key requirements principles

CIVIL AGENDA IN RUSSIA AND THE POLITICAL REGIME RESTRICTIONS

The article considers the political «weight» of the civil agenda, i.e. political alternativesto the domestic political course in modernRussia. Based on the expert survey data and secondary information, the author showsthe changes in the current political agenda in 2019.Agenda was framed by the constitutional reform announcing in 2020. It was a responseto the expectations of changes among Russian people. From the other hand that was anattempt by the government to “catch the agenda” blocking the non-systemic opposition. Thatwas plan to demobilize its supporters by involving them in the discussion about constitutionalamendment

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ВЕРБАЛІЗАЦІЇ ФРЕЙМУ FINANCIAL ACTIVITY У СУЧАСНІЙ АНГЛІЙСЬКІЙ МОВІ

The article deals with peculiarities of verbalization of the frame FINANCIAL ACTIVITY as one of the components of the concept EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT in two varieties of modern English: British English and American English. It has been shown that educational management is a young branch of science investigating the peculiarities and principles of running the system of education as a whole and every educational institution is particular. Such notions as the concept and frame have been defined in the article. The concept is considered to be a mental unity that is the minimum component of the conceptual worldview of every civilized society. A frame is considered to be a system of interconnected and interdependent concepts. It has been found out that the frame FINANCIAL ACTIVITY is actualized by an impressive number of lexical units in modern English. Lexical units representing the frame in modern English have been shown. Common and distinctive features of lexical meansverbalizing the frame in British and American varieties of modern English have been shown. It has been concluded that the frame FINANCIAL ACTIVITY is actualized in modern English by a great number of linguistic means. The phenomenon of semantic identity of the lexemes verbalizing the frame FINANCIAL ACTIVITY in the American and British varieties of the English language can be explained by the fact that a HEIis a legal organization where financial affairs is an indispensable part. Besides, it has been identified that all the lexical units verbalizing the frame in British and American varieties of modern English refer to the general vocabulary of the English language, not the special one. The only cognitive feature that added to them is the sphere of education.Рассмотрены особенности вербализации фрейма FINANCIAL ACTIVITY как одной из составляющих концепта EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT в двух вариантах современного английского языка: британском и американском. Показано, что образовательный менеджмент является довольно молодой областью науки, которая исследует особенности и принципы управления как образовательной системой в целом, так и каждым образовательным учреждением в отдельности. Определены понятия концепт и фрейм: концепт рассматривается как минимальная единица, являющаяся минимальным компонентом концептуальной картины мира каждого цивилизованного общества, фрейм – как система взаимосвязанных и взаимозависимых концептов. Выявлены основные лексические средства, с помощью которыхфрейм FINANCIAL ACTIVITY актуализуется в современном английском языке. Представлены языковые средства, представляющие данный фрейм в современном английском языке. Проанализированы общие и отличительные черты в средствах вербализации фрейма FINANCIAL ACTIVITY в британском и американском вариантах современного английского языка, показано, что семантическую идентичность лексических единиц, вербализирующих фрейм FINANCIAL ACTIVITY в современном английском языке, можно объяснить тем, что каждый ВУЗ – легальная организация, неотъемлемой частью существования которой является финансовая деятельность. Кроме того, было установлено, что все лексические единицы, вербализирующие данный фрейм в современном английском языке, принадлежат к общей лексике, а не специальной. Единственной специфической чертой, которой они обладают, является система образования.Розглянуто особливості вербалізації фрейму FINANCIAL ACTIVITY як однієї зі складових концепту EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT у двох варіантах сучасної англійської мови: британському й американському. Показано, що освітній менеджмент є молодою галуззю науки, яка досліджує особливості та принципи управління освітньою системою взагалі та кожним освітнім закладом зокрема. У статті визначено поняття концепт і фрейм. Концепт розглянуто як ментальну одиницю, яка є мінімальним компонентом концептуальної картини світу кожного цивілізованого суспільства. Фрейм розглянуто як систему взаємопов’язаних та взаємозалежних концептів. Виявлено основні лексичні засоби, за допомогою яких фрейм FINANCIAL ACTIVITY актуалізується у сучасній англійській мові. Наведено мовні засоби, якірепрезентують цей фрейм в англійській мові. Семантичну ідентичність лексем, що вербалізують фрейм FINANCIAL ACTIVITY в американському та британському варіантах англійської мови, можна пояснити тим, що кожен ВНЗ є легальною організацією, невід’ємною частиною якої є фінансова діяльність. Крім того, було встановлено, що усі лексичні одиниці, які вербалізують цей фрейм у британському та американському варіантах сучасної англійської мови, належать до загальної лексики, а не спеціальної. Єдиною специфічною когнітивною рисою, яку вони мають, є сфера освіти

Structure and Function of Lysosomal Phospholipase A2 and Lecithin:Cholesterol Acyltransferase.

Lysosomal phospholipase A2 (LPLA2) and lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) belong to a structurally uncharacterized family of lipid metabolizing enzymes responsible for lung surfactant catabolism and reverse cholesterol transport, respectively. Whereas LPLA2 is predicted to underlie the development of drug-induced phospholipidosis, somatic mutations in LCAT cause familial LCAT deficiency (FLD). Herein are described multiple high resolution crystal structures of human LPLA2 and a low resolution structure of LCAT that confirms its close structural relationship to LPLA2. Insertions in the α/β hydrolase core of LPLA2 form domains with unique folds that are responsible for membrane interaction and binding the acyl chains and head groups of phospholipid substrates. The wide opening of the LPLA2 active site faces the membrane for an easy access to glycerophospholipids and lipophilic alcohols, its preferred substrates. Based on these structures, substrate modeling, and the position of disease-causing mutations in LCAT, we propose that orientation of the bound phospholipid in the active site underlies the specificity of LPLA2 for fatty acids in the sn-2 vs. sn-1 position, and that preference for length of the acyl chains is dictated by two hydrophobic grooves leading away from the catalytic triad of the enzyme. We proposed a 2-step mechanism for LPLA2 membrane binding, consisting of a transient LPLA2 interaction with the membrane via its surface hydrophobic residues. High-affinity membrane interaction occurs through the bound substrate and the catalytic intermediate. Based on LPLA2 structure we built an LCAT homology model and validated it by solving the 8.7 Å structure of LCAT. Then we used this model to map known genetic LCAT mutations leading to either fish eye disease (FED) or FLD. We determined that most FLD-causing mutations result in either structural defects or catalytic impairments. On the other hand, FED mutations mostly cluster on the surface of the hydrolase domain and might define a surface for LCAT interactions with apolipoprotein A (ApoA)-I, a key component of HDL. The LCAT structure thus paves the way for rational development of new therapeutics to treat FLD, atherosclerosis, and acute coronary syndrome.PHDChemical BiologyUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/110334/1/alisagl_1.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/110334/2/alisagl_2.pd

A new species of the genus Gyrodactylus Nordm. (Monogenea) from flounders of the White Sea

Translated from: 1955 Trudy Zool. Inst. Akad. Nauk. USSR, XVIII: 36-38. Pierre C. Oustinoff, translator; William J. Hargis, Jr., editor

Food balancing assessment : a three-way approach

Purpose: The aim of this article is the improvement of the theoretical bases and the development of a scientifically grounded approach balancing the food supply from the economic and the practical application for a complex social and economic assessment of development of the food sphere as a whole. Design/Methodology/Approach: In the process of research the authors’ approach was used to consider the balance of food supply from the position of three structural and consistently interrelated elements-phenomena, process and state. The authors’ interpretation of each element is given, the method of their evaluation is developed, based on the structural division of indicators into balanced ones, exceeding the level of balance and being below the specified level. These indicators are differentiated into 7 functional groups (from the minimum to the maximum degree of balance). Findings: The result is a comparative assessment of the level of balance of food supply in the UK, France, Czech Republic, Latvia and Russia and the definition on its basis of priority directions of development of agriculture in each of the allocated states. Practical Implications: The results of the work can be used by governing bodies to make specific practical decisions in the food sector, and to adjust the directions of its development. Originality/Value: Materials of the article are original and have not been previously published. The calculations were based on official data from the European Statistical Agency, Eurostat and the Federal State Statistics Service of Russia, which indicates the reliability of the presented scientific materials.peer-reviewe

Regional practices of social support of families with children: organizational aspect

Social support as a system includes both tangible and intangible forms, which are provided to various categories of Moscow families to improve their level and quality of life.Социальная поддержка как система включает материальные и нематериальные формы, которые предоставляются различным категориям московских семей в целях повышения их уровня и качества жизни

Techniques and strategies of developing critical thinking

The article substantiates the necessity to introduce the innovative tech-nique of developing critical thinking skills in a higher educational institution. Different types of classroom interaction that help to optimize learning process, promote students` creativity, initiative and independence are describedВ статье обосновывается необходимость внедрения в образовательный процесс высших учебных заведений инновационной технологии развития навыков критического мышления и рассматриваются приемы и стратегии, способствующие оптимизации учебного процесса, развитию творческих способностей и воспитанию активной, самостоятельной личност