Una finestra su una dimensione "altra": sguardi e riflessi nel Progetto Wuppertal di Lev Kopelev

Lev Kopelev grew up and studied during Stalinism, when a progressive closure towards the West characterized Eastern countries. Nevertheless, thanks to different inputs he received as a young man, he underwent a path of personal growth, which led him to develop a project of dialogue and openness towards the “other”. Surrounded by the cosmopolitan atmosphere of Kiev at the beginning of the XX century, he learned German as child, and kept researching an open dialogue with the German people, which reached his peak in the Eighties, after he was deprived of the Soviet citizenship and became a citizen of the Federal Republic of Germany. Germanist by profession, he dedicated his life to the in depth examination of the links between Russians and Germans towards the centuries, and got to formulate the theory of a spiritual “elective affinity” between the two nations. His research led to a great project: the “Wuppertaler Projekt zur Erforschung der Geschichte Deutsch-Russischer Fremdenbilder”. In this work Kopelev firstly analysed the evolution of the relationship between the two nations from a literary, political, social and cultural point of view, and, secondly, examined the genesis and the development of the prejudices of the Germans towards the Russians and vice versa. The work showed the intrinsic groundlessness of these prejudices and offered the two nations the possibility of observing and understanding a different reality

“Emigrare è come morire”: l’allontanamento forzoso dalla Russia di Raisa Orlova

“Emigrare è come morire”: l’allontanamento forzoso dallaRussia di Raisa Orlova(Lev Kopelev, Raisa Orlova, My žili v Kel’ne, Char’kov, Pravda Ljudini, 2012, 478 pp., ISBN 978-617-587-071-6)(Raisa Orlova, Vospominanija o neprošedšem vremeni, Char'kov, Pravda Ljudini, 2013, 444 pp., ISBN 978-617-587-107-2)di Giulia Peron

La chiesa di San Michelino in Foro a Rimini: storia, analisi e progetto

SummaryThis article tries to reconstruct the history of a building of great historical, architectural and artistic significance, unfortunately unknown to most people: the church of San Michelino in Rimini,  whose origin can be dated to between the fourth and sixth centuries. Today, it is possible to see only a few remaining parts of this ancient church embedded in buildings constructed in later periods.Starting from documentary and bibliographic sources this paper initially traces the history of the building, which was at first of Templar competence and then of the Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, before becoming private property.It also offers a brief study carried out around frescoes depicting a saint accidentally discovered in 1993 in the apse of the church.Through the bibliographic and documentary sources and the reading of the stratigraphy of the walls, the evolutionary history of the church is reconstructed architecturally.Finally, after analyzing the condition of the building, some guidelines are given to assist in developing a project of restoration and enhancement for the church and the frescoes inside.  RiassuntoIl saggio cerca di ricostruire la storia di un edificio di grande rilevanza storica a livello architettonico ed artistico, purtroppo sconosciuto ai più: la chiesa di San Michelino a Rimini. Dell’antica chiesa la cui origine è databile tra il IV e VI secolo oggi è possibile vedere solo alcune porzioni, incastonate in edifici costruiti in epoche successive.Partendo dalle fonti documentarie e bibliografiche si ripercorre inizialmente la storia dell’edificio, che è stata chiesa di competenza templare prima e giovannita poi, per diventare infine di proprietà privata.Si propone quindi un breve studio svolto circa gli affreschi raffiguranti una Santa ritrovati fortuitamente nel 1993 nell’abside della chiesa.Con riferimento alle fonti documentarie e bibliografiche e tramite la lettura della stratigrafia delle murature viene in seguito ricostruita la storia dell’evoluzione del manufatto a livello architettonico.Infine, dopo aver analizzato lo stato di conservazione dell’edificio, si forniscono alcune linee guida di intervento per un progetto di restauro e valorizzazione della chiesa e dell’affresco al suo interno.  RésuméCet essai tente de reconstruire l’histoire d’un bâtiment de grande importance historique au niveau architectural et artistique, inconnu malheureusement de la plupart des gens : il s’agit de l’église de San Michelino à Rimini. De l’ancienne église, dont l’origine est datable entre le IVe et VIe siècle, il ne reste aujourd’hui que quelques portions enchâssées dans des édifices qui ont été construits à des époques postérieures.Prenant comme point de départ les sources documentaires et bibliographiques, l’essai retrace initialement l’histoire du bâtiment, qui a été tout d’abord une église de l’Ordre des Templiers, puis des Johannites, pour devenir enfin une propriété privée.Une courte étude est ensuite proposée sur les fresques, représentant une Sainte, qui ont été retrouvées fortuitement dans l’abside de l’église en 1993.Des références aux sources documentaires et bibliographiques, ainsi que la lecture de la stratigraphie des maçonneries, permettent ensuite de reconstruire l’histoire de l’évolution de l’ouvrage au niveau architectural.Enfin, après avoir analysé l’état de conservation du bâtiment, l’auteur fournit quelques lignes directrices d’intervention en vue d’un projet de restauration et de valorisation de l’église et des fresques qu’elle abrite.  ZusammenfassungDie Abhandlung versucht, die Geschichte eines Gebäudes, das im Hinblick auf Architektur und Kunst von hoher geschichtlicher Bedeutung ist, den meisten Menschen jedoch leider unbekannt ist: die Kirche San Michelino in Rimini. Von dieser antiken Kirche, deren Ursprünge zwischen dem 4. und dem 6. Jahrhundert datiert werden können, sind heute nur noch einige Bruchteile zu sehen, die in Gebäude aus späterer Zeit eingegliedert sind.Anhand der dokumentarischen und bibliographischen Quellen wird eingangs die Geschichte des Gebäudes zurückverfolgt, das zunächst eine Kirche der Tempelherren und später der Johanniter war, um schließlich in Privatbesitz überzugehen.Darauf folgt eine kurze Studie der Fresken, die eine Heilige darstellen und im Jahr 1993 durch Zufall in der Apsis der Kirche wieder aufgefunden wurden.Mit Bezug auf die dokumentarischen und bibliographischen Quellen, sowie anhand der Interpretation des stratigraphischen Aufbaus der Mauern, wird danach die Geschichte der Entwicklung des Gebäudes auf architektonischer Ebene rekonstruiert.Abschließend werden nach Analyse des Erhaltungszustands des Gebäudes einige Leitlinien für ein Projekt zur Restaurierung und Aufwertung der Kirche und des in ihrem Inneren befindlichen Freskos geboten. ResumenEl ensayo intenta reconstruir la historia de un edificio de gran relevancia histórica desde el punto de vista arquitectónico y artístico, lamentablemente desconocido para la mayoría de las personas: la iglesia de San Michelino en Rímini. De la antigua iglesia, cuyo origen puede situarse entre los siglos IV y VI, hoy en día solo es posible apreciar algunas partes que se hayan engastadas en edificios construidos en épocas sucesivas.Inicialmente, a partir de fuentes documentales y bibliográficas se recorre la historia del edificio, el cual ha sido una iglesia de competencia templaria primero y de la Orden de San Juan después, para convertirse, por último, en propiedad privada.Por lo tanto, se propone un breve estudio de los frescos que representan a una Santa que han sido hallados casualmente en 1993 en el ábside de la iglesia.A continuación, haciendo referencia a las fuentes documentales y bibliográficas y a través de la lectura de la estratigrafía muraria, se reconstruye la historia de la evolución de la obra a nivel arquitectónico.Por último, tras haber analizado el estado de conservación del edificio, se facilitan algunas directrices para intervenciones de un proyecto de restauración y valorización de la iglesia y de los frescos que se hayan en su interior. РезюмеСтатья старается воссоздать историю здания большой исторической важности в  художественном и архитектурном плане, к сожалению, неизвестного большинству: церкви св. Микелино в Римини. От древней церкви, датируемой между IV и VI вв., можно увидеть только некоторые части внутри зданий, постороенных в последующие эпохи.Отправляясь от документальных и библиографических источников, в начале рассматривается история здания, которое являлось первоначально церковью компетенции тамплиеров, а позже церковью ордена св. Иоанна, и в конце концов стала частной собственностью.Затем предлагается короткое исследование фресок, изображающих Святую, случайно найденных в 1993 году в апсиде церкви.С учетом документальных и библиографических источников и благодаря статиграфическому чтению кладки впоследствии реконструируется история эволюции здания на архитектурном уровне. В заключение,  проанализировав состояние сохранности здания, предлагаются некоторые рекомендации для проекта реставрации и повышения ценности церкви и ее фрески.  摘要短文试图介绍一座建筑与艺术上具有重要的历史角色的建筑物的故事，遗憾的是大多数人并不认识:里米尼市San Michelino 教堂。古老教堂起源于第IV和第VI世纪之间，目前只可以看到一些部分，它们都融合在后期的建筑中。参考文献资料和书籍可以重温建筑物最初的历史，它先是在神殿宗教秩序下的教堂，之后是圣约翰宗教秩序下的教堂，最后成为了私人所属。之后文章介绍关于一个女圣人壁画的短期研究，该壁画是在1993年的教堂后殿偶然发现的。通过文献资料、书籍和城墙地层学的研究，之后文章描写了教堂的建筑方面发展的历史。最终，经过分析建筑保存的状态后，文章提供了修复和发展教堂和室内壁画的指导方针。 SummaryThis article tries to reconstruct the history of a building of great historical, architectural and artistic significance, unfortunately unknown to most people: the church of San Michelino in Rimini,  whose origin can be dated to between the fourth and sixth centuries. Today, it is possible to see only a few remaining parts of this ancient church embedded in buildings constructed in later periods.Starting from documentary and bibliographic sources this paper initially traces the history of the building, which was at first of Templar competence and then of the Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, before becoming private property.It also offers a brief study carried out around frescoes depicting a saint accidentally discovered in 1993 in the apse of the church.Through the bibliographic and documentary sources and the reading of the stratigraphy of the walls, the evolutionary history of the church is reconstructed architecturally.Finally, after analyzing the condition of the building, some guidelines are given to assist in developing a project of restoration and enhancement for the church and the frescoes inside.  RiassuntoIl saggio cerca di ricostruire la storia di un edificio di grande rilevanza storica a livello architettonico ed artistico, purtroppo sconosciuto ai più: la chiesa di San Michelino a Rimini. Dell’antica chiesa la cui origine è databile tra il IV e VI secolo oggi è possibile vedere solo alcune porzioni, incastonate in edifici costruiti in epoche successive.Partendo dalle fonti documentarie e bibliografiche si ripercorre inizialmente la storia dell’edificio, che è stata chiesa di competenza templare prima e giovannita poi, per diventare infine di proprietà privata.Si propone quindi un breve studio svolto circa gli affreschi raffiguranti una Santa ritrovati fortuitamente nel 1993 nell’abside della chiesa.Con riferimento alle fonti documentarie e bibliografiche e tramite la lettura della stratigrafia delle murature viene in seguito ricostruita la storia dell’evoluzione del manufatto a livello architettonico.Infine, dopo aver analizzato lo stato di conservazione dell’edificio, si forniscono alcune linee guida di intervento per un progetto di restauro e valorizzazione della chiesa e dell’affresco al suo interno.  RésuméCet essai tente de reconstruire l’histoire d’un bâtiment de grande importance historique au niveau architectural et artistique, inconnu malheureusement de la plupart des gens : il s’agit de l’église de San Michelino à Rimini. De l’ancienne église, dont l’origine est datable entre le IVe et VIe siècle, il ne reste aujourd’hui que quelques portions enchâssées dans des édifices qui ont été construits à des époques postérieures.Prenant comme point de départ les sources documentaires et bibliographiques, l’essai retrace initialement l’histoire du bâtiment, qui a été tout d’abord une église de l’Ordre des Templiers, puis des Johannites, pour devenir enfin une propriété privée.Une courte étude est ensuite proposée sur les fresques, représentant une Sainte, qui ont été retrouvées fortuitement dans l’abside de l’église en 1993.Des références aux sources documentaires et bibliographiques, ainsi que la lecture de la stratigraphie des maçonneries, permettent ensuite de reconstruire l’histoire de l’évolution de l’ouvrage au niveau architectural.Enfin, après avoir analysé l’état de conservation du bâtiment, l’auteur fournit quelques lignes directrices d’intervention en vue d’un projet de restauration et de valorisation de l’église et des fresques qu’elle abrite.  ZusammenfassungDie Abhandlung versucht, die Geschichte eines Gebäudes, das im Hinblick auf Architektur und Kunst von hoher geschichtlicher Bedeutung ist, den meisten Menschen jedoch leider unbekannt ist: die Kirche San Michelino in Rimini. Von dieser antiken Kirche, deren Ursprünge zwischen dem 4. und dem 6. Jahrhundert datiert werden können, sind heute nur noch einige Bruchteile zu sehen, die in Gebäude aus späterer Zeit eingegliedert sind.Anhand der dokumentarischen und bibliographischen Quellen wird eingangs die Geschichte des Gebäudes zurückverfolgt, das zunächst eine Kirche der Tempelherren und später der Johanniter war, um schließlich in Privatbesitz überzugehen.Darauf folgt eine kurze Studie der Fresken, die eine Heilige darstellen und im Jahr 1993 durch Zufall in der Apsis der Kirche wieder aufgefunden wurden.Mit Bezug auf die dokumentarischen und bibliographischen Quellen, sowie anhand der Interpretation des stratigraphischen Aufbaus der Mauern, wird danach die Geschichte der Entwicklung des Gebäudes auf architektonischer Ebene rekonstruiert.Abschließend werden nach Analyse des Erhaltungszustands des Gebäudes einige Leitlinien für ein Projekt zur Restaurierung und Aufwertung der Kirche und des in ihrem Inneren befindlichen Freskos geboten. ResumenEl ensayo intenta reconstruir la historia de un edificio de gran relevancia histórica desde el punto de vista arquitectónico y artístico, lamentablemente desconocido para la mayoría de las personas: la iglesia de San Michelino en Rímini. De la antigua iglesia, cuyo origen puede situarse entre los siglos IV y VI, hoy en día solo es posible apreciar algunas partes que se hayan engastadas en edificios construidos en épocas sucesivas.Inicialmente, a partir de fuentes documentales y bibliográficas se recorre la historia del edificio, el cual ha sido una iglesia de competencia templaria primero y de la Orden de San Juan después, para convertirse, por último, en propiedad privada.Por lo tanto, se propone un breve estudio de los frescos que representan a una Santa que han sido hallados casualmente en 1993 en el ábside de la iglesia.A continuación, haciendo referencia a las fuentes documentales y bibliográficas y a través de la lectura de la estratigrafía muraria, se reconstruye la historia de la evolución de la obra a nivel arquitectónico.Por último, tras haber analizado el estado de conservación del edificio, se facilitan algunas directrices para intervenciones de un proyecto de restauración y valorización de la iglesia y de los frescos que se hayan en su interior. РезюмеСтатья старается воссоздать историю здания большой исторической важности в  художественном и архитектурном плане, к сожалению, неизвестного большинству: церкви св. Микелино в Римини. От древней церкви, датируемой между IV и VI вв., можно увидеть только некоторые части внутри зданий, постороенных в последующие эпохи.Отправляясь от документальных и библиографических источников, в начале рассматривается история здания, которое являлось первоначально церковью компетенции тамплиеров, а позже церковью ордена св. Иоанна, и в конце концов стала частной собственностью.Затем предлагается короткое исследование фресок, изображающих Святую, случайно найденных в 1993 году в апсиде церкви.С учетом документальных и библиографических источников и благодаря статиграфическому чтению кладки впоследствии реконструируется история эволюции здания на архитектурном уровне. В заключение,  проанализировав состояние сохранности здания, предлагаются некоторые рекомендации для проекта реставрации и повышения ценности церкви и ее фрески.  摘要短文试图介绍一座建筑与艺术上具有重要的历史角色的建筑物的故事，遗憾的是大多数人并不认识:里米尼市San Michelino 教堂。古老教堂起源于第IV和第VI世纪之间，目前只可以看到一些部分，它们都融合在后期的建筑中。参考文献资料和书籍可以重温建筑物最初的历史，它先是在神殿宗教秩序下的教堂，之后是圣约翰宗教秩序下的教堂，最后成为了私人所属。之后文章介绍关于一个女圣人壁画的短期研究，该壁画是在1993年的教堂后殿偶然发现的。通过文献资料、书籍和城墙地层学的研究，之后文章描写了教堂的建筑方面发展的历史。最终，经过分析建筑保存的状态后，文章提供了修复和发展教堂和室内壁画的指导方针。

Utility of Specific IgE to Ara h 2 in Italian Allergic and Tolerant Children Sensitized to Peanut

Emerging data suggest that measurement of serum IgE to peanut components can be clinically helpful and more accurate than IgE to whole peanut to predict peanut allergy. Not all studies have used prospective samples, multiple components and oral challenges. Currently, there are no data on this topic involving Italian children. 32 patients (23 males; median age 9 years) with reported history for peanut allergy and evidence of peanut sensitization (skin prick test to peanut extract ≥ 3mm) have been analyzed for serum IgE to whole peanut and recombinant allergen components Ara h 1, 2, 3, 8, and 9 with Immuno CAP and completed an open oral food challenge with peanut. 12 (37.5%) children had a positive challenge to peanut and were considered allergic. No differences were seen between the median values of IgE to peanut, Ara h 1, 3, 8 and 9 in allergic and tolerant children to peanut challenge. Noteworthy, 5 of 20 tolerant children had IgE to peanut> 15 kUA/l which is commonly considered a predictive value of peanut allergy. Conversely, a significant difference was seen when comparing the median value of IgE to Ara h 2 in the two groups: 0.75 kUA/l (IQR: 0.22-4.34 kUA/l) in allergic children versus 0.1 kUA/l (IQR: 0.1-0.12 kUA/l) in tolerant ones (P< 0.001). IgE levels to Ara h 2 are significantly higher in children that react to oral peanut challenge. Our findings in Italian children have been in line with recent reports in various populations of Northern Europe, the US and Australia and add confirmatory evidence that analysis of IgE to Ara h 2 could reduce the need for peanut challenge in suspected allergic patients

Diamond-based sensors for in vitro cellular radiobiology: Simultaneous detection of cell exocytic activity and ionizing radiation

The investigation of secondary effects induced by ionizing radiation represents a new and ever-growing research field in radiobiology. This new paradigm cannot be investigated only using standard instrumentation and methodologies, but rather requires novel technologies to achieve significant progress. In this framework, we developed diamond-based sensors that allow simultaneous real-time measurements with a high spatial resolution of the secretory activity of a network of cells cultured on the device, as well as of the dose at which they are exposed during irradiation experiments. The devices were functionally characterized by testing both the above-mentioned detection schemes, namely: amperometric measurements of neurotransmitter release from excitable cells (such as dopamine or adrenaline) and dosimetric evaluation using different ionizing particles (alpha particle and X-ray photons). Finally, the sensors were employed to investigate the effects induced by X-rays on the exocytotic activity of PC12 neuroendocrine cells by monitoring the modulation of the dopamine release in real-time

Where to Find Leucine in Food and How to Feed Elderly With Sarcopenia in Order to Counteract Loss of Muscle Mass: Practical Advice

The term sarcopenia refers to the loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength that generally occurs during aging. The interventions that have proved most effective in reducing the severity and preventing the worsening of sarcopenia include physical exercise, especially resistance, and the administration of dietary supplements in association with a targeted diet; nutritional intervention is the main therapeutic approach for elderly people, since they are very often sedentary (also due to possible disabilities). Among the various nutrients, high biological value proteins and leucine are of particular interest for their demonstrated effects on the health of skeletal muscle. The intake of food containing proteins and leucine during meals stimulates muscle protein synthesis. Lower blood levels of leucine were associated with lower values of the skeletal muscle index, grip strength and performance. The international guidelines recommended that a leucine intake of 3 g at three main meals together with 25-30 g of protein is the goal to be achieved to counteract loss of lean mass in elderly. Food composition databases rarely show the amounts of leucine contained in foods and therefore it becomes difficult to build a diet that follows these guidelines. A table was therefore created for the first time in the literature to collect all the foods richest in leucine, thanks to the union of the most important Italian food databases. Moreover, in order to implement a diet that follows the right recommendations, another tables shows nutritional composition of breakfast, lunch and dinner (that each provide 3 grams of leucine and 25 grams of protein) for seven days

Does lung microbiome play a causal or casual role in asthma?

Asthma is the most common chronic disease in childhood. The pathogenesis of asthma is multifactorial and is thought to include environmental factors interacting with genetics during pregnancy and in the first years of life. In the last decades, a possible role of gut microbiota in allergic disease pathogenesis has been demonstrated. Next generation sequencing techniques have allowed the identification of a distinct microbiome in the healthy lungs. The lung microbiome is characterized by the prevalence of bacteria belonging to the phylum Bacteroidetes (mostly Prevotella and Veilonella spp) in healthy subjects and to the phylum Proteobacteria in asthmatics (mostly Haemophilus, Moraxella, and Neisseria spp). In asthma, as well as in other diseases, the lung microbiome composition changes due to a disruption of the delicate balance between immigration and elimination of bacteria. The lung microbiome can interact with the immune system, thus influencing inflammation. Early infections with viruses, such as respiratory syncytial virus, may alter lung microbiome composition favoring the emergence of Proteobacteria, a phylum which is also linked to severity of asthma and bronchial hyperreactivity. Lastly, antibiotics may alter the gut and lung microbiota and potentially disturb the relationship between microbiota and host. Therefore, antibiotics should be prescribed with increasing awareness of their potential harmful effect on the microbiota in young children with and without asthma. The potential effects of probiotics and prebiotics on lung microbiome are unknown.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Saving temporary exhibitions in virtual environments: The Digital Renaissance of Ulisse Aldrovandi – Acquisition and digitisation of cultural heritage objects

As per the objectives of Project CHANGES, particularly its thematic sub-project on the use of virtual technologies for museums and art collections, our goal was to obtain a digital twin of the temporary exhibition on Ulisse Aldrovandi called “The Other Renaissance”, and make it accessible to users online. After a preliminary study of the exhibition, focusing on acquisition constraints and related solutions, we proceeded with the digital twin creation by acquiring, processing, modelling, optimising, exporting, and metadating the exhibition. We made hybrid use of two acquisition techniques to create new digital cultural heritage objects and environments, and we used open technologies, formats, and protocols to make available the final digital product. Here, we describe the process of collecting and curating bibliographical exhibition (meta) data and the beginning of the digital twin creation to foster its findability, accessibility, interoperability, and reusability. The creation of the digital twin is currently ongoing

The Clinical Impact of Methotrexate-Induced Stroke-Like Neurotoxicity in Paediatric Departments: An Italian Multi-Centre Case-Series

IntroductionStroke-like syndrome (SLS) is a rare subacute neurological complication of intrathecal or high-dose (&gt;= 500 mg) Methotrexate (MTX) administration. Its clinical features, evoking acute cerebral ischaemia with fluctuating course symptoms and a possible spontaneous resolution, have elicited interest among the scientific community. However, many issues are still open on the underlying pathogenesis, clinical, and therapeutic management and long-term outcome. Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed clinical, radiological and laboratory records of all patients diagnosed with SLS between 2011 and 2021 at 4 National referral centers for Pediatric Onco-Hematology. Patients with a latency period that was longer than 3 weeks between the last MTX administration of MTX and SLS onset were excluded from the analysis, as were those with unclear etiologies. We assessed symptom severity using a dedicated arbitrary scoring system. Eleven patients were included in the study. ResultsThe underlying disease was acute lymphoblastic leukemia type B in 10/11 patients, while fibroblastic osteosarcoma was present in a single subject. The median age at diagnosis was 11 years (range 4-34), and 64% of the patients were women. Symptoms occurred after a mean of 9.45 days (+/- 0.75) since the last MTX administration and lasted between 1 and 96 h. Clinical features included hemiplegia and/or cranial nerves palsy, paraesthesia, movement or speech disorders, and seizure. All patients underwent neuroimaging studies (CT and/or MRI) and EEG. The scoring system revealed an average of 4.9 points (+/- 2.3), with a median of 5 points (maximum 20 points). We detected a linear correlation between the severity of the disease and age in male patients. ConclusionsSLS is a rare, well-characterized complication of MTX administration. Despite the small sample, we have been able to confirm some of the previous findings in literature. We also identified a linear correlation between age and severity of the disease, which could improve the future clinical management