Enabling Calibration In The Zero-Shot Inference of Large Vision-Language Models

Calibration of deep learning models is crucial to their trustworthiness and safe usage, and as such, has been extensively studied in supervised classification models, with methods crafted to decrease miscalibration. However, there has yet to be a comprehensive study of the calibration of vision-language models that are used for zero-shot inference, like CLIP. We measure calibration across relevant variables like prompt, dataset, and architecture, and find that zero-shot inference with CLIP is miscalibrated. Furthermore, we propose a modified version of temperature scaling that is aligned with the common use cases of CLIP as a zero-shot inference model, and show that a single learned temperature generalizes for each specific CLIP model (defined by a chosen pre-training dataset and architecture) across inference dataset and prompt choice

Dietary α‐Linolenic Acid, Marine ω‐3 Fatty Acids, and Mortality in a Population With High Fish Consumption: Findings From the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED) Study

Background: Epidemiological evidence suggests a cardioprotective role of α‐linolenic acid (ALA), a plant‐derived ω‐3 fatty acid. It is unclear whether ALA is beneficial in a background of high marine ω‐3 fatty acids (long‐chain n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids) intake. In persons at high cardiovascular risk from Spain, a country in which fish consumption is customarily high, we investigated whether meeting the International Society for the Study of Fatty Acids and Lipids recommendation for dietary ALA (0.7% of total energy) at baseline was related to all‐cause and cardiovascular disease mortality. We also examined the effect of meeting the society's recommendation for long‐chain n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (≥500 mg/day). Methods and Results: We longitudinally evaluated 7202 participants in the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED) trial. Multivariable‐adjusted Cox regression models were fitted to estimate hazard ratios. ALA intake correlated to walnut consumption (r=0.94). During a 5.9‐y follow‐up, 431 deaths occurred (104 cardiovascular disease, 55 coronary heart disease, 32 sudden cardiac death, 25 stroke). The hazard ratios for meeting ALA recommendation (n=1615, 22.4%) were 0.72 (95% CI 0.56–0.92) for all‐cause mortality and 0.95 (95% CI 0.58–1.57) for fatal cardiovascular disease. The hazard ratios for meeting the recommendation for long‐chain n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n=5452, 75.7%) were 0.84 (95% CI 0.67–1.05) for all‐cause mortality, 0.61 (95% CI 0.39–0.96) for fatal cardiovascular disease, 0.54 (95% CI 0.29–0.99) for fatal coronary heart disease, and 0.49 (95% CI 0.22–1.01) for sudden cardiac death. The highest reduction in all‐cause mortality occurred in participants meeting both recommendations (hazard ratio 0.63 [95% CI 0.45–0.87]). Conclusions: In participants without prior cardiovascular disease and high fish consumption, dietary ALA, supplied mainly by walnuts and olive oil, relates inversely to all‐cause mortality, whereas protection from cardiac mortality is limited to fish‐derived long‐chain n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Clinical Trial Registration URL: http://www.Controlled-trials.com/. Unique identifier: ISRCTN35739639

Optimal composition of a holographic recording material

We study the effect of the addition of a crosslinking agent in a photopolymerizable matrix for real time holography. The optimization of the concentration of this component has been realized attending to the holographic parameters like energetic sensitivity and diffraction efficiency. Diffraction efficiencies near to 80 percent have been obtained with energetic exposures of 12 mJ/cm2.Research Project PTR-0115 (CICYT); Project MAT96-1767-E

Revista de Vertebrados de la Estación Biológica de Doñana

Algunas variables que influyen la diferenciación por edades del pejerrey (Atherina Hepseti) boyeri Risso 1810)Variations in weight and gonad size in dunlins (Calidris alpina) in the Guadiana estuary, sw Spain.Evolución estacional de la comunidad de aves en un encinar de Sierra Nevada.Las comunidades de aves invernantes en cuatro medios diferentes de la provincia de Córdoba.Estrategias de nidificación en Passer domesticus.Reproducción de la urraca (Pica pica) en Sierra Morena (Andalucía).La distribución de las currucas (G. Sylvia, Cl. Aves) en el Sistema Central (España)Interacciones entre los patos buceadores en una laguna meridional española.Distancia de huída en aves.Lugares de reposo diurno de algunos quirópteros en los Llanos de Venezuela.Datos de distribución de Emys orbicularis en la provincia de CádizSobre la alimentación del avetoro común (Botaurus stellaris) en España.Sobre la distribución pasada y alimentación del quebrantahuesos (Gypaetus barbatus L. 1798) en España.Datos sobre la alimentación de avoceta (Recurvirrostra avosetta) en el estuario del Guadiana.Status de la pazaga piqirroja (Hydroprogne caspia) en el SO españolDatos sobre alimentación de dos Phalaropus fulicarius en el SO de EspañaNeomys anomalus, nuevas citas para GranadaPrimera captura de una foca común en el suroeste de IberiaPeer reviewe

Fotopolímeros aplicados a la holografía

Este trabajo ha sido financiado por la CICYT (proyecto MAT96-1767-E)

Denervación renal para el tratamiento de la hipertensión arterial resistente en España. Registro Flex-Spyral

Introducción y objetivos: La denervación renal es una intervención percutánea para el tratamiento de la hipertensión arterial resistente. Estudios aleatorizados han mostrado resultados contradictorios sobre su eficacia.Se presentan los resultados de un registro de denervación en pacientes con hipertensión resistente según práctica clínica en nuestro país. Métodos: Registro multicéntrico de pacientes consecutivos con hipertensión arteria lresistente tratados con denervación renal en España en el período 2009-2018.Resultados: Se han incluido 125 pacientes (edad media56años,41% sexo femenino,149 años de evolución de la hipertensión).La presión arterial sistólica y diastólica enla consulta y ambulatoria de24 horas disminuyeron a los 6 meses de la intervención(16620/9516 a 14922/8716 mm Hg y 15114/8912 a 14315/8411ambas conp <0,0001).A los 12 meses se mantuvo la reducción en la presión arterial con una disminución en el número de fármacos antihipertensivos de 4,91,2 a 4,41,5(p=0,0001). No hubo complicaciones importantes relacionadas con el procedimiento. La tasa de respuesta a la denervación al año fue del 80% si bien con una amplia variabilidad entre centros. Conclusiones: La denervación renal en pacientes con hipertensión resistente se relacionó con una disminución de las cifras de presión arterial en la consulta y, lo que es más importante, en la monitorización ambulatoria de presión arterial, con una disminución significativa del tratamiento farmacológico

Rationale and design of a multicenter, international and collaborative coronary artery aneurysm registry (CAAR)

Coronary artery aneurysm has been classically defined as a coronary dilation that exceeds the diameter of normal adjacent segments or the diameter of the patient’s largest coronary vessel by 1.5×. Termed by Bourgon,1 it is an uncommon disease that has been diagnosed with increasing occurrence since the advent of coronary angiography.2,3 The incidence has been reported to vary from 1.5% to 5%, with suggested male dominance and a predilection for the right coronary artery.2,3 Although several causes have been shown, atherosclerosis accounts for ≥50% of coronary aneurysms in adults. Reported complications include thrombosis and distal embolization, vasospasm, and rupture, producing ischemia, heart failure, or arrhythmias. The natural history and long-term outcomes remain unclear, as definitive data are lacking. In addition, controversies persist regarding the use of medical treatment (antithrombotic therapy) or interventional/surgical procedures.1–