Sparse spatial selection for novelty-based search result diversification

Abstract. Novelty-based diversification approaches aim to produce a diverse ranking by directly comparing the retrieved documents. However, since such approaches are typically greedy, they require O(n 2) documentdocument comparisons in order to diversify a ranking of n documents. In this work, we propose to model novelty-based diversification as a similarity search in a sparse metric space. In particular, we exploit the triangle inequality property of metric spaces in order to drastically reduce the number of required document-document comparisons. Thorough experiments using three TREC test collections show that our approach is at least as effective as existing novelty-based diversification approaches, while improving their efficiency by an order of magnitude.

Understanding a woman's heart: Lessons from 14 177 women with acute coronary syndrome

INTRODUCTION: Coronary artery disease is becoming the leading cause of death in women in Western society. However, the available data shows that women are still underdiagnosed and undertreated with guideline-recommended secondary prevention therapy, leading to a significantly higher rate of in-hospital complications and in-hospital mortality. OBJECTIVE: The main objective of this work is to assess the approach to acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in Portugal, including form of presentation, in-hospital treatment and in-hospital complications, according to gender and in three different periods. METHODS: We performed an observational study with retrospective analysis of all patients included between 2002 and 2019 in the Portuguese Registry of Acute Coronary Syndromes (ProACS), a voluntary, observational, prospective, continuous registry of the Portuguese Society of Cardiology and the National Center for Data Collection in Cardiology. RESULTS: A total of 49 113 patients (34 936 men and 14 177 women) were included. Obesity, hypertension, diabetes (p<0.001 for all) and dyslipidemia (p=0.022) were all more prevalent in women, who were more frequently admitted for non-ST segment elevation ACS (p<0.001), and more frequently presented with atypical symptoms. Women had more time until needle and until reperfusion, which is less accessible to this gender (p<0.001). During hospitalization, women had a significantly higher risk of in-hospital mortality (OR 1.94 [1.78-2.12], p<0.001), major bleeding (OR 1.53 [1.30-1.80], p<0.001), heart failure (OR 1.87 [1.78-1.97], p<0.001), atrial fibrillation (OR 1.55 [1.36-1.77], p<0.001), mechanical complications (OR 2.12 [1.78-2.53], p<0.001), cardiogenic shock (OR 1.71 [1.57-1.87], p<0.001) and stroke (OR 2.15 [1.76-2.62], p<0.001). Women were more likely to have a normal coronary angiogram or coronary lesions with <50% luminal stenosis (p<0.001 for both), and thus a final diagnosis other than ACS. Both during hospitalization and at hospital discharge, women were less likely to receive guideline-recommended secondary prevention therapy. CONCLUSION: In women admitted for ACS, revascularization strategies are still underused, as is guideline-recommended secondary prevention therapy, which may explain their higher incidence of in-hospital complications and higher unadjusted mortality.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Insulin and diabetes control in Argentina

En la Argentina al igual que en todo el mundo hay una brecha importante entre los conocimientos científicos sobre la diabetes mellitus (DM) y su aplicación en la práctica clínica. El control inadecuado de la DM y los factores de riesgo cardiovascular asociados genera una elevada morbimortalidad y el consecuente aumento de su carga socioeconómica. El diagnóstico tardío, la “inercia prescriptiva”, especialmente de insulina, y la educación deficiente de integrantes del equipo de salud y personas con diabetes, son algunos de los factores responsables de dicha situación. La implementación de un programa de educación diabetológica que incluya la organización de gabinetes de insulinización, a nivel nacional, dirigido tanto a prestadores como a personas con DM y sus familiares, contribuiría a optimizar la prescripción oportuna de insulina y mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas con DM, a la vez que reduciría la carga socioeconómica de la enfermedad. Para optimizar los resultados de esta estrategia educativa, es necesaria la participación de todos los subsectores de la salud (público, de la seguridad social y privado), de los medios masivos de comunicación, de las escuelas de ciencias de la salud, y de la industria farmacéutica.As in the rest of the world, there is a significant gap between scientific knowledge regarding diabetes mellitus and the daily practice outcome, in Argentina. Inadequate diabetes control combined with associated cardiovascular risk factors are responsible for an elevated morbid-mortality incidence and the consequent raise in the socioeconomic burden. Some of the factors leading to this situation are the late diagnosis of the disease, the clinical “inertia” (reluctance to prescribe insulin) and the poor education given to the health care team as well as the persons with diabetes. The implementation of a national diabetologic education program targeting health care providers, the persons with diabetes and their families, could contribute to optimize the appropriate insulin prescription, and consequently improve their life quality, while reducing the disease socioeconomic burden. In order to optimize the education program’s strategy outcome, insulinization cabinets should be incorporated, the participation of all health systems (public health, social security and private health insurance companies), the media, health sciences, schools and the pharmaceutical industry are needed.Fil: Gagliardino, Juan Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnológico La Plata. Centro de Endocrinologia Experimental y Aplicada (i); Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas; ArgentinaFil: Costa Gil, José E.. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas; ArgentinaFil: Faingold, María C.. Unidad Asistencial Dr. César Milstein; ArgentinaFil: Litwak, León. Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Fuente, Graciela V.. Hospital Carlos Durand; Argentin

Regrouping metric-space search index for search engine size adaptation

This work contributes to the development of search engines that self-adapt their size in response to fluctuations in workload. Deploying a search engine in an Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) cloud facilitates allocating or deallocating computational resources to or from the engine. In this paper, we focus on the problem of regrouping the metric-space search index when the number of virtual machines used to run the search engine is modified to reflect changes in workload. We propose an algorithm for incrementally adjusting the index to fit the varying number of virtual machines. We tested its performance using a custom-build prototype search engine deployed in the Amazon EC2 cloud, while calibrating the results to compensate for the performance fluctuations of the platform. Our experiments show that, when compared with computing the index from scratch, the incremental algorithm speeds up the index computation 2–10 times while maintaining a similar search performance

Effects of concurrent strenght and endurance training sequence order on physical fitness performance in adolescent students

The aim of the study was to examine the effect of the sequence order of concurrent training on physical performance in students. 31 subjects were recruited from a Portuguese public high school and were randomly divided in strength training followed by endurance exercise group (GSE, n=12) and endurance followed by strength training group (GAS, n=11). The training program was performed during physical education classes, 2 times per week during 10 weeks. Anthropometrics and physical variables were assessed before (M1), after 5 weeks of training (M2) and after the training period (M3). Training‐induced significant differences in both groups after the training program [1kg and 3kg medicine ball throw gains (GES: 4.6 to 6.3%, and 3.9 to 6.0%, GSE: 5.0 to 9.3% and 3.0 to 8.4%), VO2max (GES: 2.3 to 3.7%, GSE: 2.8 to 8.0%), push-ups (GES: 11.7 to 12.5%; GSE: 13.3 to 23.5%), standing long jump (GES: 5.1 to 4.3%, GSE: 2.9 to 5.3%), counter movement jump (GES: 5.1 to 4.3%, GES: 3.1 to 8.1%) and sprint running 20m (GES: -1.5 to -1.2%, GSE: -1.0 to -1.7%). Independently of the sequence order, concurrent training appear to change body composition and increase physical fitness in students during physical education classes.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Understanding a woman's heart: Lessons from 14 177 women with acute coronary syndrome

INTRODUCTION: Coronary artery disease is becoming the leading cause of death in women in Western society. However, the available data shows that women are still underdiagnosed and undertreated with guideline-recommended secondary prevention therapy, leading to a significantly higher rate of in-hospital complications and in-hospital mortality. OBJECTIVE: The main objective of this work is to assess the approach to acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in Portugal, including form of presentation, in-hospital treatment and in-hospital complications, according to gender and in three different periods. METHODS: We performed an observational study with retrospective analysis of all patients included between 2002 and 2019 in the Portuguese Registry of Acute Coronary Syndromes (ProACS), a voluntary, observational, prospective, continuous registry of the Portuguese Society of Cardiology and the National Center for Data Collection in Cardiology. RESULTS: A total of 49 113 patients (34 936 men and 14 177 women) were included. Obesity, hypertension, diabetes (p<0.001 for all) and dyslipidemia (p=0.022) were all more prevalent in women, who were more frequently admitted for non-ST segment elevation ACS (p<0.001), and more frequently presented with atypical symptoms. Women had more time until needle and until reperfusion, which is less accessible to this gender (p<0.001). During hospitalization, women had a significantly higher risk of in-hospital mortality (OR 1.94 [1.78-2.12], p<0.001), major bleeding (OR 1.53 [1.30-1.80], p<0.001), heart failure (OR 1.87 [1.78-1.97], p<0.001), atrial fibrillation (OR 1.55 [1.36-1.77], p<0.001), mechanical complications (OR 2.12 [1.78-2.53], p<0.001), cardiogenic shock (OR 1.71 [1.57-1.87], p<0.001) and stroke (OR 2.15 [1.76-2.62], p<0.001). Women were more likely to have a normal coronary angiogram or coronary lesions with <50% luminal stenosis (p<0.001 for both), and thus a final diagnosis other than ACS. Both during hospitalization and at hospital discharge, women were less likely to receive guideline-recommended secondary prevention therapy. CONCLUSION: In women admitted for ACS, revascularization strategies are still underused, as is guideline-recommended secondary prevention therapy, which may explain their higher incidence of in-hospital complications and higher unadjusted mortality.Introduc¸ão: A doenc¸a arterial coronária está-se a tornar a principal causa de morte no mundo ocidental no género feminino. Contudo, os dados de que dispomos mostram que as mulheres são ainda subdiagnosticadas e subtratadas com as terapias de prevenc¸ão secundária recomendadas, levando a taxas significativamente mais altas de complicac¸ões intra-hospitalares e mortalidade intra-hospitalar. Objetivo: Avaliar a abordagem nacional às síndromas coronárias agudas, incluindo forma de apresentac¸ão, tratamento intra-hospitalar e complicac¸ões intra-hospitalares, de acordo com o género e em três períodos distintos. Métodos: Estudo observacional com análise retrospetiva de todos os doentes incluídos entre 2002 e 2019 no Registo Nacional de Síndromas Coronárias Agudas (RNSCA), um registo voluntário, observacional, prospetivo e contínuo da Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia e do Centro Nacional de Colec¸ão de Dados em Cardiologia. Resultados: Foram incluídos 49 113 doentes (34 936 homens e 14 177 mulheres). Obesidade, hipertensão arterial, diabetes mellitus (p < 0,001 para todos) e dislipidémia (p = 0,022) foram mais prevalentes nas mulheres, que são mais frequentemente admitidas por síndroma coronária aguda sem supradesnivelamento do segmento ST (p < 0,001) e mais frequentemente se apresentam com sintomas atípicos. As mulheres têm tempos mais longos até agulha e até reperfusão, esta última menos frequente neste género (p < 0,001). Durante hospitalizac¸ão, as mulheres têm um risco significativamente maior de mortalidade intra-hospitalar (OR 1,94 [1,78;2,12], p < 0,001), hemorragia major (OR 1,53 [1,30;1,80], p < 0,001), insuficiência cardíaca (OR 1,87 [1,78;1,97], p < 0,001), fibrilhac¸ão auricular (OR 1,55 [1,36;1,77], p < 0,001), complicac¸ões mecânicas (OR 2,12 [1,78;2,53], p < 0,001), choque cardiogénico (OR 1,71 [1,57;1,87], p < 0,001) e acidente vascular cerebral (OR 2,15 [1,76;2,62], p < 0,001). É mais provável que as mulheres tenham uma coronariografia normal ou lesão coronárias com estenose luminal < 50% (p < 0,001 para ambos) e, assim, um diagnóstico final alternativo a síndroma coronária aguda. Seja durante hospitalizac¸ão ou à alta hospitalar, é menos provável que as mulheres recebam as terapias de prevenc¸ão secundária recomendadas. Conclusão: Em mulheres admitidas com síndroma coronária aguda as estratégias de revascularizac¸ão são subutilizadas, assim como as terapias de prevenc¸ão secundária recomendadas, podendo justificar a maior incidência de complicac¸ões intra-hospitalares e maior mortalidade não ajustada.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

La hipoglucemia incrementa el gasto en salud y deteriora la productividad de pacientes con diabetes tipo 1 y tipo 2

La hipoglucemia es la dificultad más temida del tratamiento con insulina, con posible impacto social y sobre la utilización de recursos en salud, aspectos evaluados infrecuentemente. Objectivos: Describir el impacto de la hipoglucemia sobre el desempeño social y el uso de recursos en salud, en pacientes argentinos del estudio HAT. Metodologías: Estudio internacional, no intervencional que evaluó hipoglucemia severa (HS) y no severa (HNS) en pacientes con DM1 y DM2 tratados con insulina, mediante cuestionarios de autoreporte: el 1° transversal retrospectivo sobre periodos de 6 meses (HS) y 4 semanas (HNS) y el 2° prospectivo de 28 días (HS e HNS). Resultados: Participaron 1253 pacientes (DM1: 433, DM2: 823); en promedio, edad 41.7 y 63 años, duración de la diabetes 17.6 y 15.4 años y HbA1c 8.1% y 7.8% para DM1 y DM2 respectivamente. En el período retrospectivo 82.7% (DM1) y 48.6% (DM2) informaron al menos 1 HNS; 37.9% y 16.3% comunicaron HS. En el período prospectivo, 88.1% y 44.6% reportaron HNS, 21.5% y 8.5% HS para DM1 y DM2 respectivamente. En el período retrospectivo, 24(6.1%) pacientes y 16(3.2%) requirieron admisión hospitalaria, 13(3.4%) y 23(5%) asistieron a consultas adicionales y 75(19.6%) y 84(18.2%) se comunicaron telefónicamente con algún integrante del sistema de salud, debido a una hipoglucemia para DM1 y DM2, respectivamente. Desempeño laboral (período retrospectivo) los pacientes faltaron 3.1(3) y 5.8(7.9), llegaron tarde 3.5(3.9) y 6.9(9.4), se retiraron antes 10.5(53.5) y 4.7(8.4) (días en promedio [DS]) para DM1 y DM2 respectivamente. En el período prospectivo faltaron 2.5(3) y 2.7(1.2), llegaron tarde 1.4(0.9) y 1.3(0.5), se retiraron antes 1.7(1) y 1.3(0.5) días para DM1/DM2 respectivamente. Conclusiones: En una muestra de personas de la Argentina con DM1 y DM2 tratados con insulina, la hipoglucemia generó mayor uso de recursos en salud y deterioró el desempeño laboral/académico de los pacientes.Facultad de Ciencias Médica

Synthesis, structure and physical properties of luminescent Pr(III) ß-diketonate complexes

Near infrared lanthanide(III)-based light conversion molecular devices (LCMDs) are emerging as a promising class of materials for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) in some niche technologies. Three of these molecular materials -two highly coordinated Pr3+ ß-diketonate monomers and a dimer- are presented and their structure and properties are discussed. Particular emphasis is placed on the solid-to-solid transformation observed for the homodinuclear compound