19 research outputs found
Three New Zygnemataceae from Arkansas
Author Institution: University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahom
Vaccinomics and Personalized Vaccinology: Is Science Leading Us Toward a New Path of Directed Vaccine Development and Discovery?
As is apparent in many fields of science and medicine, the new biology, and particularly new high-throughput genetic sequencing and transcriptomic and epigenetic technologies, are radically altering our understanding and views of science. In this article, we make the case that while mostly ignored thus far in the vaccine field, these changes will revolutionize vaccinology from development to manufacture to administration. Such advances will address a current major barrier in vaccinology—that of empiric vaccine discovery and development, and the subsequent low yield of viable vaccine candidates, particularly for hyper-variable viruses. While our laboratory's data and thinking (and hence also for this paper) has been directed toward viruses and viral vaccines, generalization to other pathogens and disease entities (i.e., anti-cancer vaccines) may be appropriate
Trapping \u3ci\u3ePhyllophaga \u3c/i\u3espp. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae) in the United States and Canada using sex attractants.
The sex pheromone of the scarab beetle, Phyllophaga anxia, is a blend of the methyl esters of two amino acids, L-valine and L-isoleucine. A field trapping study was conducted, deploying different blends of the two compounds at 59 locations in the United States and Canada. More than 57,000 males of 61 Phyllophaga species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae) were captured and identified. Three major findings included: (1) widespread use of the two compounds [of the 147 Phyllophaga (sensu stricto) species found in the United States and Canada, males of nearly 40% were captured]; (2) in most species intraspecific male response to the pheromone blends was stable between years and over geography; and (3) an unusual pheromone polymorphism was described from P. anxia. Populations at some locations were captured with L-valine methyl ester alone, whereas populations at other locations were captured with L-isoleucine methyl ester alone. At additional locations, the L-valine methyl ester-responding populations and the L-isoleucine methyl ester-responding populations were both present, producing a bimodal capture curve. In southeastern Massachusetts and in Rhode Island, in the United States, P. anxia males were captured with blends of L-valine methyl ester and L-isoleucine methyl ester
The WiggleZ Dark Energy Survey: High Resolution Kinematics of Luminous Star-Forming Galaxies
We report evidence of ordered orbital motion in luminous star-forming
galaxies at z~1.3. We present integral field spectroscopy (IFS) observations,
performed with the OH Suppressing InfraRed Imaging Spectrograph (OSIRIS)
system, assisted by laser guide star adaptive optics on the Keck telescope, of
13 star-forming galaxies selected from the WiggleZ Dark Energy Survey. Selected
via ultraviolet and [OII] emission, the large volume of the WiggleZ survey
allows the selection of sources which have comparable intrinsic luminosity and
stellar mass to IFS samples at z>2. Multiple 1-2 kpc size sub-components of
emission, or 'clumps', are detected within the Halpha spatial emission which
extends over 6-10 kpc in 4 galaxies, resolved compact emission (r<3 kpc) is
detected in 5 galaxies, and extended regions of Halpha emission are observed in
the remaining 4 galaxies. We discuss these data in the context of different
snapshots in a merger sequence and/or the evolutionary stages of coalescence of
star-forming regions in an unstable disk. We find evidence of ordered orbital
motion in galaxies as expected from disk models and the highest values of
velocity dispersion (\sigma>100 km/s) in the most compact sources. This unique
data set reveals that the most luminous star-forming galaxies at z>1 are
gaseous unstable disks indicating that a different mode of star formation could
be feeding gas to galaxies at z>1, and lending support to theories of cold
dense gas flows from the intergalactic medium.Comment: 25 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA