Trattamento dell'ipertiroidismo di Graves con tionamidi: un documento di sintesi sulle indicazioni e la sicurezza in gravidanza

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Integrated analytical approach in veal calvesadministered the anabolic androgenic steroidsboldenone and boldione: urine and plasma kineticprofile and changes in plasma protein expression

Surveillance of illegal use of steroids hormones in cattle breeding is a key issue to preserve human health. To this purpose, an integrated approach has been developed for the analysis of plasma and urine from calves treated orally with a single dose of a combination of the androgenic steroids boldenone and boldione. A quantitative estimation of steroid hormones was obtained by LC-APCI-QMS/ MS analysis of plasma and urine samples obtained at various times up to 36 and 24 h after treatment, respectively. These experiments demonstrated that boldione was never found, while boldenone a- and b-epimers were detected in plasma and urine only within 2 and 24 h after drug administration, respectively. Parallel proteomic analysis of plasma samples was obtained by combined 2-DE,MALDI-TOF-MS and mLC-ESI-IT-MS/MS procedures. A specific protein, poorly represented in normal plasmasamples collected before treatment,was found upregulated even 36 h after hormone treatment.Extensivemassmapping experiments proved this component as an N-terminal truncated form of apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), a protein involved in cholesterol transport. The expression profile of ApoA1 analysed byWestern blot analysis confirmed a significant and time dependent increase of thisApoA1 fragment. Then, provided that further experiments performed with a growth-promoting schedule will confirm these preliminary findings, truncated ApoA1 may be proposed as a candidate biomarker for steroid boldenone and possibly other anabolic androgens misuse in cattle veal calves, when no traces of hormones are detectable in plasma or urine

Dental Health and Mortality in People With End-Stage Kidney Disease Treated With Hemodialysis: A Multinational Cohort Study

Background Dental disease is more extensive in adults with chronic kidney disease, but whether dental health and behaviors are associated with survival in the setting of hemodialysis is unknown. Study Design Prospective multinational cohort. Setting & Participants 4,205 adults treated with long-term hemodialysis, 2010 to 2012 (Oral Diseases in Hemodialysis [ORAL-D] Study). Predictors Dental health as assessed by a standardized dental examination using World Health Organization guidelines and personal oral care, including edentulousness; decayed, missing, and filled teeth index; teeth brushing and flossing; and dental health consultation. Outcomes All-cause and cardiovascular mortality at 12 months after dental assessment. Measurements Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression models fitted with shared frailty to account for clustering of mortality risk within countries. Results During a mean follow-up of 22.1 months, 942 deaths occurred, including 477 cardiovascular deaths. Edentulousness (adjusted HR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.10-1.51) and decayed, missing, or filled teeth score ≥ 14 (adjusted HR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.33-2.17) were associated with early all-cause mortality, while dental flossing, using mouthwash, brushing teeth daily, spending at least 2 minutes on oral hygiene daily, changing a toothbrush at least every 3 months, and visiting a dentist within the past 6 months (adjusted HRs of 0.52 [95% CI, 0.32-0.85], 0.79 [95% CI, 0.64-0.97], 0.76 [95% CI, 0.58-0.99], 0.84 [95% CI, 0.71-0.99], 0.79 [95% CI, 0.65-0.95], and 0.79 [95% CI, 0.65-0.96], respectively) were associated with better survival. Results for cardiovascular mortality were similar. Limitations Convenience sample of clinics. Conclusions In adults treated with hemodialysis, poorer dental health was associated with early death, whereas preventive dental health practices were associated with longer survival

Nurses' perceptions of aids and obstacles to the provision of optimal end of life care in ICU

Contains fulltext : 172380.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access

One Lever Control for Variable Pitch Turboprop Aircraft

The present work focuses on the control strategy concerning the propulsion system of a variable pitch turboprop aircraft. Extremely common solution for the management of the propulsion system of existing variable pitch turboprop aircraft considers a two-lever system for the control of both the turboprop output power and the propeller thrust. Such an approach translates, on one hand into a greater pilot responsibility and, on the other hand, into higher costs in terms of fuel consumption, aircraft maintenance and pilot training. In order to solve these drawbacks, an one-lever system for the control of the variable pitch turboprop aircraft propulsion system has been proposed. The design of this one-lever propulsion control has been carried at first by developing the whole aircraft ecosystem in Simulink© framework and then by implementing the control algorithm of the one-lever system

Management of drug resistantTB in patients with HIV co-infection

Introduction: Multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR- and XDR-TB) are major public health concerns worldwide. Their association with HIV/AIDS infection has contributed to the slowing down of TB incidence decline over the last two decades, therefore representing one of the most important barriers to reach TB elimination. Areas covered: The aim of this manuscript is to critically review the recent scientific evidence on the management of drug-resistant TB (essentially MDR- and XDR-TB) in subjects coinfected with HIV, focusing on the two new recently-approved anti-TB drugs delamanid and bedaquiline. The medical search-engine PubMed was used, selecting the time-period January 2013 - February 2015, and using the following Keywords: drug-resistant TB, multidrug resistant TB (or MDR-TB), extensively drug-resistant TB (or XDR-TB), delamanid and bedaquiline. Expert opinion: The TB/HIV co-epidemic can be faced by implementing the 12 TB/HIV collaborative activities recommended by the World Health Organization. They are focused on the systematic screening of individuals to detect the Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in HIV-positives, as well as HIV infection in TB patients in order to ensure a rapid initiation of the anti-retroviral therapy (ART). The clinical and public health management of HIV-positive individuals with MDR-TB is complex and expensive, given the cost of second line anti-TB drugs (including the new drugs, delamanid and bedaquiline) and ART. Political commitment and more investment to identify shorter, cheaper and effective anti-TB and HIV regimens as well as better diagnostics and, hopefully, a vaccine will contribute to boost the efforts to eliminate TB

Analysis of two pit-1 gene polymorphisms and relationships with growth performance traits in Podolica young bulls

Pit-1 is a pituitary-specific transcription factor responsible for pituitary development and hormone expression in mammals. In this study the Pit-1/. HinfI and Pit-1/. TaqI loci were investigated using PCR-RFLP approach in a sample of 308 Podolica young bulls. All the possible genotypes for both the SNPs were identified. The allelic frequencies at Pit-1/. TaqI locus were 0.76 (G) and 0.24 (A) while those at Pit-1/. HinfI locus were 0.70 (B) and 0.30 (A). Combined genotypic frequencies and possible haplotypes frequencies were also reported. Moreover the relationships between these SNPs and the growth traits of the Podolica bulls were studied. A positive effect of the Pit-1/. HinfI B allele on growth traits were observed. Furthermore significant statistical results concerning the association between Pit-1/. TaqI and early development (from birth to weaning) were found, with a superiority of the G allele. When in combination, the positive effects of the Pit-1/. HinfI B and the Pit-1/. TaqI G allele were partially confirmed