El incremento de los deberes para casa y la exactitud de tarea con la participación de los padres en niños pequeños con trastorno del espectro autista

Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder often experience difficulty completing homework assignments independently more than students without disabilitie s. This study examined the use of a daily report card while adding a parent teacher component on the homework completion and accuracy rates of two second grade boys diagnosed with Autism. Parental participation for graphing and reviewing the student data i nvolved the home environment. Researchers found that the use of the daily report card for homework completion and accuracy increased student success with the added parent teacher communication component. The parent teacher intervention increased both stude nts’ homework completion by 65% and 38% respectively and accuracy rates by 123% and 30% respectively compared, to baseline sessions. Data showed that the addition of a parent teacher graphing component can be effective with a daily report card to increase parental involvement, while also helping increase homework completion and accuracy rates in students with Autism

A slowly activating voltage-dependent K+ current in rat pituitary nerve terminals.

A novel slowly activating voltage-dependent K+ current was observed in isolated nerve terminals from rat neurohypophysis using the whole-cell configuration of the patch-clamp technique. 2. The activation kinetics of the slow current could be fitted assuming Hodgkin--Huxley-type kinetics, an exponential, n, of 1.3 and activation time constants decreasing from 4 s at -50 mV to 0.7s at +40 mV. 3. A positive shift of reversal potential was observed when [K+] was increased in the bath solution. The current is carried mainly but not exclusively by K+ ions. 4. When intracellular free [Mg2+] was low (approximately 60 microM), average current density was 74 pA pF-1 at membrane potentials around 0 mV. In 83% of nerve terminals current amplitude was > 10 pA pF-1. 5. The slow current was never observed when the pipette contained 4.6 mM free Mg2+. At a physiological level of free Mg2+ (0.5 mM) the average current density was 16 pA pF-1. 6. When nerve terminals were analysed after patch-clamp experiments for vasopressin content by immunodetection, no difference in current amplitude was found between the terminals containing vasopressin and all analysed terminals. 7. The voltage dependence of activation was fitted by a Boltzmann equation giving a half-activation potential of -37 mV and a slope factor of about 9 mV. 8. Tail current deactivation kinetics was biexponential with time constants of 0.12 and 1.5s. Kinetics was dependent on the duration of the activating pulse. 9. Noise analysis of the slow current indicated a single-channel current of 0.33 pA at +6 mV, corresponding to a single-channel conductance of 4.3 pS. 10. This is the first demonstration of a current similar to the slow K+ current, IKs, in a neurone, suggesting that a protein similar to the IKs-inducing channel protein IsK (minK) may be present in peptidergic nerve terminals. 11. The activation properties are consistent with a role of the slow current in inhibition of excitability, at least at the level of the nerve terminal

Tuning SERS Signal via Substrate Structuring: Valves of Different Diatom Species with Ultrathin Gold Coating

The discovered light modulation capabilities of diatom silicious valves make them an excellent toolkit for photonic devices and applications. In this work, a reproducible surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) enhancement was achieved with hybrid substrates employing diatom silica valves coated with an ultrathin uniform gold film. Three structurally different hybrid substrates, based on the valves of three dissimilar diatom species, have been compared to elucidate the structural contribution to SERS enhancement. The comparative analysis of obtained results showed that substrates containing cylindrical Aulacoseira sp. valves achieved the highest enhancement, up to 14-fold. Numerical analysis based on the frequency domain finite element method was carried out to supplement the experimental results. Our results demonstrate that diatom valves of different shapes can enhance the SERS signal, offering a toolbox for SERS-based sensors, where the magnitude of the enhancement depends on valve geometry and ultrastructure

Monitoring the internal and external loads of young team handball players during competition

This study aimed to examine the internal- and external-training-load (ITL and ETL, respectively) during a match of young handball players. Field testing included heart-rate monitoring (memory belt, Suunto) as a marker of ITL and accelerometry (motion-biosensor, Actical Respironcis, Philips) as a marker of ETL. Time motion analysis data were obtained by recording the player's game activities and later analysed with the Matlab software package. T-test and Pearson-product-moment correlation coefficient were used to examine the differences and the relationship between variables collected in the study. The t-test analysis did not show significant differences between the total distance covered (2216.42-2135.42 m), steps conducted (1829.25-1829.83 steps), steps per minute (91.46-91.49 steps/min), energy expenditure (92.24-90.87 METS), time spent in higher intensity zones calculated by motion biosensor (13.08-12.75 minutes), training-load calculated by Edwards TRIMP method (91.54-88.56 scores) in the first and in the second half of the match. Physical activity variables show no significant correlations with the data assessed by heart rate monitors. Similar results in monitored training-load variables in the first and second halves are connected with the game intensity, which was consistent throughout the match. The lack of correlations between ITL and ETL variables indicates that accelerometry is not suitable for the assessment of metabolic training load in intermittent activities, such as handball. ITL measures used in this study are more suitable for controlling load during training and competition, while the ETL parameters used are more appropriate for better understanding players activity in periods in which the players do not train; other activities can influence players fatigue and training and competition performance

Views of Catholic Middle School Students on Handling Peer Aggression

Peer aggression toward peers who are perceived as weaker or different is a widespread problem for middle-school students including those attending Catholic middle schools. Middle school students’ normative beliefs about the acceptability of various types of aggressive behavior influences their own potential involvement in bullying or as bystanders to bullying in school environments. This study examined decision-making preferences of 6th, 7th, and 8th grade girls and boys for how they thought a targeted peer (from a vulnerable group) should handle a situation of physical, verbal, or cyber aggression. Significant gender, grade and type of peer aggression effects were found for the decision making of the middle schoolers, carrying important implications for the design of future school-based bullying prevention programs

Teaching & Learning During COVID-19: Alternative Instructional Activities through Individualized Learning Plans

Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, 75 teacher candidates from SUNY Old Westbury were engaged in their Applied Learning Practicum in public schools across Long Island. Of those students, 18 were in the Exceptional Education and Learning Department. When the first teacher candidate was asked to leave her placement, faculty in the Exceptional Education and Learning Department pivoted to design an individualized learning plan for each teacher candidate to augment their clinical placement experience

The Effects of a Function-Based Classwide Intervention on the Behavior of Students in Urban Self-Contained English Language Arts Classrooms

School-based support teams may be overwhelmed, making it essential that teachers quickly integrate effective behavior management practices into their developing repertoire of skills. Using a randomized multiple baseline design, this study investigated the effects of a function-based classwide intervention on disruptive behavior and class engagement in three urban self-contained ELA classrooms for students with emotional and behavioral disorders. Teacher implementation was supported through the application of a problem solving consultation framework. Visual analysis of observation data suggested that interventions were effective in all three classrooms. The participating teacher also reported intervention and consultation services as socially valid

Deposition of copper sulfide films on polyamide surface

In this paper, we present a novel and low - cost method for preparing copper sulfide films on polyamide. Non-treated as well as pre-treated PA6 films by 3 different methods (in boiled water; in NaOH solution; in boiled water and then in NaOH solution) were used for the formation of Cu2S layers by the sorption-diffusion method. Molten sulfur has been used as a sulfurization agent. The XRD, FTIR, and UV-VIS methods were used to characterize the structural, optical, and electrical properties of samples and to track changes in samples after each treatment stage. The sheet resistance of Cu2S layers depends on the pre-treatment method and varied from 7 kΩ/sq to 6 MΩ/sq. The optical band gaps (Eg) for direct and indirect transitions are determined to be 2.61-2.67 eV and 1.40-1.44 eV, respectively. Furthermore, the optical constants n, k, and σ are determined from UV-VIS measurements

Teaching Children with Autism to Understand Metaphors

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of an instructional procedure on the acquisition and generalization of metaphorical understanding for children with autism spectrum disorder. Three students (two boys, one girl, 5-8 years old) participated but only two completed the study. A multiple-probe design across two behaviors and three participants was used. The metaphors were categorized by topography: metaphors involving physical features and metaphors involving abstract properties. The instruction consisted of intraverbal training using echoic prompts, picture prompts, and textual prompts. The results indicated that the instruction was effective in establishing metaphorical understanding of target metaphors. Generalized understanding to untaught metaphors occurred for the two students who completed the study, and all metaphors were maintained at a relatively high level for two months following the instruction

Levels and changes of physical activity in adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Contextualizing urban vs. Rural living environment

The COVID-19 pandemic and the social distancing implemented shortly after influence physical activity levels (PALs). The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the changes in PAL and factors associated with PALs among Croatian adolescents while considering the impact of community (urban vs. rural living environment). The sample included 823 adolescents (mean age: 16.5 ± 2.1 years) who were tested on baseline (from October 2019 to March 2020; before COVID-19 pandemic in Croatia) and follow-up (in April 2020; during the COVID-19 pandemic and imposed rules of social distancing). Baseline testing included anthropometrics, physical fitness status, and evaluation of PALs, while follow-up included only PALs (evaluated by a standardized questionnaire through an internet application). The results showed a significant influence of the living environment on the decrease of PAL, with a larger decrease in urban adolescents. Logistic regression showed a higher likelihood for normal PALs at baseline in adolescents who had better fitness status, with no strong confounding effect of the urban/rural environment. The fitness status of urban adolescents predicted their PALs at follow-up. The differences between urban and rural adolescents with regard to the established changes in PALs and relationships between the predictors and PALs are explained by the characteristics of the living communities (lack of organized sports in rural areas), and the level of social distancing in the studied period and region/country