The relationship between the plutonic intrusions and the dyke swarm in the Los Pedroches batholith (Iberian Massif, Spain): Dykes as a paleotectonic and paleostress indicators

[Abstract] The Los Pedroches batholith (Iberian Massif, SW Spain) is composed by a large biotite ±amphibole granodiorite pluton and several, smaller variable porphyritic, biotite ± cordierite granite intrusions. A dyke swarm composed esencially by trachyandesites, dacites and rhyolites cross cut the batholith. The whole set of plutonic and subvolcanic rocks define a K-rich, calc-alkaline alumino-cafemic association; only the trachyandesitic dykes ofshoshonitic affinity, get offthis trend. The dacitic and rhyolitic dykes are cogenetic with and probably comagmatic with thegranodioritic plutonand thegranitic intrusions, respectively. The trachyandesites, locallyshows sin-plutonic relations with thegranodiorite bodyand might becogenetic with mafic microgranular enclaves scattered through the granodiritic unit. The emplacement of the batholith and the dyke swarms is late-hercynian and postcollisional (300 Ma) and, was controled by a transtensional shear zone at acrustal scale. The dyke swarm use the tectonically generated fracture system during cooling and consolidation of the plutonic rocks: (i) R' type Riedel fractures for the trachyandesitic and dacitic dykes emplacement, and (ii) R type Riedel fractures for rhyolitic dykes emplacement. The arrangement ofsome dyke swarms can be use as a paleotectonic and paleostress indicators.

El Descenso pionero de la mortalidad en la provincia de Tarragona, 1900-1960: análisis epidemiológico

[spa] Partiendo del marco conceptual de la Transición Epidemiológica, el artículo analiza la evolución de las causas de muerte en la provincia de Tarragona para explicar su esperanza de vida inicialmente ventajosa respecto a Cataluña y España. Los datos consultados provienen de defunciones por causa de muerte y de tablas de mortalidad del Instituto Nacional de Estadística y del Institut d'Estadistica de Catalunya. El estudio epidemiológico se ha realizado mediante una agrupación de grandes causas de muerte. La metodología utilizada es la estandarización indirecta. Los resultados muestran que, entre 1900 y 1960, la esperanza de vida aumenta unos 30 años, con un mayor crecimiento a favor de las mujeres. Tarragona es el territorio que ostenta mayor esperanza desde 1900, aunque los niveles de mortalidad tienden a igualarse hacia 1960. Esta ventaja a favor de Tarragona es debido a la menor incidencia de muertes provocadas por enfermedades infecciosas, cambiándose la tendencia hacia 1950. Desde esta fecha aproximadamente, los antibióticos igualan los niveles de estas enfermedades y la esperanza de vida en zonas similares.[eng] This article uses the Epidemiological Transition as the primary framew ork for understanding spatial differences in causes of death to try to explain w hy, in the early 20th century, life expectancy in the province of Tarragona w as low er than in the rest of Catalonia and Spain. The data used w as derived from statistics on deaths classified according to cause of death, and life tables from the Instituto Nacional de Estad stica and the Institut d'Estadistica de Catalunya. This epidemiological studyhas been performed by grouping major causes of death, and the methodology used is that of indirect standardisation. The results show that, betw een 1900 and 1960, overall life expectancy increased by 30 years and that that of w omen grew more than that of men. Since 1900, Tarragona has been the Spanish province w hich has enjoyed the highest life expectancy. How ever, starting around 1960, its figures began to converge w ith those of the rest of Spain. This province's advantage w as initially due to a low er incidence of infectious diseases. Nevertheless, this trend changes around 1950, because from then on antibiotics produced a levelling off of disease incidence, and life expectancy converged among similar areas

Radial Age and Metal Abundance Gradients in the Stellar Content of M32

We present long-slit spectroscopy of the elliptical galaxy M32, obtained with the 8-m Subaru telescope at Mauna Kea, the 1.5-m Tillinghast telescope at the F. L. Whipple Observatory, and the 4-m Mayall telescope at the Kitt Peak National Observatory. The spectra cover the Lick index red spectral region as well as higher order Balmer lines in the blue. Spectra have been taken with the slit off-set from the nucleus to avoid scattered light contamination from the bright nucleus of M32. An analysis of numerous absorption features, particularly involving the H$\gamma$ and H$\beta$ Balmer lines, reveals that systematic radial trends are evident in the integrated spectrum of M32. Population synthesis models indicate a radial change in both the age and chemical composition of the light-weighted mean stellar population in M32, from the nucleus out to 33", i.e., approximately 1.0 effective radius, R_e. Specifically, the light-weighted mean stellar population at 1 R_e is older, by \~3 Gyr, and more metal-poor, by ~-0.25 dex in [Fe/H], t han the central value of ~4 Gyr and [Fe/H]~0.0. We show that this apparent population trend cannot be attributed to a varying contribution from either hot stars or emission line contamination. The increase in age and decrease in metal-abundance with radius are sufficiently well-matched to explain the flat radial color profiles previously observed in M32. In addition, the ratio of Mg to Fe abundance, [Mg/Fe], increases from ~-0.25 in the nucleus to ~-0.08 at 1 R_e. Finally, we find spuriously pronounced line strength gradients in the Mayall data that are an artifact of scattered light from the bright nucleus. Scattered light issues may explain the lack of consistency among previously published studies of radial line strength gradients in M32.Comment: 25 pages, 14 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journa

Foreigner’s internal migration in Spain: recent spatial changes during the economic crisis

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Las migraciones internas de los extranjeros en España: dinámicas espaciales recientes bajo el impacto de la crisis

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Profundizando en la estenósis aórtica valvular: análisis proteómico del plasma

Comunicaciones a congreso

An Optimal Protocol to Analyze the Rat Spinal Cord Proteome

Since the function of the spinal cord depends on the proteins found there, better defing the normal Spinal Cord Proteome is an important and challenging task. Although brain and cerebrospinal fluid samples from patients with different central nervous system (CNS) disorders have been studied, a thorough examination of specific spinal cord proteins and the changes induced by injury or associated to conditions such as neurodegeneration, spasticity and neuropathies has yet to be performed. In the present study, we aimed to describe total protein content in the spinal cord of healthy rats, employing different proteomics tools. Accordingly, we have developed a fast, easy, and reproducible sequential protocol for protein extraction from rat spinal cords. We employed conventional two dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) in different pH ranges (eg. 4–7, 3–11 NL) combined with identification by mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF), as well as first dimension protein separation combined with Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to maximise the benefits of this technology. The value of these techniques is demonstrated here by the identification of several proteins known to be associated with neuroglial structures, neurotransmission, cell survival and nerve growth in the central nervous system. Furthermore this study identified many spinal proteins that have not previously been described in the literature and which may play an important role as either sensitive biomarkers of dysfunction or of recovery after Spinal Cord Injury

A Study of the Near-Ultraviolet Spectrum of Vega

UV, optical, and near-IR spectra of Vega have been combined to test our understanding of stellar atmospheric opacities, and to examine the possibility of constraining chemical abundances from low-resolution UV fluxes. We have carried out a detailed analysis assuming Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium (LTE) to identify the most important contributors to the UV continuous opacity: H, H$^{-}$, C I, and Si II. Our analysis also assumes that Vega is spherically symmetric and its atmosphere is well described with the plane parallel approximation. Comparing observations and computed fluxes we have been able to discriminate between two different flux scales that have been proposed, the IUE-INES and the HST scales, favoring the latter. The effective temperature and angular diameter derived from the analysis of observed optical and near-UV spectra are in very good agreement with previous determinations based on different techniques. The silicon abundance is poorly constrained by the UV observations of the continuum and strong lines, but the situation is more favorable for carbon and the abundances inferred from the UV continuum and optical absorption lines are in good agreement. Some spectral intervals in the UV spectrum of Vega that the calculations do not reproduce well are likely affected by deviations from LTE, but we conclude that our understanding of UV atmospheric opacities is fairly complete for early A-type stars.Comment: 13 pages, 9 figures, to be published in Ap

Determination of heat wave definition temperatures in Spain at an isoclimatic level: time trend of heat wave duration and intensity across the decade 2009–2018

Background: In line with WHO guidelines for the implementation of public health prevention plans targeted at the impacts of high temperatures, a heat wave defnition temperature (Tthreshold) was calculated for 182 so called “isoclimatic zones” (IZ) in Spain. As the dependent variable for determining this Tthreshold, we analysed daily all-cause mortality data (ICD-10: A00-R99) for each IZ across the period 2009–2018. The independent variable used was the mean value of the maximum daily temperature of the summer months recorded at meteorological observatories in each IZ. We used Box–Jenkins models to ascertain mortality anomalies, and scatterplots to link these anomalies to the temperatures at which they occurred, thereby determining the Tthreshold for each IZ. We then calculated how many heat waves had occurred in each IZ, as well as their intensity, and analysed their time trend over this period. Results: The results showed that in 52.5% of the IZ, the percentile of the maximum temperatures series of the summer months to which Tthreshold corresponded was below the 95th percentile of the meteorological heat wave defnition in Spain: indeed, it only coincided in 30.7% of cases. The geographical distribution of these percentiles displayed great heterogeneity as a consequence of the local factors that infuence the temperature–mortality relationship. The trend in the number of heat waves analysed indicated an overall increase in Spain at a rate of 3.9 heat waves per decade, and a similar rise in mean annual intensity of 9.5 °C/decade. These time-trend values were higher than those yielded by analysing the trend in meteorological heat waves based on the 95th percentile. Conclusions: The results obtained in this study indicate the need to use a heat wave defnition based on epidemiological temperature–mortality studies, rather than on values based on meteorological percentiles. This could be minimising estimated health impacts in analyses of future impacts attributable to heat.Acknowledgements and funding The authors would like to express their gratitude for the following grants from the Carlos III Institute of Health (Instituto de Salud Carlos III/ISCIII) for the ENPY 304/20, and ENPY 436/21 projects.S

Case studies in physiology: Training adaptation in an elite athlete after breast cancer diagnosis.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the capacity to return to competition of a 28-yr-old female 400-m hurdle elite athlete after a diagnosis of breast cancer. The study lasted 14 mo after diagnosis. She was tested four times (T1–T4) to measure body mass (BM), body mass index (BMI), percentage of total fat mass (TFM%), total fat-free mass (TFFM%), bone mineral density (BMD), one-repetition maximum (1RM), and maximal power (MP) in bench press and half squat, maximum oxygen uptake, and 400-m dash and hurdles. T0 (baseline time) was established with values before diagnosis. BM and BMI increased from T0 to T1 (5.3% and 5.2%) and remained stable. BMD experienced no change. TFM% values decreased from T1 to T4 (3.5%). TFFM% values increased from T1 to T3 (0.9%). During T1–T2, the athlete presented a global decline from T0 in 1RMSquat, 1RMBench, MPSquat, and MPBench (32.6%, 27.2%, 37.5%, and 27.6%, respectively). Results during T3–T4 were also lower for these parameters from T0 (23.3%, 20.6%, 23.4%, and 11%). During T1–T2, the V̇o2max declined compared with T0 (1.8% and 6.4%), showing a small increase at T3 (+1%) and reaching the lowest level at T4 (9%). During T1–T2, the time record of 400-m dash (8.3%) and hurdles (7.4%) increased. However, a slight improvement was found at T3 (1.3% and 0.6%, respectively). The results of this case study reflect that exercise training improved body composition, maintained BMD and TFFM, but could not completely reverse the worsening of the cardiorespiratory, muscle strength and power, and running performance levels.pre-print325 K