Editorial

A lo largo de sus 15 años de exitencia, la revista Suma Psicológica se ha posicionado en Colombia y Latinoamérica y se ha convertido en un espacio claro de difusión de la producción científica en estas regiones. Las revistas científicas juegan un papel relevante en la certificación de información científica (a través de la evaluación por pares) y en su difusión no solamente en comunidades locales sino además en comunidades internacionales. Este acceso a otras comunidades científicas a través de lo publicado contribuye al intercambio científico, la discusión y la generación de nuevo conocimiento en la medida en que estimula estudios adicionales y hace posible el compartir experiencias prácticas y políticas.&nbsp

Experiences and Expectations of an African American Male Veteran Student in Higher Education

Since the Post-9/11 GI Bill an increasing number of veterans and military students are seeking to complete degrees online and through enrollment at campuses across the nation (Brown 2011). The increased number of military students in postsecondary education settings presents challenges and opportunities for both the veteran student and institution of higher education. Military students also referred to as veteran students are choosing to pursue postsecondary education for occupational and employment opportunities, personal growth and enrichment, and to use their Post-9/11 GI education benefits. It is expected that military personnel with past military service in Afghanistan and Iraq will become a growing student population enrolled in U.S postsecondary education. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the experiences and expectations of an African American male veteran student at an institution of higher education. This qualitative research study included an in-depth interview with an African American male veteran student. Through interviewing the participant, I listened to the experiences and expectations from an African American male veteran student from Iraq War who attended a state assisted predominantly Caucasian university. The collection and analysis of his stories gave me an understanding of his diverse needs, experiences, and expectations

PENGGUNAAN MEDIA PAPAN BULETIN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPS MATERI PROKLAMASI KEMERDEKAAN KELAS V

Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah rendahnya hasil belajar siswa kelas V pada pelajaran IPS di SDN Sambungrejo Sidoarjo. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan, guru masih kurang memberikan inovasi dalam pembelajaran, guru jarang sekali menggunakan media pembelajaran, siswa banyak belajar dengan membaca dari buku paket saja, dan materi diberikan oleh guru hanya melalui komunikasi satu arah. Dalam penelitian ini, yang menjadi subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas V SDN Sambungrejo Sidoarjo, dengan jumlah keseluruhan 24 siswa, dan berlokasi di Desa Patar Kidul, Kecamatan Sukodono, Kabupaten Sidoarjo. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode observasi dan tes. Data yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini adalah data aktivitas guru, data aktivitas siswa, dan data hasil belajar kognitif siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan keaktifan guru mengalami peningkatan dengan presentase siklus I mencapai 72%, siklus II meningkat 84%, dan pada siklus III meningkat mencapai 90,7%. Keaktifan siswa mengalami peningkatan dengan presentase siklus I mencapai 71%, pada siklus II meningkat 85%, dan pada siklus III meningkat mencapai 94%. Sedangkan data hasil belajar kognitif klasikal selama proses pembelajaran dari temuan awal hanya 58% mengalami peningkatan pada siklus I 75%, dan siklus II meningkat 91%, pada siklus III meningkat mencapai 95,8%.Kata Kunci : Media Papan Buletin, hasil belajar dan IPS. The background of this study was the low of students’ learning outcome specifically for social studies subject of the V grade students of SDN Sambungrejo Sidoarjo. Based on the observation, teacher lacked in creating innovation and rarely used learning media for the teaching and learning process, and the students learned a lot only from reading books, and the subject was given by teachers only with one way communication.The subject of the study was V grade students of SDN Sambungrejo Sidoarjo, consisting of 24 students, and located in South Patar Village, Sukodono, Sidoarjo. The data collection techniques used were observation and test. The data collected in this study were the data of teacher’s activity, the data of students’ activity, and the data of students’ cognitive learning outcome.The result of this study showed that teacher’s participation increased with the percentage of cycle I 72%, cycle II 84%, and cycle III 90,7%. Students’ participation increased with the percentage of cycle I 71%, cycle II 85%, and cycle III 94%, while classical cognitive learning outcome during the learning process which the percentage of the pre-cycle only 58% increased in the cycle I 75%, cycle II 91%, and cycle III 95,8%.Keywords : Bulletin Board Media, learning outcome,and social studie

Comparación in vitro de aciclovir, ganciclovir y cidofovir contra alfa-herpesvirus equino 3 y evaluación de la eficacia de los mismos frente a 6 aislamientos de campo del virus

El alfa-herpesvirus equino 3 (EHV3) es el agente etiológico del exantema coital equino (ECE), enfermedad venérea, altamente contagiosa y caracterizada por la aparición de pápulas, vesículas, pústulas y úlceras en los genitales externos de yeguas y padrillos. Luego de la primo-infección, el EHV3 se mantiene en el animal en un estado de latencia a partir del cual puede reactivar y excretarse, generalmente de manera subclínica. No existen vacunas, por lo que la prevención se basa en la detección de las lesiones clínicas previo al servicio, y la segregación de estos animales. Sin embargo, este abordaje no previene la infección del padrillo por parte de yeguas que excretan el virus de manera subclínica, y por lo tanto existe la necesidad de un tratamiento específico contra el EHV3. En la actualidad, existen varios compuestos antivirales de probada eficacia contra herpesvirus humanos y veterinarios. El objetivo de este trabajo es comparar la eficacia de 3 compuestos antivirales, aciclovir, ganciclovir y cidofovir, contra EHV3 in vitro, y evaluar la eficacia de los mismos contra 6 cepas de campo argentinas de EHV3. Para determinar la eficacia de los compuestos in vitro se evaluaron 3 parámetros: reducción del número de placas de lisis, reducción del tamaño de placas de lisis y reducción de la producción de virus. Adicionalmente, la efectividad de los compuestos en una concentración óptima, previamente determinada en este estudio, fue determinada para 6 cepas de campo argentinas de EHV3. De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos, ganciclovir fue el compuesto más potente en reducir la replicación del EHV3 in vitro, y por lo tanto podría considerarse un potencial candidato para el tratamiento y la prevención del ECE en yeguas y padrillos.Equid alphaherpesvirus 3 (EHV3) is the etiological agent of equine coital exanthema (ECE), which is a venereal, highly contagious disease, characterized by the formation of papules, vesicles, pustules and ulcers on the external genitalia of mares and stallions. EHV3 remains in a latent state after a successful infection and there are latently infected animals in which the virus is reactivated and generally re-excreted subclinically. There are no available vaccines for this condition and prevention is based on the clinical examination of mares prior to mating, which allows to segregate those showing clinical signs. As this approach does not eliminate the risk of contagion in stallions from subclinically infected mares, there is a need for a specific EHV3 treatment. Nowadays, there exist various antiviral compounds of proven effectiveness for other alphaherpesviruses affecting humans and animals. The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy of three antiviral compounds, acyclovir, ganciclovir and cidofovir against EHV3 in vitro, and to assess their efficacy against six EHV3 Argentinian field isolates. To determine the efficacy of these compounds in vitro, three parameters were analyzed: reduction of plaque number, reduction of plaque size and reduction of viral production. Additionally, the effectiveness of the three compounds at an optimum concentration previously determined in this study was investigated for the EHV3 field isolates. Based on our results, ganciclovir was the most potent antiviral compound to reduce EHV3 replication in vitro and may thus be a valuable candidate for treatment and prevention of ECE in mares and stallions.Fil: Vissani, María Aldana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Virología; ArgentinaFil: Zabal, Osvaldo Alfredo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Virología; Argentina. Universidad del Salvador; ArgentinaFil: Tordoya, María S.. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Virología; ArgentinaFil: Parreño, Gladys Viviana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Virología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Thiry, Etienne. Université de Liège; BélgicaFil: Barrandeguy, María. Universidad del Salvador; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires; Argentin

PR Crisis Melalui Media Sosial

The background of this research is communication, new media, PR and PR Crisis. Fourth of this background has a close relationship, starting from communication, human in everyday life would require communication to receive and convey information, human can not be released from human life. The advancement of the times and the development of technology, causing people to communicate easily and the development of this era caused a new challenge for the PR and PR Crisis of a company, they should be able to maintain a positive image of the company in the minds of people. In this study using descriptive qualitative methodology, it contains many writings and drawings compared to the numbers. The purpose of this research is to know the strategy used by Pizza Hut in dealing with the issue of expired food. Penelitin results, social media is very positive impact on Pizza Hut in the recovery of food issues expired. The strategy used by the Pizza Hut Crisis PR is to utilize social media. Visible from the issue of expired food that disappeared in public and Pizza Hut restaurant until now crowded visited.Latar belakang dari penelitian ini yaitu komunikasi, media baru, PR dan PR Krisis. Keempat dari latar belakang ini mempunyai hubungan yang erat, dimulai dari komunikasi, manusia di dalam kehidupan sehari-hari tentunya memerlukan komunikasi untuk menerima dan menyampaikan informasi, manusia tidak bisa dilepaskan dari kehidupan manusia. Majunya perkembangan zaman dan perkembangan teknologi, menyebabkan manusia melakukan komunikasi dengan mudah dan perkembangan zaman ini menyebabkan adanya tantangan baru bagi para PR dan PR Krisis sebuah Perusahaan, mereka harus bisa mempertahankan citra positif Perusahaan di benak masyarakat. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi kualitatif deksriptif, memuat banyak tulisan dan gambar dibandingkan angka-angka. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui strategi yang digunakan oleh Pizza Hut dalam menangani isu makanan kedaluwarsa. Hasil penelitin,media sosial sangat membawa dampak positif bagi Pizza Hut dalam pemulihan isu makanan kedaluwarsa. Strategi yang digunakan oleh PR Krisis Pizza Hut adalah dengan memanfaatkan media sosial. Terrlihat dari isu makanan kedaluwarsa yang menghilang di public dan restoran Pizza Hut sampai saat ini ramai dikunjungi

Incidencias de la primavera árabe en el fin de la “Era verde” en Libia: cuestiones sobre derecho de intervención y deber de injerencia

La primavera árabe comenzó tímidamente a fines del 2010 con la ola de protestas en contra del régimen tunecino de Zine el-Abidine Ben Alí, con más de 20 años en el poder. Sin embargo, tuvo un efecto dominó que impactó de lleno sobre las autocracias de mayor data en el norte africano y Medio Oriente. De este modo, el caso de Túnez se constituyó en el comienzo de una larga serie de sucesos que reconfiguraron la escena política regional árabe y magrebí con desenlaces similares, pese a la especificidad de cada uno de los escenarios. Es interesante remarcar que Túnez paradójicamente había sido sostenido en numerosos ocasiones por los mismos países occidentales que respaldaron el fin de la autocracia libia.Fil: Lechini, Gladys Teresita. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Rabbia, Noemí S.. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencia Política y Relaciones Internacionales; Argentin

First report of walnut canker caused by Fusarium incarnatum in Argentina

The agronomic practices of walnut (Juglans regia) production in Argentina have improved significantly over the last 10 years. New walnut varieties have reduced the average cropping period from 12 to 7 years, in addition to improving the overall economic value of the crop, through greater yield and improved fruit quality. In 1999, disease symptoms were observed on 1-year-old grafted walnuts from the Zavalla locality in Santa Fe province. Primary symptoms were cankers of varying sizes (up to 50 mm) principally on the main stem but also on side branches. On walnut varieties Chandler, Davis and Tulare, cankers were seen in lateral and terminal buds. Fruit symptoms consisted of necrotic brown spots of diameter 20 mm and depth 5 mm. Affected fruit would abscise prematurely. In 2000 and 2001, the same symptoms were detected in a walnut collection of the Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Rosario University.Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

First report of walnut canker caused by Fusarium incarnatum in Argentina

The agronomic practices of walnut (Juglans regia) production in Argentina have improved significantly over the last 10 years. New walnut varieties have reduced the average cropping period from 12 to 7 years, in addition to improving the overall economic value of the crop, through greater yield and improved fruit quality. In 1999, disease symptoms were observed on 1-year-old grafted walnuts from the Zavalla locality in Santa Fe province. Primary symptoms were cankers of varying sizes (up to 50 mm) principally on the main stem but also on side branches. On walnut varieties Chandler, Davis and Tulare, cankers were seen in lateral and terminal buds. Fruit symptoms consisted of necrotic brown spots of diameter 20 mm and depth 5 mm. Affected fruit would abscise prematurely. In 2000 and 2001, the same symptoms were detected in a walnut collection of the Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Rosario University.Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

Cultured Alveolar Epithelial Cells From Septic Rats Mimic In Vivo Septic Lung

Sepsis results in the formation of pulmonary edema by increasing in epithelial permeability. Therefore we hypothesized that alveolar epithelial cells isolated from septic animals develop tight junctions with different protein composition and reduced barrier function relative to alveolar epithelial cells from healthy animals. Male rats (200–300g) were sacrificed 24 hours after cecal ligation and double puncture (2CLP) or sham surgery. Alveolar epithelial cells were isolated and plated on fibronectin-coated flexible membranes or permeable, non-flexible transwell substrates. After a 5 day culture period, cells were either lysed for western analysis of tight junction protein expressin (claudin 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, and 18, occludin, ZO-1, and JAM-A) and MAPk (JNK, ERK, an p38) signaling activation, or barrier function was examined by measuring transepithelial resistance (TER) or the flux of two molecular tracers (5 and 20 Å). Inhibitors of JNK (SP600125, 20 µM) and ERK (U0126, 10 µM) were used to determine the role of these pathways in sepsis induced epithelial barrier dysfunction. Expression of claudin 4, claudin 18, and occludin was significantly lower, and activation of JNK and ERK signaling pathways was significantly increased in 2CLP monolayers, relative to sham monolayers. Transepithelial resistance of the 2CLP monolayers was reduced significantly compared to sham (769 and 1234 ohm-cm2, respectively), however no significant difference in the flux of either tracer was observed. Inhibition of ERK, not JNK, significantly increased TER and expression of claudin 4 in 2CLP monolayers, and prevented significant differences in claudin 18 expression between 2CLP and sham monolayers. We conclude that alveolar epithelial cells isolated from septic animals form confluent monolayers with impaired barrier function compared to healthy monolayers, and inhibition of ERK signaling partially reverses differences between these monolayers. This model provides a unique preparation for probing the mechanisms by which sepsis alters alveolar epithelium