The image of Social Work and Social Services in the written press in Spain

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la imagen actual del Trabajo Social y los Servicios Sociales en la prensa escrita en España. La justificación del tema se sustenta en la escasez de investigaciones científicas realizadas sobre la influencia de los medios de comunicación y de la prensa en el área disciplinar y profesional del Trabajo Social. El método se ha desarrollado mediante una revisión documental y un análisis de contenido de la prensa escrita en un universo creado ad hoc de 383 informaciones de dos de los diarios de mayor tirada en este país. La elección de ambos periódicos se explica por el criterio de hegemonía informativa, y estas informaciones representan el total de noticias de todos los días del año 2017. A partir de la búsqueda sistematiza de palabras clave relacionadas con el tema objeto de estudio, los resultados permiten reflexionar acerca de la importancia de los medios de comunicación como generadores de opinión pública; así como los elementos que configuran la imagen actual del Trabajo Social y Servicios Sociales en estos medios de comunicación y la necesidad de ocuparse y trabajar por construir y comunicar a la sociedad una imagen positiva y adecuada.The aim of this article is to analyze the current image of Social Work and Social Services in the written press in Spain. The rationale behind this objective is the scarcity of scientific research carried and reported on the influence of communication media and the press in the disciplinary and professional area of Social Work. The method has been developed throguh a documentary review and a content analysis of the written press, from an ad-hoc created universe from two of the newspapers with the largest circulation in this country. The choice of these two newspapers is justified by a criterion of informative hegemony; analyzed informations represent the total of a systematized search covering all the days in 2017, using keywords related to the topic under study. The results enable the reflection on the importance that social media play as a source of public opinion, the elements that shape the current image of Social Work and the need to take the responsability and work for building up and communicate a positive and rightful image to society

Reprint of “Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) modulates dynamics of small pelagic fishes and ecosystem regime shifts in the eastern North and Central Atlantic”

Dynamics of abundance and migrations of populations of small pelagic clupeoid fish such as anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus), sardine (Sardina pilchardus), sardinella (Sardinella aurita), sprat (Sprattus sprattus) and herring (Clupea harengus) in the eastern North and Central Atlantic between Senegal and Norway vary in synchrony with the warm and cool phases of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO). This is shown by compiling retrospective data on fish catches and anecdotal observations, which in some cases date back to the mid-19th century. The AMO is defined as the de-trended mean of North Atlantic (0-60 degrees N) sea surface temperature anomalies. However, it is not primarily the temperature which drives the dynamics of the small pelagic fish populations. Instead, the AMO seems to be a proxy for complex processes in the coupled atmosphere-ocean system of the North Atlantic. This is manifested in large-scale changes in strength and direction of the current system that move water masses around the North Atlantic and likely involves the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), the Mediterranean Overflow Water (MOW) and the subpolar gyre (SPG). The contractions and expansions of the SPG apparently play a key role. This was particularly obvious in the mid-1990s, when the SPG abruptly contracted with the result that warm subtropical water masses moved to the north and east. Small pelagic fish populations in the eastern North and Central Atlantic, including those in the Mediterranean responded quickly by changing abundances and migrating northwards. It seems that the complex ocean-atmosphere changes in the mid-1990s, which are described in the text in detail, caused a regime shift in the ecosystems of the eastern North and Central Atlantic and the small pelagic clupeoid fish populations are the sentinels of this shift

Estudio para la mejora de la calidad del Máster en Trabajo Social Comunitario, Gestión y Evaluación de Servicios Sociales en atención a las necesidades del alumnado egresado

Se presenta el informe sobre el desarrollo del proyecto de innovación en calidad llevado a cabo por un equipo interdisciplinar en la Facultad de Trabajo Social. A través de la creación de un cuestionario y un grupo de discusión se analiza la inserción laboral y satisfacción con la titulación de nuestros egresados

Atrasentan and renal events in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease (SONAR): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial

Background: Short-term treatment for people with type 2 diabetes using a low dose of the selective endothelin A receptor antagonist atrasentan reduces albuminuria without causing significant sodium retention. We report the long-term effects of treatment with atrasentan on major renal outcomes. Methods: We did this double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial at 689 sites in 41 countries. We enrolled adults aged 18–85 years with type 2 diabetes, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)25–75 mL/min per 1·73 m 2 of body surface area, and a urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR)of 300–5000 mg/g who had received maximum labelled or tolerated renin–angiotensin system inhibition for at least 4 weeks. Participants were given atrasentan 0·75 mg orally daily during an enrichment period before random group assignment. Those with a UACR decrease of at least 30% with no substantial fluid retention during the enrichment period (responders)were included in the double-blind treatment period. Responders were randomly assigned to receive either atrasentan 0·75 mg orally daily or placebo. All patients and investigators were masked to treatment assignment. The primary endpoint was a composite of doubling of serum creatinine (sustained for ≥30 days)or end-stage kidney disease (eGFR <15 mL/min per 1·73 m 2 sustained for ≥90 days, chronic dialysis for ≥90 days, kidney transplantation, or death from kidney failure)in the intention-to-treat population of all responders. Safety was assessed in all patients who received at least one dose of their assigned study treatment. The study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01858532. Findings: Between May 17, 2013, and July 13, 2017, 11 087 patients were screened; 5117 entered the enrichment period, and 4711 completed the enrichment period. Of these, 2648 patients were responders and were randomly assigned to the atrasentan group (n=1325)or placebo group (n=1323). Median follow-up was 2·2 years (IQR 1·4–2·9). 79 (6·0%)of 1325 patients in the atrasentan group and 105 (7·9%)of 1323 in the placebo group had a primary composite renal endpoint event (hazard ratio [HR]0·65 [95% CI 0·49–0·88]; p=0·0047). Fluid retention and anaemia adverse events, which have been previously attributed to endothelin receptor antagonists, were more frequent in the atrasentan group than in the placebo group. Hospital admission for heart failure occurred in 47 (3·5%)of 1325 patients in the atrasentan group and 34 (2·6%)of 1323 patients in the placebo group (HR 1·33 [95% CI 0·85–2·07]; p=0·208). 58 (4·4%)patients in the atrasentan group and 52 (3·9%)in the placebo group died (HR 1·09 [95% CI 0·75–1·59]; p=0·65). Interpretation: Atrasentan reduced the risk of renal events in patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease who were selected to optimise efficacy and safety. These data support a potential role for selective endothelin receptor antagonists in protecting renal function in patients with type 2 diabetes at high risk of developing end-stage kidney disease. Funding: AbbVie