Sprachregionale und kulturelle Aspekte der Mediennutzung von Schweizer Kindern

Die Autoren stellen die Ergebnisse der Vergleichsstudie zum Mediennutzungsverhalten von Kindern und Jugendlichen vor, die Teil des internationalen Forschungsprojektes Children, Young People and the Changing Media ist. In der Schweiz sind hier neben schichtenspezifischen auch soziokulturelle Aspekte des Mediennutzungsverhaltens von Interesse. Daher setzen die Autoren folgende Schwerpunkte in der Auswertung der Studie: 1. Mediennutzungsverhalten der Kinder und Jugendlichen, 2. Verhältnis der Nutzung muttersprachlicher und englischsprachiger Medien (Musik, Internetseiten), 3. erzieherisches Einwirken der Eltern. Neben schichtenspezifischen Unterschieden im Mediennutzungsverhalten und Erziehungsstil der Eltern konnten auch sprachregionale Differenzen ermittelt werden

Advancements on SEFE and Partitioned Book Embedding Problems

In this work we investigate the complexity of some problems related to the {\em Simultaneous Embedding with Fixed Edges} (SEFE) of $k$ planar graphs and the PARTITIONED $k$-PAGE BOOK EMBEDDING (PBE-$k$) problems, which are known to be equivalent under certain conditions. While the computational complexity of SEFE for $k=2$ is still a central open question in Graph Drawing, the problem is NP-complete for $k \geq 3$ [Gassner {\em et al.}, WG '06], even if the intersection graph is the same for each pair of graphs ({\em sunflower intersection}) [Schaefer, JGAA (2013)]. We improve on these results by proving that SEFE with $k \geq 3$ and sunflower intersection is NP-complete even when the intersection graph is a tree and all the input graphs are biconnected. Also, we prove NP-completeness for $k \geq 3$ of problem PBE-$k$ and of problem PARTITIONED T-COHERENT $k$-PAGE BOOK EMBEDDING (PTBE-$k$) - that is the generalization of PBE-$k$ in which the ordering of the vertices on the spine is constrained by a tree $T$ - even when two input graphs are biconnected. Further, we provide a linear-time algorithm for PTBE-$k$ when $k-1$ pages are assigned a connected graph. Finally, we prove that the problem of maximizing the number of edges that are drawn the same in a SEFE of two graphs is NP-complete in several restricted settings ({\em optimization version of SEFE}, Open Problem $9$, Chapter $11$ of the Handbook of Graph Drawing and Visualization).Comment: 29 pages, 10 figures, extended version of 'On Some NP-complete SEFE Problems' (Eighth International Workshop on Algorithms and Computation, 2014

Tangled: A Pictorial Review of Ultrasound and Angiography of Postpartum Hemorrhage due to Uterine Arteriovenous Malformations and Sub-Involution of the Placental Bed

Background: PPH can occur in up to 6% of deliveries and is a major cause of maternal mortality. UAE is preferred for PPH after failure of conservative treatment, as UAE can be performed in an emergent manner and can be repeated if necessary. UAE is effective for multiple types of PPH, and 24 hours after delivery, AVMs are the most common type to require UAE. Sub-involution of the placenta bed (SIPB) as an etiology for PPH is a relatively underrecognized etiology in both diagnostic and interventional radiology. SIPB describes a persistence of large placental vessels within the myometrium greater than 24 hours after delivery. We present a pictorial review of ultrasound and angiographic cases to illustrate the differences between uterine AVM and SIP. Clinical Findings/Procedure Details: The appearance of uterine AVM and SIPB in the setting of PPH can be nearly identical on ultrasound with both showing enlarged myometrial vessels with low-resistance on Doppler. However, uterine vessel angiography can clearly diagnose a uterine AVM with tortuous and hypertrophied uterine vessels and an early draining vein. We present several cases of PPH with uterine AVM diagnosed on ultrasound that were confirmed with angiography and embolized successfully. We contrast those cases to patients with PPH and features that were consistent with AVM on ultrasound, whom had no evidence of AVM on angiography, thus suggestive of SIPB. Despite the lack of AVM found on angiography, these cases were embolized via gelatin foam with successful hemostasis of the PPH. Conclusion/Teaching Points: PPH is a significant factor of maternal mortality and can be successfully treated with UAE. Uterine AVM and SIPB can have nearly identical features on ultrasound but can be distinguished during angiography, however, the lack of an AVM on angiography should not preclude embolization.https://scholarlycommons.henryford.com/merf2019clinres/1001/thumbnail.jp

Mobile Phones, Nutrition,and Health in Tanzania: Quantitative Baseline Report

This report focuses on the quantitative component which employs a cluster randomised controlled trial to identify the causal effect of the programme on nutrition knowledge, Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) practices, women’s dietary diversity, and the nutritional status of young children. The quantitative evaluation will answer the following research questions: 1. What is the impact of the mNutrition programme on women’s dietary diversity? 2. What is the impact of the mNutrition programme on Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) practices? 3. What is the impact of the mNutrition programme on nutritional status for children under twelve months of age at baseline? 4. What is the impact of the mNutrition programme on nutrition knowledge, including knowledge of IYCF practices, among pregnant women and the caregivers of young children? 5. Does sending the mNutrition programme to the mobile phones of both the primary female—either the pregnant woman or the mother of the child under twelve months of age at baseline—and the primary male—typically the spouse of the primary female—have a differential impact on the other primary and secondary outcomes? This baseline report introduces the evaluation context, describes the mNutrition intervention in Tanzania, details the evaluation design plans, summarizes the data obtained through the baseline household survey, and tests whether the randomizations successfully balanced baseline observable characteristics across the different treatment arms. The findings from this quantitative baseline report will be integrated with those from the baseline qualitative report and the baseline business model and cost-effectiveness reports to produce a mixed methods baseline report that reflects the full mNutrition impact evaluation in Tanzania

When satellite is all you have: watching the internet from 550 ms

Satellite Communication(SatCom) offers internet connectivity where traditional infrastructures are too expensive to deploy. When using satellites in a geostationary orbit, the distance from Earth forces a round trip time higher than 550ms. Coupled with the limited and shared capacity of the physical link, this poses a challenge to the traditional internet access quality we are used to. In this paper, we present the first passive characterization of the traffic carried by an operational SatCom network. With this unique vantage point, we observe the performance of the SatCom technology, as well as the usage habits of subscribers in different countries in Europe and Africa. We highlight the implications of such technology on Internet usage and functioning, and we pinpoint technical challenges due to the CDN and DNS resolution issues, while discussing possible optimizations that the ISP could implement to improve the service offered to SatCom subscribers

Mobile Phones, Nutrition, and Agriculture in Ghana: Quantitative Baseline Report

This report focuses on the quantitative component of the mNutrition Evaluation and it employs a randomized encouragement design to determine the causal effect of the programme on dietary diversity, agricultural income, and production. The quantitative evaluation will answer the following research questions: 1. How effective is the Vodafone Farmers’ Club service at increasing the knowledge and changing the behaviour of farmers? 2. What are the impacts of the Vodafone Farmers’ Club service on households’ dietary diversity, agricultural income, and production? 3. What is the demand for the Vodafone Farmers’ Club service and can framing about the agriculture or nutrition objectives of the service affect household’s willingness to pay for the service? 4. Does targeting women have differential impacts on knowledge, behaviour, and final outcomes than targeting men with the service? The purpose of this baseline report is to introduce the context for this evaluation, describe the interventions and evaluation design, summarize the data from the baseline household survey, and test if the randomization successfully balanced baseline characteristics across encouraged and comparison communities. The findings from the quantitative baseline will be combined and triangulated with the initial exploratory qualitative study and business model/cost-effectiveness study, and integrated into a mixed methods baseline report of the mNutrition impact evaluation in Ghana

A vortex population viability analysis model for the Chacoan peccary (catagonus wagneri)

El quimilero o taguá (Catagonus wagneri) es una especie amenazada, endémica del Chaco Seco, para la cual disponemos de poca información. Para estimar cuantitativamente el riesgo de disminución y extinción de sus poblaciones silvestres generamos modelos de viabilidad poblacional. Con estos modelos matemáticos se pueden identificar factores naturales y antrópicos complejos que interactúan y que influyen en la persistencia y la salud de una población. Los modelos también se pueden utilizar para evaluar los efectos de diferentes estrategias de gestión, permitiendo identificar las acciones de conservación más efectivas para una población o especie. Además, estos modelos se pueden usar para identificar las necesidades de investigación debido a que ponen en evidencia los vacíos de información sobre la especie. Utilizando estos modelos, evaluamos la proyección poblacional en las condiciones actuales y en comparación con posibles variaciones existentes en el sistema. Para generar los parámetros ingresados en los modelos realizamos una reunión de especialistas y una revisión bibliográfica. Trabajó con valores de línea de base (base), mínimos (mín.) y máximos (máx.). Generamos diferentes modelos ante diferentes escenarios y testeamos la sensibilidad a la incertidumbre de cada modelo. Esto permitió establecer prioridades de investigación. Además, determinamos los tamaños mínimos de población viable considerando la incertidumbre y analizamos los posibles efectos de la caza en una población de esta especie.Fil: Leus, Kritin. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Species Survival Commission; DinamarcaFil: Altrichter, Mariana. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Species Survival Commission; Estados UnidosFil: Desbiez, Arnaud. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Species Survival Commission; BrasilFil: Camino, Micaela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Centro de Ecología Aplicada del Litoral. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Centro de Ecología Aplicada del Litoral; ArgentinaFil: Giordano, Anthony J.. S.P.E.C.I.E.S.; Estados UnidosFil: Campos Krauer, Juan Manuel. University of Florida. Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation; Estados Unidos. Centro Chaqueño para la Conservación y la Investigación; ParaguayFil: Brooks, Daniel M.. Houston Museum Of Natural Science; Estados UnidosFil: Thompson, Jeffrey. Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología; ParaguayFil: Núñez Regueiro, Mauricio Manuel. University of Florida. Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation; Estados Unidos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Sprachregionale und kulturelle Aspekte der Mediennutzung von Schweizer Kindern

Die Autoren stellen die Ergebnisse der Vergleichsstudie zum Mediennutzungsverhalten von Kindern und Jugendlichen vor, die Teil des internationalen Forschungsprojektes Children, Young People and the Changing Media ist. In der Schweiz sind hier neben schichtenspezifischen auch soziokulturelle Aspekte des Mediennutzungsverhaltens von Interesse. Daher setzen die Autoren folgende Schwerpunkte in der Auswertung der Studie: 1. Mediennutzungsverhalten der Kinder und Jugendlichen, 2. Verhältnis der Nutzung muttersprachlicher und englischsprachiger Medien (Musik, Internetseiten), 3. erzieherisches Einwirken der Eltern. Neben schichtenspezifischen Unterschieden im Mediennutzungsverhalten und Erziehungsstil der Eltern konnten auch sprachregionale Differenzen ermittelt werden